Obtenção de Imagem do Google Earth para classificação de uso e ocupação do solo.

O sensoriamento remoto e o geoprocessamento trouxeram importantes avanços para o reconhecimento e mapeamento de territórios. A análise de imagem de satélite com alta resolução espacial é um importante instrumento para o planejamento e tomada de decisões. No entanto, a obtenção de imagem com alta resolução ainda é opção cara no mercado de imagens de satélite. Como alternativa para esse problema, este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar um método para a obtenção e o georreferenciamento de imagens de alta resolução espacial do Google Earth com a finalidade de gerar produtos para diversas aplicações. Como exemplo foi escolhida, para classificação do uso e ocupação do solo, uma área do Distrito de Barão Geraldo em Campinas-SP

An Analytic Model with Critical Behavior in Black Hole Formation

A simple analytic model is presented which exhibits a critical behavior in black hole formation, namely, collapse of a thin shell coupled with outgoing null fluid. It is seen that the critical behavior is caused by the gravitational nonlinearity near the event horizon. We calculate the value of the critical exponent analytically and find that it is very dependent on the coupling constants of the system.Comment: 21pp., ReVTeX, 7 figures (postscript, compressed and uuencoded), TIT/HEP-266/COSMO-4

A MILP model for an extended version of the Flexible Job Shop Problem

A MILP model for an extended version of the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling problem is proposed. The extension allows the precedences between operations of a job to be given by an arbitrary directed acyclic graph rather than a linear order. The goal is the minimization of the makespan. Theoretical and practical advantages of the proposed model are discussed. Numerical experiments show the performance of a commercial exact solver when applied to the proposed model. The new model is also compared with a simple extension of the model described by \"Ozg\"uven, \"Ozbakir, and Yavuz (Mathematical models for job-shop scheduling problems with routing and process plan flexibility, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 34:1539--1548, 2010), using instances from the literature and instances inspired by real data from the printing industry.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables. Optimization Letters, 201

Comparação de modelos digitais de elevação para a ilha de São Sebastião - SP.

Os produtos gerados a partir de modelos digitais de elevação (MDEs) podem contribuir para pesquisas ambientais, planejamento e gestão do território. No entanto há diferenças nos resultados dos produtos finais. Essas diferenças dependem do MDE a ser utilizado. Este trabalho gerou uma carta de declividade e uma carta hipsométrica da Ilha de São Sebastião - SP a partir de três modelos digitais de elevação. O objetivo deste artigo foi comparar por meio da análise de histograma os produtos gerados pelos MDEs SRTM, ASTER e TOPODATA

Uso de imagens de radar na estimativa do ar.

O objetivo deste boletim é apresentar uma metodologia para a geração de modelo numérico de terreno (MNT), com estimativa da temperatura do ar, a partir de dados do radar SRTM. O modelo digital de elevação, gerado pela missão SRTM, forneceu as coordenadas geográficas e as altitudes necessárias para estimar-se a temperatura média do ar, utilizando-se equações de regressão múltipla. A metodologia foi eficiente na geração do mapa de temperatura média do ar do Estado de São Paulo, produto que pode ser utilizado para os mais diversos fins, tais como zoneamentos agropecuários.bitstream/item/120540/1/2249.pd

Using SAR data for soil temperature regimes classifiction in São Paulo, Brazil.

The climatic variables are used in Soil Taxonomy (Soil Survey Staff, 1999) for soil classification, because it is important to plant germination and growth, soil formation and others soil properties. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry has been shown to be a very cost effective tool for measuring digital topography (Zyl, 2001). The data of Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) were the results of an international mission that generate a digital elevation model (DEM) with high resolution (Souza Filho, 2003). The data were generate and provided for South America with 90m spatial resolution. The SRTM was in February, 2000 and produced the most complete terrain map of the world (Foni, Seal, 2004). A radar interferometer images a scene from two slightly different positions. In the case of a single-pass interferometer, such as SRTM, these images are acquired simultaneously. This means that one needs to separate the antenna systems in space, but always know the relative positions of the antennas in order to reconstruct the topography correctly (Zyl, 2001). The SRTM actually flew two interferometers, a C-band system, and a X-band system. The DEM generate by SRTM has a good accuracy, and besides a great advantage in the homogeneous DEM quality. Therefore, it can be used to estimate the air temperature using multiple regression analysis, based on geographic coordinates and altitude as independent variables (Pinto et al., 1972; Pedro Júnior et al., 1991; Marin et al., 2003). The Soil Taxonomy criteria to define soil temperature regimes consider soil temperature at a depth of 50cm from the soil surface, these data are rare in Brasil, and are poor to classify soil temperature regimes in brazilian territory, classifying the major portion of the country in isohyperthermic regime. The objective of this paper is present a new perspective to classify soil temperature regimes based in air temperature estimated from SRTM data, for São Paulo State

Soft Robotics in Radiation Environments : A Prospective Study of an Emerging Automated Technology for Existing Nuclear Applications

Traditional robots have a long history in nuclear-related work because their integration decreases risk to humans in dangerous environments. Soft robotics is one promising new branch of traditional robotics with proposed applications in industry, medicine, and society. Collaborators from the Robotics mLab at Oregon State University (OSU) are currently working on a proof of concept soft robotic manipulator built from 3-D printed silicone elastomer. It is therefore an opportune time to analyze the potential of this new soft robot and similar models to contribute to nuclear environments. This prospective analysis identifies the components of the soft robotic system and representative radiation environments for robotic tasks, then measures the functional capability of these components in the environments. Samples of polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) were exposed to gamma irradiation then studied for changes to mechanical properties, including elongation, tensile strength, and compression. Results from these tests showed less than a 25% gamma-induced change in all but the highest exposure environment. In addition, a 7-hour exposure of PDMS to the mixed radiation flux surrounding OSU's TRIGA research reactor (OSTR) resulted in activation of some unexpected impurities, including members of the lanthanide series. Liquid metal sensors being considered for use in soft robotics were also tested by measuring resistance during gamma exposure at 0.1 Gy/hr; no changes were noticeable. Electronic components including drive mechanisms, cameras, and signal communications were assessed using past literature. A comprehensive assessment of these individual results concludes that soft robotics have functional potential in radiation environments and therefore warrant further study and engineering

On critical behaviour in gravitational collapse

We give an approach to studying the critical behaviour that has been observed in numerical studies of gravitational collapse. These studies suggest, among other things, that black holes initially form with infinitesimal mass. We show generally how a black hole mass formula can be extracted from a transcendental equation. Using our approach, we give an explicit one parameter set of metrics that are asymptotically flat and describe the collapse of apriori unspecified but physical matter fields. The black hole mass formula obtained from this metric exhibits a mass gap - that is, at the onset of black hole formation, the mass is finite and non-zero.Comment: 11 pages, RevTex, 2 figures (available from VH