Systematic feed-forward convolutional encoders are as good as other encoders with an M-algorithm decoder

In this paper we show that systematic convolutional encoders perform as well as nonsystematic ones when they are used together with M-algorithm decoders. We describe the algorithm and give a brief historical review

Loading data into a mobile terminal

Disclosed is a method of loading data, such as software, into a mobile terminal, where the data is loaded from a loading station, and the data comprises payload data and header data. The mobile terminal accepts the data conditioned on a verification process based on the header data. The step of receiving the data further comprises the steps of receiving a header message including the header data from the loading station by the mobile terminal, verifying the received header data by the mobile terminal, and receiving at least a first payload message including the payload data, if the header data is verified successfully

Loading data onto an electronic device

A method of protecting an electronic device from unauthorized reprogramming, the electronic device comprising a data memory and a key memory, the method comprising loading into the key memory a predetermined public key of a cryptographic public key mechanism for verifying subsequent data items to be loaded into the data memory, the subsequent data items being signed with a corresponding private key; characterized in that the method further comprises setting a permanent identifier in the electronic device, the permanent identifier including an identifier identifying an entity authorized to reprogram the electronic device and an indicator identifying a selected one of a number of categories of public keys

Systematic feed-forward convolutional encoders are better than other encoders with an M-algorithm decoder

Consider nonbacktracking convolutional decoders that keep a fixed number of trellis survivors. It is shown that the error performance of these depends on the early part of the distance profile and on the number of survivors kept, and not on the free distance or the details of the code generators. Particularly, the encoder may be feedforward systematic without loss. Furthermore, this kind of encoder solves the correct path loss problem in reduced-search decoders. Other kinds do not. Therefore, with almost any other decoding method than the Viterbi algorithm, systematic feed-forward encoders should be used. The conclusions in this correspondence run counter to much accepted wisdom about convolutional code