1,119 research outputs found

    Modelos estéticos hegemónicos, subalternos o alternativos: una perspectiva étnico-racial de clase y género

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    El presente artículo tiene como propósito realizar una reflexión teórica sobre los modelos estéticos racializados difundidos en las sociedades contemporáneas. Para tal fin, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, a partir de la cual se explora y discute cómo el orden socio- racial impuesto desde el período colonial en la nación ha erigido el estereotipo somático blanco como el modelo hegemónico de belleza, puesto que lo «blanco» se asoció con la racionalidad y lo bello; en contraste, lo «negro» se asoció con la ignorancia y la fealdad. Se trata de discutir si dichas formas de clasificación socio-racial han sido re-significadas en el país, debido a los procesos de globalización, transnacionalización y a las políticas de igualdad multicultural concertadas en las dos últimas décadas en Latinoamérica, y especialmente en Colombia, a partir de la Carta Constitucional de 1991. Estos procesos socio-culturales y socio-económicos han agenciado la re-significación de los patrones de belleza no hegemónicos, es decir, los negros y mulatos en el contexto internacional y local

    Manifestaciones orales de la enfermedad celiaca

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    Introducción: La enfermedad celíaca es una enfermedad autoinmune sistémica caracterizada por una intolerancia permanente al gluten de la dieta. Es una enfermedad crónica que afecta principalmente al intestino delgado con una prevalencia mundial del 1% y afecta tanto a niños como a adultos. Las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad celíaca son muy variadas, configurando un amplio espectro reflejado en el denominado iceberg celíaco. Son frecuentes las manifestaciones extraintestinales, entre las que se encuentran las de la cavidad oral. Las más frecuentes son los defectos del esmalte dental y la estomatitis aftosa recurrente, de causa autoinmune. Objetivos: El objetivo principal de este trabajo es realizar una revisión sistemática sobre las manifestaciones orales de la enfermedad celíaca en niños y adultos, con la finalidad de que los odontólogos tengan conocimiento de la enfermedad para facilitar el diagnóstico precoz y derivar al paciente a su médico. Material y método: Se revisan ensayos clínicos y revisiones realizados en los últimos 10 años, en humanos, en inglés, francés y castellano. Resultados: Tomando como base la evidencia científica, existe un aumento de la prevalencia en los defectos del esmalte dental y erupción retardada en niños con enfermedad celíaca. En los adultos las manifestaciones más frecuentes son la estomatitis aftosa recurrente y glositis atrófica, ambas de causa autoinmune. Conclusiones: No hay un consenso sobre la prevalencia de manifestaciones orales de la enfermedad celíaca. En pacientes con enfermedad celíaca se observa un aumento en la prevalencia de los defectos del esmalte dental, estomatitis aftosa recurrente (en ocasiones la primera manifestación y único signo clínico de esta enfermedad), glositis atrófica y erupción tardía. No hay evidencia científica que demuestre un aumento de caries, simplemente podría aparecer cuando hay defectos del esmalte dental. La enfermedad celíaca puede estar asociada a enfermedades sistémicas como diabetes mellitus tipo I y síndrome de Sjögren. Para las manifestaciones orales de causa autoinmune será necesario el tratamiento específico de la propia enfermedad de base y no solo una dieta libre de gluten. Hay que seguir estudiando esta enfermedad para poder detectarla de forma precoz, un correcto abordaje terapéutico y evitar las complicaciones que puede producir.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Odontologí

    Expanding congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) genetics: basonuclin 2 (BNC2) and lower urinary tract obstruction

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    his work was supported by FIS PI16/02057, PI19/00588, PI19/00815, DTS18/00032, REDinREN RD016/0009 Fondos FEDER, ERA-PerMed-JTC2018 (KIDNEY ATTACK AC18/00064 and PERSTIGAN AC18/00071), Sociedad Española de Nefrología, FRIAT, and Comunidad de Madrid B2017/BMD-3686 CIFRA2 and Rio Hortega to MV Perez-Gome

    Workflow Optimization of Kennestone Sterile Processing Department

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    Our team took on the task to create an optimization plan for the sterile processing department of Wellstar Kennestone Hospital in Marietta. It was brought to our attention that the department experiences difficulties that result in a reduction of on-time starts for surgeries. In order to increase on-time starts, our team’s primary goal was to reduce the total cycle time of instrument trays through the Sterile Process Department. The outdated system also faces the following challenges: inconsistent supply numbers, multiple supply returns, lack of organizational flow of instruments and inefficient work patterns in instrument processing. Our team made use of Six Sigma principles and Continuous Improvement tools like 5S, Kaizen events, and simulation software such as Arena Software to perform data analyses on the current system and suggest improvements. These suggestions included the enforcement of a standardized order of operations for dirty cart processing, a modified clean zone layout, and an additional cart washer to increase throughput of carts and containers. The results gathered from simulated data supported the implementation of a standardized order of operations and the modified clean zone layout but did not provide sufficient evidence to justify the investment in an additional cart washer

    Physiological responses to prolonged bed rest in humans: A compendium of research, 1981-1988

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    Clinical observations and results form more basic studies that help to elucidate the physiological mechanisms of the adaptation of humans to prolonged bed rest. If the authors' abstract or summary was appropriate, it was included. In some cases a more detailed synopsis was provided under the subheadings of purpose, methods, results, and conclusions

    Aliskiren and the dual complement inhibition concept

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    In this issue of Clinical Kidney Journal, Plasse et al. report on the use of high-dose aliskiren as an adjunct therapy in a patient treated with eculizumab for haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). This follows the recent description of the complement factor 3 (C3) activating activity of the enzyme renin and the successful therapeutic use of the direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in three cases of C3 glomerulopathy/dense deposit disease. We discuss the potential clinical and pathophysiological implications of these reports on nephropathies linked to complement, from HUS to C3 glomerulopathy to immunoglobulin A nephropathy as well as the concept of dual complement inhibition for kidney diseaseResearch by the authors was supported by FIS CP14/00133, PI16/ 02057, PI18/01366, PI19/00588, PI19/00815, DTS18/00032, ERAPerMed- JTC2018 (KIDNEY ATTACK AC18/00064 and PERSTIGAN AC18/00071, ISCIII-RETIC REDinREN RD016/0009), Fondos FEDER, FRIAT, Sociedad Española de Nefrología, Comunidad de Madrid B2017/BMD-3686 CIFRA2-CM

    Effectiveness of Commercially-Available Cosmetic Cleaners on Cosmetics and Cosmetic Brushes

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    The complex nature of skin contributes to the microbial population present on its surface. While normal skin flora is either beneficial or has no effect on the body, there are instances where pathogenic microorganisms are present and can cause infections. Damaged skin is more susceptible to infections from these microbes. Behavioral characteristics, such as the use of cosmetics, can affect the microbial population present on the skin. Staphylococcus aureus is the organism most commonly isolated from cosmetics, and it can be responsible for conjunctivitis, impetigo, boils, and folliculitis. There are many ways microbial contamination of cosmetics can occur, such as ineffective preservatives and consumer habits. With the advent of commercially-available cosmetic cleaning products, consumers may have a plausible means of reducing contamination on their cosmetics and cosmetic brushes. The objectives of this study were to determine the effectiveness of commercially-available cosmetic cleaners in reducing microbial contamination on cosmetics and cosmetic brushes. Cosmetics (i.e., eyeshadow/blush and lipstick) and large and small cosmetic brushes were inoculated with a known concentration of S. aureus, allowed a 0-, 1-, or 5-minute contact time, and treated with commercially-available cleaning products. Isopropyl alcohol and a cotton pad were compared to commercially-available sprays, wipes, and shampoos. Unused cosmetics and brushes were inoculated with the target organism, and culture analysis was used to determine the reduction of microbial concentration on cosmetics and cosmetic brushes after cleaning. On eyeshadows, the cotton pad exhibited a significantly greater reduction in microbial contamination compared to spray #2; 99.44% and 37.86%, respectively. For the lipsticks, both wipe #2 (99.77% reduction) and 70% isopropanol wipe (99.56%) had a significantly greater reduction in microbial concentration compared to the cotton pad (96.18%). For contact times, there were no statistically significant results. In addition, there were no statistically significant results for products used on the small brushes. On the large brushes, the wipes (98.01%) exhibited a greater percent reduction of microbial contamination compared to shampoos (89.92%). The results of this study demonstrate that cleaning products, regardless of contact time with the microorganisms, cleaning product type, or cleaning product brand, were effective in reducing microbial contamination on cosmetics and cosmetic brushes. These results may provide valuable information to consumers about the importance of regular maintenance of their cosmetics and cosmetic brushes

    Violencia del crimen organizado relacionada a los sectores económicos en México. Una propuesta de categorización

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    La violencia ocasionada por el crimen organizado se ha constituido como uno de los principales problemas en México en los últimos años; adicionalmente a las pérdidas humanas que ocasiona, afecta a las actividades económicas, lo cual disminuye la calidad de vida de la población. En el presente documento se presenta una clasificación de las conductas violentas que el crimen organizado realiza y que afectan a los sectores económicos en México, la cual se elaboró mediante un análisis de contenido con la ayuda del software MaxQDA. La clasificación final consiste en 17 conductas, las que son descritas identificándose el sector gubernamental que resulta ser el más afectado

    Are Secondary Disinfectants Performing as Intended?

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    In many countries, regulations do not require the use of secondary disinfectants to ensure safe drinking water. The water industry may be overly reliant on secondary disinfectants to compensate for less‐than‐ideal treatment and distribution system management. The water industry should evaluate the use of secondary disinfectants to ensure the benefits are realized and that public health goals are being met
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