From scalar to string confinement

We outline a connection between scalar quark confinement, a phenomenologically successful concept heretofore lacking fundamental justification, and QCD. Although scalar confinement does not follow from QCD, there is an interesting and close relationship between them. We develop a simple model intermediate between scalar confinement and the QCD string for illustrative purposes. Finally, we find the bound state masses of scalar, time-component vector, and string confinement analytically through semi-classical quantization.Comment: ReVTeX, 9 pages, 5 figure

Anomalous finite-size effect in superconducting Josephson junction arrays

We report large-scale simulations of the resistively-shunted Josephson junction array in strip geometry. As the strip width increases, the voltage first decreases following the dynamic scaling ansatz proposed by Minnhagen {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 74}, 3672 (1995)], and then rises towards the asymptotic value predicted by Ambegaokar {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 40}, 783 (1978)]. The nonmonotonic size-dependence is attributed to shortened life time of free vortices in narrow strips, and points to the danger of single-scale analysis applied to a charge-neutral superfluid state.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Analytic Quantization of the QCD String

We perform an analytic semi-classical quantization of the straight QCD string with one end fixed and a massless quark on the other, in the limits of orbital and radial dominant motion. We compare our results to the exact numerical semi-classical quantization. We observe that the numerical semi-classical quantization agrees well with our exact numerical canonical quantization.Comment: RevTeX, 10 pages, 9 figure

\u3cem\u3eIn Situ\u3c/em\u3e Rumen Degradability of Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars Differing in Ploidy and Heading Date in Ireland

Grazed grass is the predominant feed in Irish dairy and beef cattle production systems. Knowledge of the degradability characteristics of protein in Irish forages is necessary for the establishment of protein values (PDIE and PDIN values) for these. This knowledge would also facilitate more accurate formulation of supplements for grass diets with the potential to reduce nitrogen (N) excretion

Magnetic-field dependence of dynamical vortex response in two-dimensional Josephson junction arrays and superconducting films

The dynamical vortex response of a two-dimensional array of the resistively shunted Josephson junctions in a perpendicular magnetic field is inferred from simulations. It is found that, as the magnetic field is increased at a fixed temperature, the response crosses over from normal to anomalous, and that this crossover can be characterized by a single dimensionless parameter. It is described how this crossover should be reflected in measurements of the complex impedance for Josephson junction arrays and superconducting films.Comment: 4 pages including 5 figures in two columns, final versio

Light-ion production in the interaction of 96 MeV neutrons with oxygen

Double-differential cross sections for light-ion (p, d, t, He-3 and alpha) production in oxygen, induced by 96 MeV neutrons are reported. Energy spectra are measured at eight laboratory angles from 20 degrees to 160 degrees in steps of 20 degrees. Procedures for data taking and data reduction are presented. Deduced energy-differential and production cross sections are reported. Experimental cross sections are compared to theoretical reaction model calculations and experimental data at lower neutron energies in the literature. The measured proton data agree reasonably well with the results of the model calculations, whereas the agreement for the other particles is less convincing. The measured production cross sections for protons, deuterons, tritons and alpha particles support the trends suggested by data at lower energies.Comment: 21 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.