Impact of Integrated Home-Based Care Programme on Antiretroviral Medication Adherence among Plwha: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Suboptimal Anti-Retroviral adherence is an advancing global issue.  Methodology: One-Group Pre- and Post-Test Integrated Home-Based Care intervention program with control was adopted. The validated questionnaire was used to gather information from 60 PLWHA following ethical approval and informed consent. Descriptive statistics and frequency distributions are employed in data analysis. One-tailed independent sample T-test was used to determine the impact of the intervention using percentage-change and Cohen’s Effect Size with a 5% level of significance. Validity and reliability of Instrument tested with Cronbach Alpha, 0.795. Results:  Respondents mean age was 35.38 ± 9.061, married (37.61%), females (66%) and self –employed (41.1%). Mumuye ethnic group (28.3%), Christians, 71.7% with lower educational attainments (56.6%). Control group reported predisposing factors in HIV treatment (137-point scale),  = 82.17(2.18) ±11.92 and  = 86.50(1.69) ±9.23; Reinforcing factors on 15-points scale, scored  = 9.00(0.65) ±3.65 and  = 8.87(0.69) ±3.78; Enabling factors on 15-points scale,  = 8.23(0.46) ±2.50 and  = 8.00 (0.51) ±2.77 and Self-Reported Adherence on 24-points scale,  = 16.23(0.82) ±4.49 and  = 17.87(0.91) ±4.99 at baseline and post intervention respectively for each group and adherence prevalence rate of 60.  Experimental group at baseline reported predisposing factors on 137-points scale,  = 80.90(2.77) ±15.15 and  = 97.13(8.12) ±1.48; Reinforcing factors on 15-points scale,  = 8.87(0.47) ±2.50 and  = 9.33(0.48) ±2.60; Enabling factors on 15-points scale,  = 7.23(0.41) ±2.24and  = 7.40(0.41) ±2.25 and Self-reported Adherence on 24-points scale,  = 15.98(0.57) ±4.39 and  = 23.13(0.43) ±2.37 at baseline and post intervention respectively for each group and adherence prevalence rate of 96%.  Conclusion: An integrated Home-Based Care intervention program will be more effective than the usual clinic-based program for HIV/ AIDS management. Recommendation:  An integrated Home-Based Care intervention program should be adopted for all HIV interventions

MALARIA IN PREGNANCY PREVENTION (MIPP) INFORMATION COMPREHENSION, MOTIVATION AND ADHERENCE AMONG ANTENATAL CLINIC ATTENDEES IN TARABA STATE SPECIALIST HOSPITAL,JALINGO, NIGERIA- A DESCRIPTIVE SURVEY.

Background: Malaria continues to remain a global challenge. The study assesses Malaria in Pregnancy Prevention Information Comprehension and Adherence. Methodology: A descriptive survey using the IMB model. A validated questionnaire was used to gather information from 404 ANC attendees. Descriptive statistics and frequency distributions were employed in the analysis of data and simple linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship among variables. Results: The result showed respondents' mean age of 28.74 ± 68.07, married (70%), self-employed (48.8%), Muslims (52%) of Fulani ethnic origin (25.3%), and secondary educational attainments (39.9%). Information on the 22-point scale reported a mean of 17.8 (0.1) ± 1.9 having a significant relationship with behavioral skills (r = 0.199 and R2 = 0.040), p <0.0001 and adherence (r= 0.114 and R2= 0.013), p-value <0.022; Comprehension on 74-points scale reported a mean score of 47.6 (0.6) ± 12.5. Motivation on the 40-point scale reported 28.4 (0.2) ±3.7 having a significant relationship with behavioral skills (r= 0.255, R2= 0.065), P-value= <0.0001 and Adherence (r= 0.159, R2=0.025), P-value= <0.001). Behavioral skills on a 36-point scale scored 30 (0.2) ± 3.2, having a significant relationship with Adherence (r= 0.101, R2=0.010), P value= <0.042). Adherence on 45-point scale reported 27.1 (0.3) ± 5.0. However, respondents achieved an adherence prevalence rate of 60.2% away from the minimum adherence rate of 95%.  Conclusion: Though information facilitates behavior change, this is not guaranteed. Recommendation: Motivational components should be inculcated in all behavior change interventions than the usual clinic-based counseling

PREVENTION OF MALAIRA IN PREGNANCY (PMIP) – INFORMATION COMPREHENSION, MOTIVATIOIN AND ADHEREANCE AMONGST ANTENATAL CLINIC ATTENDEES IN TARABA, NIGERIA- A DESCRIPTIVE SURVEY.

Background: Malaria constitutes grave consequences on the health of the mother and her fetus especially, in sub-Saharan Africa where the burden is most severe. Methodology: This study utilizes a descriptive survey design to optimize Malaria in Pregnancy Prevention (MIPP) Information Adherence to at least a 95% prevalence rate and improve appointment keeping to 100%. The information Motivation Behavioral skills model (IMB) was used to explain how MIPP information adherence can be achieved efficiently in malaria treatment. A validated questionnaire was used to gather information from 384 ANC attendees. This followed ethical permission from the Taraba state ministry of Health and informed consent from participants. Descriptive statistics and frequency distributions were employed in the analysis of data. Simple linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship among variables. Results: The respondents' mean age was 29.38 ± 8.73. The majority were married (88%), self-employed (40.1%), Christians (73.7%) of Kuteb ethnic origin (25.3%), and having secondary educational attainments (39.3%). A study on a 10-point scale reported the level of MIPP of malaria in pregnancy-related information, = 9.1 (0.86) ± 1.20 having a significant relationship with adherence (p<0.001); comprehension on a 40-point scale reported  =33.2 (0.43) ±8.43 also having a significant relationship with adherence (p<0.001): motivation on 18-points scale, scored, =13.5(14.4)  ±2.8) having a significant relationship with the outcome variable (p<0.001) and self-ported adherence on a 32-points scale, scored  = 21.6 (0.36) ±6.99 Conclusion: Information is important but does not guarantee behavior change. Recommendation: Information should be accompanied by motivational components, to be more effective than the usual clinic-based health talk