On Bhargava rings

summary:Let $D$ be an integral domain with the quotient field $K$, $X$ an indeterminate over $K$ and $x$ an element of $D$. The Bhargava ring over $D$ at $x$ is defined to be $\mathbb {B}_x(D):=\{f\in \nobreak K[X]\colon \text {for all}\ a\in D,\ f(xX+a)\in D[X]\}$. In fact, $\mathbb {B}_x(D)$ is a subring of the ring of integer-valued polynomials over $D$. In this paper, we aim to investigate the behavior of $\mathbb {B}_x(D)$ under localization. In particular, we prove that $\mathbb {B}_x(D)$ behaves well under localization at prime ideals of $D$, when $D$ is a locally finite intersection of localizations. We also attempt a classification of integral domains $D$ such that $\mathbb {B}_x(D)$ is locally free, or at least faithfully flat (or flat) as a $D$-module (or $D[X]$-module, respectively). Particularly, we are interested in domains that are (locally) essential. A particular attention is devoted to provide conditions under which $\mathbb {B}_x(D)$ is trivial when dealing with essential domains. Finally, we calculate the Krull dimension of Bhargava rings over MZ-Jaffard domains. Interesting results are established with illustrating examples

Sur la structure hydrogéothermique de la région de Figuig (Haut Atlas oriental, Maroc)

Cette étude consiste à analyser les circonstances tectoniques, hydrogéologiques et géothermiques qui sont à l’origine des sources thermales de la région de Figuig dont les températures varient de 27 à 34 °C. Depuis le nord, la circulation des eaux souterraines dans les formations carbonatées jurassiques est canalisée vers l’oasis de Figuig. Ces eaux émergent à la faveur de failles sous des conditions de gradients géothermiques et de densité de flux de chaleur variant respectivement de 22 à 35 °C/km et 58 à 95 mW/m2

Contribution of Lasergrammetry, Photogrammetry and Electrical Tomography for the Survey and 3D Representation of Caves: Case Study of the Cave of Kef El Baroud, Province of Benslimane, Morocco

The modeling of caves is constantly evolving and the classic modeling tools are giving way to new techniques that are more precise and more practical, indeed scientists are increasingly using 3D modeling to improve the representations of caves, in this study we have used lasergrammetry and photogrammetry which occupy an increasing place in the 3D representation of caves. Their simplicity favors their use for recording and modeling the parietal morphology of caves and the detailed representation of the complexity of Endokarst. As part of the geomorphological study of the Kef El Baroud Cave which is located in the province of Benslimane in Morocco, two modeling methods were carried out, it is a digital survey by lasergrammetry and by photogrammetry of the cave. and its parietal morphologies. The study was completed by a topographical survey with a DistoX rangefinder. The geophysical contribution by electrical tomography was also carried out. The 3D terrestrial laser scanning technique was performed by a LEICA RTC 345 scanner. These measurements made it possible to reconstruct the evolutionary stages of the paragenetic morphologies, and their relationships with the local geomorphology, and the structural elements. The field measurements were integrated into the morphometric analyzes of the digital models, which allowed a large number of observations.The surveys also made it possible to compare the results with those of the photogrammetry carried out by a reflex camera and a wide-angle lens with appropriate editing software.Lasergrammetry and its application have enabled us to precisely position within the point cloud all the details of the covered wall, and thus constitutes, alongside photogrammetry, an interesting means for the geomorphological study of the Caves. An electrical tomography study was coupled with the other measurements and made it possible not only to delimit the walls of the Cave according to the resistivity gradients but also to detect the very probable presence of fractured zones under the Cave which could constitute an aquifer

Recent warming trends inferred from borehole temperature data in Figuig area (Eastern Morocco)

Ground surface temperature history (GSTH) reflecting the past climate conditions in eastern Morocco was evaluated by analyzing the temperature–depth profiles measured in four boreholes at the Figuig Oasis. The temperature–depth data were inverted using the functional space inversion method in order to reconstruct the surface temperature past changes. The results reveal a recent warming in the last century with an amplitude of 1–3 C for the four boreholes and a comparison with surface air temperature (SAT) variation from the Bouarfa and Bechar meteorological stations confirms this result. This warming trend is confirmed by other climate proxies

Impact of climate change on forest resources: Case of Quercus rotundifolia, Tetraclinis articulata, Juniperus phoenicea, J. oxycedrus, J. thurifera and Pinus halepensis

Forest resources in the Ourika watershed are subject to several anthropogenic and climatic degradation factors. As for the human factor, this degradation of forest resources is explained by the bad practices exercised by the local population expressed by the cutting of live wood, carbonization, and overgrazing. In terms of the climatic factor, the decrease in the amount of rainfall and the increase in temperature contribute to the exacerbation of the degradation of these resources. In order to better understand the evolution of plant cover in a changing climate context, this study highlights an assessment of the impact of climate change on forest dynamics based on a process-based model at the forest landscape scale which makes it possible to simulate the changes according to growth, succession, disturbances (fire, wind, insects, etc), forest management, and land use change. This analysis is based on the use of the LANDIS-II model and the PnET-succession extension. Projections of the dynamics of forest communities are made using climate projections from the Japanese global circulation model adopted by Morocco (model for interdisciplinary research on climate – earth system models) and this by adopting the two climate scenarios , representative concentration pathways 4.5 and 8.5. The results obtained highlight the spatial distribution of the ecosystems studied after 100 years with a quantitative evaluation of the total average biomass of these resources as a function of climatic disturbances. In general, the estimated total biomass will decline over the coming years under the joint effect of the climate change and the aging of forest stands, while on the other hand, the distribution of potential areas for species settlement remains independent of the effect of these climate changes

Modelat de turbomàquines durant la seva operació en cicles criogènics

[ES] El proyecto pretende modelar las turbomáquinas que componen un ciclo de Brayton inverso en operación criogénica. Tanto compresores como turbina serán modelados en condiciones de operación reales y los modelos serán validados con datos experimentales obtenidos de un ciclo prototipo. Los modelos se usarán para analizar los flujos de calor en las turbomáquinas y determinar la importancia de éstos en el rendimiento efectivo de las mismas. Los modelos también se usarán para analizar si las máquinas operan dentro o fuera de sus zonas de rendimiento óptimo. En caso de determinar que las máquinas comerciales elegidas operan muy fuera de diseño, el modelo orientará el rediseño de máquinas mejor adaptadas a los ciclos criogénicos.[EN] The project aims to model the turbomachines that make up a reverse Brayton cycle in cryogenic operation. Both compressors and turbine will be modeled in real operating conditions and the models will be validated with experimental data obtained from a prototype cycle. The models will be used to analyze the heat fluxes in the turbomachinery and determine the importance of these in the effective performance of the same. The models will also be used to analyze whether the machines are operating within or outside of their optimal performance zones. In case of determining that the chosen commercial machines operate very out of design, the model will guide the redesign of machines better adapted to cryogenic cycles.Farih Ouzzaouit, M. (2022). Modeling of turbomachines during their operation in cryogenic cycles. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/185206TFG

On the hydrogeothermal structure of the Figuig region (eastern High Atlas, Morocco)

This study is to analyze the tectonic, hydrogeological and geothermal circumstances that are causing the upwelling of the thermal springs in the Figuig region whose temperatures range from 27 to 34 °C. From the north, the groundwater flow in carbonated formations is channeled to the oasis of Figuig. These groundwaters emerge thanks to faults under conditions of geothermal gradients and heat flow density ranging from 22 to 35 °C/km and 58-95 mW/m2 respectively