Stable Self-homotopy Groups of Complex Projective Plane

We compute the stable homotopy group Gk(CP2) = &#931;kCP2,CP2} of the complex projective plane CP2 for k &#8804; 20 by using the exact sequence associated with canonical cofiber sequence and Toda bracket.</p

Management of postoperative atrial fibrillation

The impact of postoperative atrial fibrillation (PAF) on patient outcomes has prompted intense investigation into the optimal methods for prevention and treatment of this complication. In the prevention of PAF, β-blockers and amiodarone are particularly effective and are recommended by guidelines. However, their use requires caution due to the possibility of drug-related adverse effects. Aside from these risks, perioperative prophylactic treatment with statins seems to be effective for preventing PAF and is associated with a low incidence of adverse effects. PAF can be treated by rhythm control, heart-rate control, and antithrombotic therapy. For the purpose of heart rate control, β-blockers, calcium-channel antagonists, and amiodarone are used. In patients with unstable hemodynamics, cardioversion may be performed for rhythm control. Antithrombotic therapy is used in addition to heart-rate maintenance therapy in cases of PAF >48-h duration or in cases with a history of cerebrovascular thromboembolism. Anticoagulation is the first choice for antithrombotic therapy, and anticoagulation management should focus on maintaining international normalized ratio (INRs) in the 2.0–3.0 range in patients <75 years of age, whereas prothrombin-time INR should be controlled to the 1.6–2.6 range in patients ≥75 years of age. In the future, dabigatran could be used for perioperative management of PAF, because it does not require regular monitoring and has a quick onset of action with short serum half-life. Preventing PAF is an important goal and requires specific perioperative management as well as other approaches. PAF is also associated with lifestyle-related diseases, which emphasizes the ongoing need for appropriate lifestyle management in individual patients

1960年代における新構想大学創設に向けた「計画」のキャッチアップ

本稿は，1960年代の新構想大学創設に向けた政策形成過程に着目し，1957年科学技術者養成拡充計画に端を発する高等教育計画が，文部省と経済企画庁の調査局による情報提供に加え，ユネスコやOECDの国際機関，イギリスのロビンズ報告，アメリカのカリフォルニア州高等教育計画などの影響を受けて，欧米の「計画planning」をキャッチアップしながら洗練化していった様相を明らかし，その到達点と課題を考察することを目的とする。1960年の経済審議会による国民所得倍増計画と，国際的な経済発展に伴う教育計画の高まりを背景に1963年中教審三八答申の審議が進められ，1967年の四六答申諮問後，1970年１月の「高等教育の改革に関する基本構想試案」において長期総合計画の原型が確立され，その後公聴会などの意見聴取による修正を経て1971年の答申に至った。この時期には中教審と並行して，東京教育大学内部でもカリフォルニア大学の「クラスター・カレッジ制度」の影響を受けた新構想大学のプランが立案され，1970年筑波研究学園都市法を経て，1973年筑波大学関連法に結実し開学に至った。しかし，同年の第一\次石油ショックを契機に修正を迫られた1976年からの高等教育計画では，私立大学の抑制を政策的に誘導することに計画の重点が置かれ，人材需要に対応する新構想大学の拡充は例外として扱われるにとどまった

Factors Contributing to Dismal Performance in Mathematics among Secondary School Girls in Nyamira County, Kenya

A good mathematics education is salient to scientific and technological development. The Kenya National Examinations Council evaluates the performance of students through the examinations it offers. Evaluation of the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Examinations has revealed that girls do not perform well in mathematics. Girl child education world-wide provides benefits to the family and the society at large. Thus dismal performance in mathematics by the girl child should be addressed for the sake of scientific and technological development of any country and Kenya in particular. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors contributing to dismal performance in mathematics among secondary school girls in Borabu Division, Nyamira District. The investigation employed Ex-post facto research design. The population was 714 (700 girls, 7 teachers and 7 head teachers).Out of this population, a sample of 154 respondents were selected which included 140 girls, 7 mathematics teachers and 7 head teachers. The samples were done purposively which included 1 mathematics teacher from each sampled school. The head teachers of the 7 sampled schools were involved in the study purposively. 5 girls were randomly selected from each form from forms 1-4. Data was collected from the head teachers, mathematics teachers and the secondary school girls by use of questionnaires and interview schedules. The researcher used statistical package for social sciences (S.P.S.S 11.5) in data analysis. Descriptive statistics involving frequencies and percentages were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study indicate that inadequacy of mathematics teachers, societal gender stereotypes, influence from peers, attitudes of girls towards mathematics, girl’s low levels of aspiration and inadequate resources for teaching contributed to the dismal performance in mathematics by secondary school girls in Borabu division. Many respondents recommended that the attitudes held by majority of the girls in secondary schools about mathematics needs to be changed. The same study be carried out in the same area or a similar region for the findings are of great significance to the girl child, human development and the nations’ scientific and technological development. Keywords: Dismal, Performance, Aspiration, Attitudes, Facilities, Gender, Stereotype

Pre-Marital Counseling and Marital Conflicts Among Christian Couples in Sameta Sub County, Kisii County

The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between premarital counseling and marital conflict among Christian couples in Sameta Sub County, Kisii Count, and Kenya. The sample size of the study was 400 respondents based on total population of approximately 20,000 spouses married couples in the study area. Descriptive, correlation and cross sectional research designs were using structural questionnaire and interview guide were used as research instruments. Data was analyzed using both descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and Pearson correlation and multi-regression analysis. Based on a 5-likert scale measure, it was found that, premarital counseling was assessed as high (grand mean = 3.49. std. = 1.12) and marital conflict (grand mean =3.60. std. = 1.15) was also high. Premarital counseling and marital conflict among Christian couples were significantly associated (r=-0.310. p 0.035). Dimensions of premarital counseling communication (b = -0.027. p =0.034): financial counseling (b = -0.034. p = 0.027): sexuality (b=-0.030, p = 0.039): biblical counseling (b -: -0.023. p = 0.045) were found to be significance contributing factors that control marital conflicts among married Christian couples in the stud) area. The dimensions in-laws (b = -0.001 p = 0.067: parenting (b = -0.021 p = 0.053), anatomy &amp; physiology (b = -0.006. p = 0.072) were not found to be significance contributing factors to marital conflicts

Effects of Depolarizing Intervening Galaxies on Background Radio Emission I. Global Disk Magnetic Field

External galaxies often intervene in front of background radio sources such as quasars and radio galaxies. Linear polarization of the background emission is depolarized by Faraday rotation of inhomogeneous magnetized plasma of the intervening galaxies. Exploring the depolarizing intervening galaxies (DINGs) can be a powerful tool to investigate the cosmological evolution of the galactic magnetic field. In this paper, we investigate the effects of DINGs on background radio emission using theoretical DING models. We find that complex structures of galaxy result in complicated depolarization features and the Faraday dispersion functions (FDFs), but, for the features of depolarizations and FDFs, the global component of magnetic fields is important. We show the simplest results with ring magnetic field in the galactic disk. We find that the degree of depolarization significantly depends on the inclination angle and the impact parameter of the DING. We found that the larger the standard deviation, the more likely it is that depolarization will occur. The FDF represents the RM structure within the beam. The FDF exhibits multi-components due mainly to the RM structure within the beam and the fraction of the DING that covers the background emission (the filling factor). The peak Faraday depth of the FDF is different from the beam-averaged RM of the DING. The Monte-Carlo simulations indicate that DING's contribution to the standard deviation of observed RMs follows $\sigma_{\rm RM} \propto 1/{(1+z)^k}$ with $k \sim 2.7$ and exhibits a steeper redshift dependence than the wavelength squared. DINGs will have a significant impact on RM catalogs created by future survey projects such as the SKA and SKA Precursor/Pathfinder.Comment: 30 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in PAS

Talent Engagement Approaches and Competitiveness Among Five Star Hotels in Nairobi City County, Kenya

The study sought to establish talent engagement approaches and competitiveness among five-star hotels in Nairobi city county, Kenya. Engagement is a heightened emotion and intellectual connection that talent has for their job, organisation, executives, or co-workers that influence them to apply additional discretionary effort to their work. Talent engagement is a challenge for many business organisations worldwide, as there is evidence that the number of employees giving full discretionary effort is falling. This has led to weak hospitality product diversification and differentiation in economies, including Kenya, which negatively impacts competitive advantage. The study adopted a quantitative research design. Respondents were talent and training executives upon whom structured questionnaires were administered. Data analysis was done using; descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation through Spearman’s Rank correlation and multiple linear regression analyses. A bivariate correlation between each approach of the talent engagement against competitiveness among five-star hotels in Nairobi City County revealed very weak and weak negative association except psychological contract. The results implied that hotels had not embraced talent engagement through an exclusive approach of talent management but through inclusive talent management which is basically human resources management. Multiple linear regressions analysis revealed that psychological contract was the most critical approach. The H0, ‘there is no significant relationship between talent engagement approaches adopted, and competitiveness of five–star hotels in Nairobi City County’ was rejected. Keywords: Talent Management, Talent, Engagement, Motivation, Commitment, and Competitiveness DOI: 10.7176/JTHS/54-04 Publication date: February 28th 202

QUALITY IMPLICATIONS OF LEARNING INFRASTRUCTURE ON PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY EDUCATION: A SMALL SCALE STUDY OF A COUNTY IN KENYA

Learning infrastructure is a key base for effective teaching and learning in schools. The infrastructure forms a very important component in ensuring successful education. The purpose of the study was to evaluate quality implications of learning infrastructure on secondary education in a County in Kenya. The objective of the study was to explore the quality implications of learning infrastructure on secondary education. The study employed the Production Function Theory. The study adopted sequential explanatory design that was employed within mixed methods approach. The target population constituted of 334 principals, 334 senior teachers and 9 education officers. The sample size constituted of 181 principals 181 senior teachers selected through stratified random sampling technique and 9 education officers selected by saturated sampling technique. Instruments for data collection were questionnaires, interview schedule. Reliability was determined by piloting through the split-half method. The reliability index for the instrument was 0.826. Quantitative data for the study was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. On the concern about educational facilities; library had the highest Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (PMCC) of (r = .832, p=.001), this was followed by a correlation of .800 for laboratory. This shows that they had a positive association in the model of educational facilities. Further; there were also positive correlations of .730, .716 and .715 for administration offices and water, administration offices and classroom, laboratory and classroom respectively. This study finding might assist in decision making to the Ministry of Education and all other stakeholders in education in implementing policies that might ensure provision of educational infrastructure for quality education. This study recommends that the Ministry of Education (MoE) and schools revisit their policies related to provision of safety measures and work towards their implementation.  Article visualizations

Conceptualisation of Talent Management on Promotion of Competitiveness Among Five–Star Hotels in Nairobi City County, Kenya

The study sought to explore the conceptualisation of talent management (TM) on promoting competitiveness among five–star hotels in Nairobi City County, Kenya. There is a lack of unanimous conceptualisation of talent management. Organisations either lean to exclusive or inclusive conceptualisations. The exclusive approach has been touted as the source of competitive advantage; while the inclusive approach has been observed to lack the sharpness of influencing competitive advantage. Similarly, Kenya's hospitality industry faces TM challenges that impede it from acquiring, developing, and retaining high potentials, high performers, or talent with critical knowledge, skills, and abilities to create competitive advantage. There is insufficient literature about the nature of TM approach adopted in Kenya's hospitality industry and its relationship to competitive advantage. These aspects formed the basis of the cuurent study. Data analysis was done through thematic analysis with the help of the QSR NVivo 10 Analysis Package. Findings indicated that hotels did not have a unanimous definition of TM. This meant that TM was adopted differently across the hospitality industry in Kenya. Findings also revealed that approximately 58% of the five-star hotels in Nairobi City County conceptualised talent management based on the exclusive perspectives which TM researchers found to create competitive advantages for organisations. However, approximately 42% of the hotels that leaned towards an inclusive viewpoint were less likely to draw competitive benefits created by talent management. The majority of the informants who adopted the exclusive perspective approach of talent management indicated that they created competitive resources. In contrast, less than 50% of those that adopted an inclusive approach thought that talent management did not influence the competitiveness of the five-star hotels in Nairobi City County. Keywords: Talent management, Exclusive approach, Inclusive approach, and Competitiveness DOI: 10.7176/JTHS/54-03 Publication date: February 28th 202