Preliminary Considerations for Crime Scene Analysis in Cases of Animals Affected by Homemade Ammonium Nitrate and Aluminum Powder Anti-Personnel Landmines in Colombia: Characteristics and Effects

During the armed conflict in Colombia, homemade improvised antipersonnel landmines were used to neutralize the adversary. Many active artifacts remain buried, causing damage to biodiversity by exploding. The extensive literature describes the effects and injuries caused to humans by conventional landmines. However, there is considerably less information on the behavior and effects of homemade antipersonnel landmines on fauna and good field investigation practices. Our objectives were to describe the characteristics of a controlled explosion of a homemade antipersonnel landmine (using ammonium nitrate as an explosive substance), to compare the effectiveness of some evidence search patterns used in forensic investigation, and to determine the effects on a piece of an animal carcass. The explosion generated a shock wave and an exothermic reaction, generating physical effects on the ground and surrounding structures near the point of explosion. The amputation of the foot in direct contact with the device during the explosion and multiple fractures were the main effects on the animal carcass. Finally, it was determined that finding evidence was more effective in a smaller search area. Many factors can influence the results, which must be weighed when interpreting the results, as discussed in this manuscript.Sección Deptal. de Anatomía y Embriología (Veterinaria)Fac. de VeterinariaTRUEpu

Growth characteristics of pullets based on type of housing

The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of pullets housed in cages or floor stands. Two hundred birds were randomly sampled per house, from day one to 16 weeks of age. Birds housed on floor stands had the highest body weight and tarsus length, with high correlation between both variables, and the highest cumulative food consumption. The flock uniformity was 89% on floor and 79% in cages. Pullets housed on floor stands have a higher productive performance.El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el crecimiento de pollitas alojadas en casetas de piso o jaulas. Fueron muestreadas de forma aleatoria 200 aves por caseta, desde el día uno hasta 16 semanas de edad. Las alojadas en piso registraron el mayor peso corporal y longitud de tarso, con alta correlación entre ambas variables, y el mayor consumo acumulado de alimento. La uniformidad de la parvada fue 89% en piso y 79% en jaula. Las pollitas alojadas en piso tienen un mayor desempeño productivo.The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of pullets housed in cages or floor stands. Two hundred birds were randomly sampled per house, from day one to 16 weeks of age. Birds housed on floor stands had the highest body weight and tarsus length, with high correlation between both variables, and the highest cumulative food consumption. The flock uniformity was 89% on floor and 79% in cages. Pullets housed on floor stands have a higher productive performanc