A Proposed Approach for Teaching Entrepreneurship Education in Kenya

There has been a general lack of entrepreneurship culture among the youth in Kenya. The intervention level of entrepreneurship education has been at tertiary institutions and universities. This paper argues that attitudes and values are acquired at formative stage in life. Based on literature review of the models that have been used  and yielded positive results, this paper proposes an innovative approach to the teaching of entrepreneurship education that is inclusive of pre-school, primary, secondary, tertiary and university levels. The Young Enterprise Scotland (YES) Company Program, a similar program in New Zealand, The Student Enterprise Program (SEP) of University of Utara Malaysia and Durham University Business School (DUBS) models are among the successful ones in raising pupils and students self efficacy and other related entrepreneurial qualities. This paper recommends that policy makers should consider revising the entrepreneurship education policy to include secondary, primary and pre-primary levels. Further, it recommends that experiential learning methodologies be emphasized in the delivery of entrepreneurship education. Keywords: Entrepreneurship Education, Training Approaches, Kenya

Effect of Credit Risk Management Practices on Lending Portfolio among Savings and Credit Cooperatives in Kenya

Sound lending procedures in financial institutions involve identifying high-risk loan applicants, modifying lending conditions such as security requirements and monitoring repayments. Credit risk management is an emerging activity that lies within Sacco’s. Many researches have attempted to answer the benefits of the credit risk management. However, it has remained unclear for the Sacco’s management on the effects of credit risk management practices on lending portfolio. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of credit risk management practices on lending portfolio among Sacco’s in Nakuru County, Kenya. Data on risk identification, risk analysis, risk monitoring, risk evaluation and risk mitigation obtained from 59 Sacco’s sampled from among Saccos in Nakuru County were analyzed using regression models to identify its effect on lending portfolio. Results indicate a significant effect of all the risk management practices on lending portfolio except risk evaluation which did not register a significant effect on the lending portfolio of the Sacco’s. The findings further show that majority of the Sacco’s have largely adopted risk management practices as a means of managing their portfolio. Key words: Credit Risk Management,  Lending Portfolio, Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies, Kenya

Does Environmental Knowledge Matter? Social Influence and Pro-Environmental Behavior in University Students: An Indirect Effect Model

Purpose- This study aims to provide an analytical framework that focuses on environmental knowledge as a mechanism through which social influence enhances pro-environmental behavior among university students. Design/Methodology- The research employed quantitative strategy, cross-sectional survey design, and systematic random sampling techniques to obtain data from a sample of 335 university students using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The study hypotheses were tested using Hayes Process Macro vs. 3.5 (Model 4). Findings- Results indicate that social influence strongly impacts students’ environmental knowledge, and both variables significantly predict pro-environmental behavior. Environmental knowledge was discovered to be the strongest predictor of pro-environmental behavior among students. Finally, results show that environmental knowledge mediates the relationship between social influence and pro-environmental behavior, revealing a complimentary mediation model superior to the direct effect model. Originality- These findings reveal that social influence and students’ environmental knowledge have a strong influence in cultivating students’ pro-environmental behavior. Furthermore, the complementary mediation model, which shows superior results than the direct effect model, contributes to the body of knowledge and offers new insights into theory and practice. Practical Implications- Environmental sustainability may be positioned as a social trend by government and business agencies, such as a promotional campaign, workshops, and training to demonstrate and raise awareness about environmental issues