A new estimation method for mass of an isolated neutron star using gravitational waves

We investigate a possibility of estimating mass of an isolated rapidly rotating neutron star (NS) from a continuous gravitational wave (GW) signal emitted by the NS. When the GW passes through the gravitational potential of the NS, the GW takes a slightly longer time to travel to an observer than it does in the absence of the NS. Such a time dilation effect holds also for photons and is often referred to as the gravitational time delay (or the Shapiro time delay). Correspondingly, the phase of the GW from the NS shifts due to the Coulomb type gravitational potential of the NS, and the resulting logarithmic phase shift depends on the mass, the spin frequency of the NS, and the distance to the NS. We show that the NS mass can, in principle, be obtained by making use of the phase shift difference between two modes of the continuous GW such as once and twice spin frequency modes induced by a freely precessing NS or a NS containing a pinned superfluid core. We estimate the measurement accuracy of the NS mass using Monte Carlo simulations and find that the mass of the NS with its ellipticity $10^{-6}$ at 1 kpc is typically measurable with an accuracy $20$ using Einstein Telescope.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

Anchored Lagrangian submanifolds and their Floer theory

We introduce the notion of (graded) anchored Lagrangian submanifolds and use it to study the filtration of Floer' s chain complex. We then obtain an anchored version of Lagrangian Floer homology and its (higher) product structures. They are somewhat different from the more standard non-anchored version. The anchored version discussed in this paper is more naturally related to the variational picture of Lagrangian Floer theory and so to the likes of spectral invariants. We also discuss rationality of Lagrangian submanifold and reduction of the coefficient ring of Lagrangian Floer cohomology of thereof.Comment: 40 page

Kuranishi structure, Pseudo-holomorphic curve, and virtual fundamental chain: Part 2

This article is the second part of the article we promised to write at the end of Section 1 of [FOOO15] (arXiv:1209.4410). (Part I appeared in [Part I] (arXiv:1503.07631).) We discuss the foundation of the virtual fundamental chain and cycle technique, especially its version that appeared in [FOn] and also in Section A1, Section 7.5 [FOOO4], Section 12 [FOOO7], [Fu2]. This article is independent of our earlier writing [FOOO15]. We also do not assume that the readers have any knowledge on the pseudo-holomorphic curve. In this second part, we consider a system of spaces with Kuranishi structures (abbreviated as a K-system) and its simultaneous perturbations.Comment: 277 pages, many figures, content index include

Exponential decay estimates and smoothness of the moduli space of pseudoholomorphic curves

In this paper, we examine the dependence of standard gluing process for pseudoholomorphic curves under the change of the length $T$ of the neck-region with respect to the cylindrical metrics associated to the given analytic coordinates near the punctures in the setting of bordered open Riemann surface with boundary punctures. We establish exponential decay of the $T$-derivatives of the $T$-dependent family of glued solutions under the change of the length $T$ of the neck-region in a precise manner. This exponential decay estimate is an important ingredient to prove the smoothness of the Kuranishi structure constructed on the compactified moduli space of pseudoholomorphic curves given in the appendix of the authors' book. We also demonstrate the way how this smoothness follows from the exponential decay.Comment: 111 pages, 17 figure

Lagrangian Floer theory over integers: spherically positive symplectic manifolds

In this paper we study the Lagrangian Floer theory over $\Z$ or $\Z_2$. Under an appropriate assumption on ambient symplectic manifold, we show that the whole story of Lagrangian Floer theory in \cite{fooo-book} can be developed over $\Z_2$ coefficients, and over $\Z$ coefficients when Lagrangian submanifolds are relatively spin. The main technical tools used for the construction are the notion of the sheaf of groups, and stratification and compatibility of the normal cones applied to the Kuranishi structure of the moduli space of pseudo-holomorphic discs.Comment: 68 pages; 4 figures; v2) 72 pages, to appearin the special issue of Pure and Applied Mathematics Quarterly dedicated to Denis Sullivan's 70th birthda

Displacement of polydisks and Lagrangian Floer theory

There are two purposes of the present article. One is to correct an error in the proof of Theorem 6.1.25 in \cite{fooo:book}, from which Theorem J \cite{fooo:book} follows. In the course of doing so, we also obtain a new lower bound of the displacement energy of polydisks in general dimension. The results of the present article are motivated by the recent preprint of Hind \cite{hind} where the 4 dimensional case is studied. Our proof is different from Hind's even in the 4 dimensional case and provides stronger result, and relies on the study of torsion thresholds of Floer cohomology of Lagrangian torus fiber in simple toric manifolds associated to the polydisks.Comment: 28 page

Lagrangian Floer theory and mirror symmetry on compact toric manifolds

In this paper we study Lagrangian Floer theory on toric manifolds from the point of view of mirror symmetry. We construct a natural isomorphism between the Frobenius manifold structures of the (big) quantum cohomology of the toric manifold and of Saito's theory of singularities of the potential function constructed in \cite{fooo09} via the Floer cohomology deformed by ambient cycles. Our proof of the isomorphism involves the open-closed Gromov-Witten theory of one-loop.Comment: 292 pages, 23 figures; final version in Asterisque, vol 376, 2016, Societe Mathematique de Franc

Technical details on Kuranishi structure and virtual fundamental chain

This is an expository article on the theory of Kuranishi structure and is based on a series of pdf files we uploaded for the discussion of the google group named `Kuranishi' (with its administrator H. Hofer). There we replied to several questions concerning Kuranishi structure raised by K. Wehrheim. At this stage we submit this article to the e-print arXiv, all the questions or objections asked in that google group were answered, supplemented or confuted by us. We first discuss the abstract theory of Kuranishi structure and virtual fundamental chain/cycle. This part can be read independently from other parts. We then describe the construction of Kuranishi structure on the moduli space of pseudoholomorphic curves, including the complete analytic detail of the gluing construction as well as the smoothness of the resulting Kuranishi structure. The case of S^1 equivariant Kuranishi structure which appears in the study of time independent Hamiltonian and the moduli space of Floer's equation is included.Comment: 257 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1208.1340 by other author

Kuranishi structure, Pseudo-holomorphic curve, and Virtual fundamental chain: Part 1

This is the first part of the article we promised at the end of [FOOO13, Section 1]. We discuss the foundation of the virtual fundamental chain and cycle technique, especially its version appeared in [FOn] and also in [FOOO4, Section A1, Section 7.5], [FOOO7, Section 12], [Fu2]. In Part 1, we focus on the construction of the virtual fundamental chain on a single space with Kuranishi structure. We mainly discuss the de Rham version and so work over $\mathbb R$-coefficients, but we also include a self-contained account of the way how to work over $\mathbb Q$-coefficients in case the dimension of the space with Kuranishi structure is $\le 1$. Part 1 of this document is independent of our earlier writing [FOOO13]. We also do not assume the reader have any knowledge on the pseudo-holomorphic curve, in Part 1. Part 2 (resp. Part 3), which will appear in the near future, discusses the case of a system of Kuranishi structures and its simultaneous perturbations (resp. the way to implement the abstract story in the study of moduli spaces of pseudo-holomorphic curves).Comment: 203 pages, contentindex include

Lagrangian Floer theory on compact toric manifolds: survey

This article is a survey of a series of papers [FOOO3,FOOO4,FOOO5] in which we developed the method of calculation of Floer cohomology of Lagrangian torus orbits in compact toric manifolds, and its applications to symplectic topology and to mirror symmetry. In this article we summarize the main ingredients of calculation and illustrate them by examples. The second half of the survey is devoted to discussion of the most recent result from [FOOO5] (arXiv:1009.1648) where the mirror symmetry between the two Frobenius manifolds arising from the big quantum cohomology and from the K. Saito theory of singularities was established.Comment: 60 pages, 5 figure