A proposed integrated livestock-rice-poultry-cum-fish culture in enclosure system

Integrated agriculture-cum-fish farming has been practised profitably for ages in the Chinese small-scale farming system. There is a great potential for this system by utilizing the vast Nigerian flood plains (approx. 515,000 ha). Dogongari Bay in Lake Kainji Basin was identified as a suitable site for this system after some extensive fish culture trials. Polyculture of Clarias spp., Heterotis niloticus and Tilapia was proposed for integration with layers in the poultry house, 2-ha upland rain-fed rice farming and indirect cattle rearing in the 5-ha enclosure site. Cost benefit analysis showed that the system will consistently record profit as from the second year of operation. Various complex factors were identified to affect profitability of this mixed farming system. Concerted research approach is needed to fully understand the interrelationships of the various components of this integrated system. Generous funding of research activities is very crucial in this situatio

Preliminary studies on bamboo floating cage and net enclosure culture in Kainji Lake basin

The main objective of this paper is to introduce bamboo floating cage and net enclosure fish culture technology aimed at producing fish from almost all available inland bodies of water in Nigeria. The experimental approach embarked upon at Kainji Lake Research Institute is discussed. Results obtained from these experiments would help in identifying the inherent problems of this culture system and in determining the urgently needed information that will serve as management and production guidelines for adapting the technology to local conditions of varying ecological characteristics in Nigeria. Ultimately, the project is aimed at increasing the productivity of fishermen/fish farmers and hastening the development of rural communitie

Small scale commercial production of tilapia fingerlings in floating bamboo net-hapas

The inadequate supply of tilapia seed is considered as one of the major present constraints to the development of the culture industry in Nigeria. The floating bamboo net-hapa hatchery/nursery system was observed to be very efficient in the mass production of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry and fingerlings at Kainji Lake Research Institute. This system was therefore, recommended for small-scale (artisanal) commercial operators consisting of fishermen families in order to increase their productivity and hasten development of rural communities. The economic analysis of this system showed that loan obtained for the recommended scale of operation can be amortized within 2 years of the project. It was emphasized that the operational and managerial skills of the fish farm operators account largely to the production cost and profitability of the enterpris

Intensive small scale cage, pen and enclosure fish production systems: towards 2010

A brief review of most of the publications by the author and other relevant workers on the three water-based fish culture systems was made. The present status of the culture systems in the National Food/Fish Programmes was highlighted. Strategies were advanced towards a successful implementation of the intensive water-based culture systems project as a contribution towards alleviating poverty, hunger and malnutrition under the concept of VISION 201

Utilization of waste waters in fish production: preliminary results from fish culture studies in floating cages in a sewage pond, New Bussa, Nigeria

The utilization of waste waters in aquaculture were briefly reviewed. At the National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research (NIFFR), stocking density (20 to 160 fish/m super(3)) experiments using Sarotherodon galilaeus (without supplementary feeding) in floating cages were carried out in a sewage pond (0.4ha surface area). Cage culture of S. galilaeus was observed to have potentials in waste waters aquaculture. Recommendations were made on the execution of an intergrated waste water management and utilization

Modern aquaculture practices for increased fish production in Nigeria

Various modern aquaculture practices applied in fish production especially in Asia are reviewed. The vast Nigerian aquatic medium of numerous water bodies like rivers, streams, lakes reservoirs, flood plains, irrigation canals, coastal swamps offer great potentials for aquaculture production, if optimally utilized. Constraints to modernization of aquaculture in Nigeria among other factors are: 1) a serious shortage of trained manpower; 2) lack of knowledge on profitability of aquaculture as an industry; 3) limited availability of fund (or capital); 4) non-recognition of indigenous trained aquaculture personnel; 5) inadequate data base on the biology and ecological requirements of endemic fish species with aquaculture potentials; 6) insufficient data on production and management techniques; and 7) lack of rational aquaculture development planning. Recommendations are made towards combating these constraint

Culture Trials of Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Fingerlings and Juveniles Using Floating Plastic Enclosure System

There is paucity of information on the suitable floating catfish fingerling/nursery production system for juvenile catfish which are in very high demand. The effects of enclosure shape, stocking density, water quality on production of catfish fingerlings and juveniles were evaluated by carrying out two experiments. Experiments involved the use of two plastic enclosure shapes (circular and rectangular of 60litres each) and dosage of eggs (5g, 10g, and 15g of eggs). There were 3 replicates per treatment (enclosure shape and dosage). Eggs were incubated and hatched in the enclosures. Data collected were number of fingerlings, weight and length, pH and water temperature inside and outside the enclosures were also monitored. Parameters monitored included number of juveniles, percentage of shooters and suspected cannibalized fish. Data were subjected to ANOVA. Results showed that mean water pH inside the enclosures were not significantly different (p>0.05) with respect to enclosure shape. Weight and length of fish at fingerling stage were affected significantly (p<0.001) by dosage. 5g dosage recorded highest mean weight (3.6g) and the length (6.7cm) of fish at fingerling stage while the 15g dosage had the least mean weight (2.0g) and length (5.0cm). There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in water temperature and pH within and outside the enclosure under different egg dosages, percentage of shooters and suspected cannibalized fish were not significantly different (p> 0.05) between enclosure shapes. However, the mean weight of fish in circular enclosure was significantly higher (p<0.001) than in rectangular enclosure. Fish in circular enclosures weighed 7.7g each while those in rectangular enclosures weighed 7.0g. Percentage survival and number of shooters were not significantly different (p>0.05) among the three stocking densities. In contrast, number of fish harvested and suspected cannibalized fish were affected significantly (p<0.001) by stocking densities. Length of fish harvested was significantly different (p<0.001) among the stocking densities. The higher the stocking density the shorter the length of fish harvested. The same inverse trend was observed in weight of shooters, stocking density at 60 fish/enclosure yielded the lightest shooters (6.4g) compared with the highest (8.3g) in 15 fish/enclosure. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in number of shooters under the different stocking densities, however it is concluded that lower stocking density is preferred to higher stocking density. It is therefore recommended that enclosure of either shape could be adopted. DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/11-14-04 Publication date:July 31st 202

Investigation of the socioeconomic activities and potentials of rural fisher folks in Oyan Lake Area

An investigation of the socio-economic potential of the inhabitants living around Oyan lake (40km2 surface area) was carried out between January 2001 and August 2002. Five hundred (500) copies of the questionnaires were distributed among the people living around the entire stretch of the lake and 283 people responded. The commercial fish landing estimates showed that the total landing for the entire period of study was 4,628 (number) weighing 1,856.6kg. Mean catch per boat per sampling day (number and weight) was estimated to be 113 and 4.28kg respectively. Therefore the estimated annual fish landing (number and weight) per boat from 317 fishing days were 35,821 and 1,356.7kg respectively. The potential annual fish yield from commercial fishery for the lake was 147.5 tonnes while the total number of active boats recorded for the entire lake was 43,241

HAEMATOLOGICAL STUDIES AND DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA) CONTENT OF DIPLOID AND TRIPLOID AFRICAN CATFISH Heterobranchus bidorsalis (Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1809)

This study was carried out to compare some haematological parameters and Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) contents of triploid and diploid strains of Heterobranchus bidorsalis. The results showed thatthere were positive correlations among packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (HB), Red blood cell(RBC) and White blood cell (WBC) at 5% level of significance. Comparatively, diploids had highervalues of WBC, lymphocytes, Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and Mean corpuscularvolume (MCV) but the triploid had higher values with respect to RBC, PCV and HB. Thesevalues showed the effects of the cold shock on the triploid strain. There were no significant differences(p>0.05) between diploid and triploid in the lymphocytes, MCV and MCHC. Variations in otherhaematological values of the diploids and triploids were very minimal. The above observation revealedthat the blood components of diploid and triploid H. bidorsalis were apparently healthy. TheDNA content values obtained in this study could be used as an index to establish ploidy level. Higherpurity of DNA concentration (0.517μg) was found in triploid compared to the diploid concentration of(0.485μg). There was a significant difference (p<0.01) between the triploid and diploid DNA purity

Analysis of parameters influencing build accuracy of a SLM printed compressor outlet guide vane

The paper describes the manufacture of an outlet guide vane (OGV) of jet engines by the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process, in view of current challenges for conventional machining approaches such as; high airfoil profile tolerances, limited tooling access and hard to machine materials like nickel-chromium-based super alloys. Within this paper, analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of build parameters on possible distortion during printing that affect the build accuracy. These parameters include the part orientation on the build plate, thickness change to the flanges and the positioning of the support structure of each part. The configurations are 3D printed using the SLM approach. The chosen material is IN625. The printed parts are 3D scanned and the results are compared to the original CAD design. The results confirmed the presence of distortions in printed parts and the effect of parameter changes. Furthermore, it was shown that improvements to the print parameters are necessary to achieve a satisfactory profile tolerance.Innovate U