Studies of multiphase distribution and flow in bubble/ slurry bubble columns with /without internals and advanced sustainable construction materials using sophisticated measurement techniques

Bubble/slurry bubble columns have been widely studied and employed as multiphase flow reactors with and without vertical heat-exchanging tubes. In order to understand more deeply the effect of the dense internals on the hydrodynamics of bubble/slurry bubble column, systematic experiments were performed to visualize and quantify using the radioactive particle tracking (RPT) technique. A new methodology for implementing the radioactive particle tracking (RPT) technique has been developed to investigate the effect of the dense internals on the hydrodynamics of the bubble/slurry column reactor. Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) simulation has been implemented to simulate the system to generate a large number of calibration points to reconstruct the instantaneous positions of the radioactive particle using the similarity algorithm. The reliable data can help evaluate and validate the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models to predict the hydrodynamic parameters involved in bubble/slurry bubble column reactors. Moreover, a new hybrid measurement technique was developed and employed to study line-averaged three-phase holdup distribution in a Slurry Bubble Column Reactor (SBCR) using gamma-ray densitometry (GRD) and point optical fiber probe (OFP) techniques. The obtained results indicated that increasing the solids loading increased the solid holdup and decreased the liquid holdup. However, the gamma-ray computed tomography (γ-CT) technique has been employed to investigate the aggregate distribution/dispersion in self-consolidating concrete (SCC) as advanced sustainable construction materials and to evaluate the gamma-ray shielding properties of concrete in nuclear applications. --Abstract, page iv

Prevention and settlement of trade disputes in private sectors in Malaysia / Mohd. Farid Omar

Industrial law has been the subject of as a rapid transformation as can have happened to any legal subject in recent times, and is certainly one of the most difficult areas of law in which to keep up to date. In some ways it is a curious mixture of ancient and modem, for much old laws lie behind or at the base of new statutory law, and in some cases the old law continues to exist alongside the new. Much of the industrial relations system is rooted in the past. A brief knowledge of its history and its development is indispensible for an understanding of the present situation

Thixotropy of reactive suspensions: application to white portland cement suspensions.

Portland cement pastes are concentrated suspensions consisting of two interacting phases: solid and reactive with the binder and liquid with the water and its admixtures. The solid particles are composed of calcium silicate and aluminate phases, which once dispersed in water lead to strong ionic dissolution, saturation and precipitation of surface layers, followed by a period of low reactivity called dormant period. During this period hydrate products nucleate and grow to form portlandite, ettringite and CSH gel followed by a faster hydration process known as acceleration period. In the dormant period the consistency is workable until the ions precipitation starts the suspension setting

Knowledge of breast cancer and its risk factors among Al-Quds university students in Palestine

Background: Cancer is a major public health problem globally. The incidence of cancer is escalating rapidly in many low- and middle-income countries like Palestine due to the epidemiological transition. This could be due to lack of awareness, knowledge and beliefs about breast cancer and its management among females. Aims and objectives was to determine knowledge of breast cancer risk factors, symptoms and early detection methods among Al-Quds University female students.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 6 months in Al-Quds University. Study population was 332 female university students. Data was collected by using self-administered questionnaire.Results: The most widely known risk factors by the students were old age 62.7%, followed by obesity 44% and never being pregnant 30.7%. Approximately half of the students (48.8%) identified breast lump as a symptom for breast cancer. However, non lump symptoms were less known and less than half were aware of other warning signs. Only 48.5 % of students identified correctly the appropriate time to perform breast self examination.Conclusions: The findings of this study showed a low level of knowledge on breast cancer risk factors, early warning signs and BSE among female university students. Therefore, effective educational programs are required to improve the knowledge level of university students regarding breast cancer and related practices

Knowledge of breast cancer and its risk factors among Al-Quds university students in Palestine

Background: Cancer is a major public health problem globally. The incidence of cancer is escalating rapidly in many low- and middle-income countries like Palestine due to the epidemiological transition. This could be due to lack of awareness, knowledge and beliefs about breast cancer and its management among females. Aims and objectives was to determine knowledge of breast cancer risk factors, symptoms and early detection methods among Al-Quds University female students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 6 months in Al-Quds University. Study population was 332 female university students. Data was collected by using self-administered questionnaire. Results: The most widely known risk factors by the students were old age 62.7%, followed by obesity 44% and never being pregnant 30.7%. Approximately half of the students (48.8%) identified breast lump as a symptom for breast cancer. However, non lump symptoms were less known and less than half were aware of other warning signs. Only 48.5 % of students identified correctly the appropriate time to perform breast self examination. Conclusions: The findings of this study showed a low level of knowledge on breast cancer risk factors, early warning signs and BSE among female university students. Therefore, effective educational programs are required to improve the knowledge level of university students regarding breast cancer and related practices.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Authors would like to thank the support of the department of nursing during proposal conception and the students that participated in the study. Funding: No funding sources Conflict of interest: None declared Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Al-Quds Universit

La construcción lingüistica en las letras de la música de los raperos salteños y la recepción de su público cercano

La investigación que se realiza tiene como problemática identificar los recursos lingüísticos que utilizan los raperos salteños Sandoval, Ezequiel, Barrionuevo, Yamila y Escandell Britos, Javier a la hora de componer sus canciones. Además, se busca conocer el modo de recepción por parte del público cercano de estos artistas y cuáles son los roles de los mismos al escuchar estas canciones. En cuanto al objetivo general se busca analizar los recursos lingüísticos en las composiciones musicales de raperos salteños y el rol del público cercano como destinatario. De acuerdo a los objetivos específicos, en primer lugar, se descomponen y examinan sus canciones a través de un análisis de los recursos retóricos. Con respecto al segundo término, se identifican los recursos lingüísticos implementados en las composiciones de raperos salteños. El tercer objetivo será determinar los modos de recepción por parte del público de estos artistas, que consumen su arte y, por último, describir el rol del público cercano como destinatario. La construcción de este trabajo, se lleva a cabo a partir de una investigación de tipo cualitativa. Mediante las categorizaciones y elementos de análisis e investigación explicados anteriormente, se realiza un desglosamiento de los discursos musicales para lograr determinar los recursos teóricos a encontrar. Por otro lado, se busca conocer en detalle los modelos de recepción y sus roles a través de la entrevista como forma de complementación para la información a hallar para la aprobación de los supuestos de conocimiento. The problem of the research being carried out is to identify the linguistic resources used by rappers from Salta Sandoval, Ezequiel, Barrionuevo, Yamila and Escandell Britos, Javier when composing their songs. In addition, it will seek to know the way in which these artists are received by the public and what their roles are when listening to these songs. Regarding the general objective, it will seek to analyze the linguistic resources in the musical compositions of rappers from Salta and the role of the public as a target. According to the specific objectives, in the first place, they will seek to decompose and examine their songs through an analysis. Regarding the second term, the linguistic resources implemented in the compositions of rappers from Salta will be identified. The third objective will be to determine the modes of reception by the public of these artists, who consume their art and, finally, to describe the role of the public as a recipient. The construction of this work is carried out from a qualitative research. Through the categorizations and elements of analysis and research explained above, a breakdown of musical discourses is made to determine the theoretical resources to be found. On the other hand, it seeks to know in detail the reception models and their roles through the interview as a form of complementation for the information to be found for the approval of the knowledge assumptions.Fil: Herrera, Fernanda. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Artes y Ciencias; Argentina.Fil: Gómez, Farid Omar. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Artes y Ciencias; Argentina

PENGARUH TINGKAT PENAMBAHAN PROBIOTIK LACTOBACILLUS SALIVARIUS TERENKAPSULASI DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP KONVERSI PAKAN DAN BIAYA PAKAN PERKILOGRAM TELUR PADA PUYUH PERIODE LAYER

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan probiotik enkapsulasi Lactobacillus salivarius kedalam pakan komersial terhadap nilai konversi pakan dan biaya pakan perkilogram telur burung puyuh. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Probiotik terenkapsulasi dari spesies Lactobacillus salivarius dan burung puyuh betina umur 4 bulan sebanyak 320 ekor. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan apabila berpengaruh dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Perlakuan P0= pakan komersial tanpa probiotik, P1=pakan komersial + 0,2 % probiotik, P2= pakan komersial + 0,4 %, probiotik dan P3= pakan komersial + 0,6 % probiotik. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa penambahan probiotik enkapsulasi Lactobacillus salivarius  terenkapsulasi berpengaruh sangat nyata (p<0,01) terhadap konversi pakan dan biaya pakan perkilogram telur. Rata-rata nilai konversi pakan yaitu perlakuan P0 :3.10b, perlakuan P1 : 3.03b, perlakuan P2 : 2.78ab, dan perlakuan P3 : 2.55a. Rata-rata biaya perkilogram telur yaitu: perlakuan P0 :18313.39b, perlakuan P1 : 18107.66b, perlakuan P2 : 16809.06ab, dan perlakuan P3 : 15619.81a. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu semakin tinggi tingkat penambahan probiotik Lactobacillus salivarius terenkapsulasi dalam pakan burung puyuh periode layer menurunkan nilai konversi pakan dan menurunkan biaya pakan (Rp) perkilogram telur puyuh

Analysis of Price Forecasting and Spatial Co-Integration of Banana in Bangladesh

The study was conducted for understanding the present situation of marketing system of banana in different hilly  regions of Bangladesh.The objectives of the study were to estimate costs and margins, to test market integration, and price forecasting of Banana. Secondary data was used for this study. So the farmers of Bangladesh who are still suffering from indecision about the future prices of banana, should come forward to fruits farming as the analysis provides a positive insights for fruits cultivation. Engle Granger co-integration test was used to examine the market integration. Analysis of market integration shows that banana market in Bangladesh was well integrated except hilly region of Bangladesh it’s due to lack of well transportation and communication system in hilly region. The study identified some problems related to transportation facilities, lack of agro-processing industries, low prices and natural calamities aspects and suggested some measures for solving these problems. Key words: ARIMA model, Engle Granger co-integration, Price forecasting, Market integration, Banana

FC/Battery Power Management for Electric Vehicle Based Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter Topology

International audienceDue to the fact that the environmental issues have become more serious recently, interest in renewable energy systems, such as, fuel-cells (FCs) has increased steadfastly. Among many types of FCs, proton exchange membrane FC (PEMFC) is one of the most promising power sources due to its advantages, such as, low operation temperature, high power density and low emission. However, using only PEMFC for electric vehicle may not be feasible to satisfy the peak demand changes especially during accelerations and braking. So, hybridizing PEMFC and an energy storage system (ESS) decreases the FC cost and improves its performance and life. Battery (B) appears to be the most powerful candidate to hybridize with PEMFC for vehicular applications. Therefore, the performance of PEMFC/B hybridization is limited considerably by the performance of the converter. Thus, a suitable dc-dc converter topology is required. Various isolated and nonisolated converter topologies for FC applications have been proposed in literature. The objective of this study is to design and simulate a fuel cell - interleaved boost dc-dc converter (FC-IBC) for hybrid power systems in electric vehicle application, in order to decrease the FC current ripple. Therefore Energetic efficiency can also be improved. A control strategy capable of determining the desired FC power and keeps the dc voltage around its nominal value by supplying propulsion power and recuperating braking energy is designed and tested with an urbane electric vehicle model

An Improved MPPT Interleaved Boost Converter for Solar Electric Vehicle Application

International audienceAn interleaved boost dc/dc converter is developed featuring smaller input/output filters, faster dynamic response and lower device stress than conventional designs, for solar electric vehicle (SEV) applications. The converter is connected between the photovoltaic power generation and dc bus in a multisource energy storage system of a SEV. Typically, interleaved converters require a current control loop to reduce the input current ripples, the output voltage ripples, and the size of passive components with high efficiency. A Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller for a Photovoltaic (PV) solar system associated to backup source (Battery) guarantees an uninterrupted power supply and assist the propulsion of the vehicle during transients and recover energy during regenerative braking. The design, construction, and testing of an experimental hardware p rototype is presented, with the test results included