Los documentos de idoneidad técnica como potenciales incentivadotes de la industrialización de la construcción.

Los documentos de idoneidad técnica como potenciales incentivadotes de la industrialización de la construcción

Los documentos de idoneidad técnica como potenciales incentivadores de la industrialización de la construcción

The first part of this work2 proceeds to determine the relative weight of a series of functional elements in convention building construction as a preliminary to a study of two residential buildings, simulating the intensive application of sistems, products and/or components certified with DIT, DIT Plus and ETA (Spanish technical approvals, Spanish technical approvals plus and European technical approvals) on them. The work concludes highlighting that the number of approvals (DIT, DIT Plus and ETA) issued and the availability of industrialised construction products (fachades, inside partitions, roofing...), available for an estimated 70% of the value of functional elements in residential buildings. The relatively scant use of industrialised elements (understanding in this point –only in this work context- as the ones approved with the mentioned ‘documents’) in residential construction in Spain cannot, therefore, be attributed to a market scarcity of such elements, components or subsystems.En la primera parte de este trabajo1 se desglosa la incidencia de los elementos funcionales en la edificación, como paso previo para el estudio de dos edificios de viviendas, en los que se ha simulado la aplicación intensiva de sistemas, productos y/o componentes acreditados con DIT, DIT Plus o DITE. El trabajo concluye destacando que hay una relación directa entre el número de ‘documentos’ (DIT, DIT Plus o DITE) otorgados y la disponibilidad de productos industrializados para la construcción (fachadas, cerramientos interiores, cubiertas…), estimado en un 70% del valor los elementos funcionales de los edificios de viviendas. Así, la relativamente escasa utilización de elementos industrializados (entendido en este caso –a efectos únicamente de este trabajo- como los que cuentan con los ‘documentos’ aludidos) en la construcción de viviendas en España, no puede imputarse a una carencia de elementos, componentes o subsistemas industrializados de mercado

The Role of Zinc in the Modulation of Neuronal Proliferation and Apoptosis

Although a requirement of zinc (Zn) for normal brain development is well documented, the extent to which Zn can modulate neuronal proliferation and apoptosis is not clear. Thus, we investigated the role of Zn in the regulation of these two critical events. A low Zn availability leads to decreased cell viability in human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells and primary cultures of rat cortical neurons. This occurs in part as a consequence of decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptotic cell death. In IMR-32 cells, Zn deficiency led to the inhibition of cell proliferation through the arrest of the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Zn deficiency induced apoptosis in both proliferating and quiescent neuronal cells via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Reductions in cellular Zn triggered a translocation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bad to the mitochondria, cytochrome c release, and caspase-3 activation. Apoptosis is the resultant of the inhibition of the prosurvival extracellular-signal-regulated kinase, the inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B, and associated decreased expression of antiapoptotic proteins, and to a direct activation of caspase-3. A deficit of Zn during critical developmental periods can have persistent effects on brain function secondary to a deregulation of neuronal proliferation and apoptosis

Screening of anti-dengue activity in methanolic extracts of medicinal plants

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dengue fever regardless of its serotypes has been the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral diseases among the world population. The development of a dengue vaccine is complicated by the antibody-dependent enhancement effect. Thus, the development of a plant-based antiviral preparation promises a more potential alternative in combating dengue disease.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Present studies investigated the antiviral effects of standardised methanolic extracts of <it>Andrographis paniculata, Citrus limon, Cymbopogon citratus, Momordica charantia, Ocimum sanctum </it>and <it>Pelargonium citrosum </it>on dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1).</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>O. sanctum </it>contained 88.6% of total flavonoids content, an amount that was the highest among all the six plants tested while the least was detected in <it>M. charantia</it>. In this study, the maximum non-toxic dose (MNTD) of the six medicinal plants was determined by testing the methanolic extracts against Vero E6 cells <it>in vitro</it>. Studies also determined that the MNTD of methanolic extract was in the decreasing order of <it>M. charantia </it>><it>C. limon </it>><it>P. citrosum, O. sanctum </it>><it>A. paniculata </it>><it>C. citratus</it>. Antiviral assay based on cytopathic effects (CPE) denoted by degree of inhibition upon treating DENV1-infected Vero E6 cells with MNTD of six medicinal plants showed that <it>A. paniculata </it>has the most antiviral inhibitory effects followed by <it>M. charantia</it>. These results were further verified with an <it>in vitro </it>inhibition assay using MTT, in which 113.0% and 98.0% of cell viability were recorded as opposed to 44.6% in DENV-1 infected cells. Although methanolic extracts of <it>O. sanctum </it>and <it>C. citratus </it>showed slight inhibition effect based on CPE, a significant inhibition was not reflected in MTT assay. Methanolic extracts of <it>C. limon </it>and <it>P. citrosum </it>did not prevent cytopathic effects or cell death from DENV-1.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The methanol extracts of <it>A. paniculata </it>and <it>M. charantia </it>possess the ability of inhibiting the activity of DENV-1 in <it>in vitro </it>assays. Both of these plants are worth to be further investigated and might be advantageous as an alternative for dengue treatment.</p

TRIM22 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity is required to mediate antiviral activity against encephalomyocarditis virus

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