Crise psicológica do universitário e trancamento geral de matrícula por motivo de saúde

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, 2007.Este trabalho aborda o adoecimento psíquico entre estudantes universitários e sua relação com a queda no rendimento acadêmico. Primeiramente discute sobre a problemática da evasão, gastos públicos com o estudante universitário, e apresenta um levantamento dos Trancamentos Gerais de Matrícula (TGM) na Universidade de Brasília, considerando-se TGM como um dos eventos que antecede a evasão. A seguir, apresenta os conceitos de crise, estresse em universitários através dos eventos de vida, e a fase de desenvolvimento característica da maioria dos estudantes universitários: o adulto emergente. Participaram desse estudo 40 estudantes que solicitaram TGM justificado por motivo de saúde. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos participantes apresentou dificuldade emocional significativa com transtorno mental, que interferiu no desempenho acadêmico. Os estressores encontrados foram de ordem pessoal, relacional, ambiental e acadêmica. A formação da identidade estava prejudicada. Os mecanismos de enfrentamento dos estudantes em TGM encontravam-se em falência, alguns apresentaram risco de suicídio, e o atendimento especializado encontrado era deficiente. Os resultados indicaram intervenção e uso de estratégias de intervenção precoce de risco. ________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis work approaches the psychic sicken among university students and their relation with the fall in the academic income. First it argues on the relation problematic of the evasion, the public expenses with the university student, and presents a survey of the General Closures of Registration (GCR) in the University of Brasilia - Brasil, considering GCR as one of the events that the evasion precedes. To follow it presents the crisis concepts, stress in university students through the life events, and the characteristic phase of development of the majority of the university students: the emerging adulthood. This study had the participation of 40 students who had requested GCR justified for health reason. The data had collected by mean of half-structuralized interview. The results had indicated that the majority of the participants presented significant emotional difficulty with mental disorders that intervened with the academic performance. The joined stressors had of personal, relational, environmental and academic order. The formation of the identity was harmed. The mechanisms of facing of the university students in GCR met in failure, some had presented suicide risk, and the specialized support found was deficient. The results had indicated intervention and use of strategies of precocious intervention of risk

Sífilis congênita na maternidade do Hospital Universitário - UFSC

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Curso de Medicina. Departamento de Pediatria

Biomonitoring of firefighting forces: a review on biomarkers of exposure to health-relevant pollutants released from fires

Occupational exposure as a firefighter has recently been classified as a carcinogen to humans by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Biomonitoring has been increasingly used to characterize exposure of firefighting forces to contaminants. However, available data are dispersed and information on the most relevant and promising biomarkers in this context of firefighting is missing. This review presents a comprehensive summary and critical appraisal of existing biomar-kers of exposure including volatile organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, several other persistent other organic pollutants as well as heavy metals and metalloids detected in biological fluids of firefighters attending different fire scenarios. Urine was the most characterized matrix, followed by blood. Firefighters exhaled breath and saliva were poorly evaluated. Overall, biological levels of compounds were predominantly increased in firefighters after participation in firefighting activities. Biomonitoring studies combining different biomarkers of exposure and of effect are currently limited but exploratory findings are of high interest. However, biomonitoring still has some unresolved major limitations since reference or recommended values are not yet established for most biomarkers. In addition, half-lives values for most of the biomarkers have thus far not been defined, which significantly hampers the design of studies. These limitations need to be tackled urgently to improve risk assessment and support implementation of better more effective preventive strategies.This work received support by UIDB/50006/2020, UIDP/ 50006/2020, LA/P/0008/2020, and through the project PCIF/ SSO/0090/2019 by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES) through national funds. The authors would also like to thank to FCT and European Union through Fundo Social Europeu (FSE) which supported the scientific contract CEEC- Individual 2017 Program Contract CEECIND/03666/2017 and the PhD grant 2020.07394.BD, respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Between the Craft and the Mud: An Analysis of the Work and Health Relationship of Firefighters in the Breach of the Córrego do Feijão Dam—Brumadinho/MG

Faced with the rupture of the VALE S.A. tailings dam that hit the city of Brumadinho (MG), the article sought to better understand the organisation of work of military firefighters who participated in the search and rescue operation and the relationship between work and health present in this scenario. This is a qualitative research with a focus on the subjective production of the speeches of seven firefighters who were interviewed individually with a semi-structured script, using as a basis of analysis the ergological perspective and the productions of the psychodynamics of work. The firefighters experienced a scenario with risks of injury, contamination, and even death. In the interviews, they showed that more than twelve hours of work was responsible for sleep problems during and after the performance, as well as the food provided and the lack of time for physical exercise proved to be aggravating factors for their health. Working in the tailing’s mud combined the development of musculoskeletal problems and anxiety, due to the possibility of contamination by metals present in the mud. The work relationships show a high degree of trust and recognition between the firefighters and the affected population, which helped in the motivation and continuation of the operation until the present moment. The work in this operation that gained national prominence was responsible for the feeling of pride and for feeling more capable and prepared to act in other disasters. This research is expected to broaden the discussion about the work-health relationship of military firefighters exposed to disasters, as well as serve as a subsidy to encourage the creation of public policies focused on the health of these workers

Unveiling Urinary Mutagenicity by the Ames Test for Occupational Risk Assessment: A Systematic Review

Occupational exposure may involve a variety of toxic compounds. A mutagenicity analysis using the Ames test can provide valuable information regarding the toxicity of absorbed xenobiotics. Through a search of relevant databases, this systematic review gathers and critically discusses the published papers (excluding other types of publications) from 2001–2021 that have assessed urinary mutagenicity (Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium) in an occupational exposure context. Due to the heterogeneity of the study methods, a meta-analysis could not be conducted. The characterized occupations were firefighters, traffic policemen, bus drivers, mail carriers, coke oven and charcoal workers, chemical laboratory staff, farmers, pharmacy workers, and professionals from several other industrial sectors. The genetically modified bacterial strains (histidine dependent) TA98, TA100, YG1041, YG1021, YG1024 and YG1042 have been used for the health risk assessment of individual (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and mixtures of compounds (e.g., diesel engine exhaust, fire smoke, industrial fumes/dyes) in different contexts. Although comparison of the data between studies is challenging, urinary mutagenicity can be very informative of possible associations between work-related exposure and the respective mutagenic potential. Careful interpretation of results and their direct use for occupational health risk assessment are crucial and yet complex; the use of several strains is highly recommended since individual and/or synergistic effects of complex exposure to xenobiotics can be overlooked. Future studies should improve the methods used to reach a standardized protocol for specific occupational environments to strengthen the applicability of the urinary mutagenicity assay and reduce inter- and intra-individual variability and exposure source confoundersThis work received financial support from the projects PCIF/SSO/0017/2018 and PCIF/SSO/0090/2019 of the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES) through national funds. This work received support from UIDB/50006/2020, UIDP/50006/2020 and LA/P/0008/2020. M. Oliveira and B. Barros were supported by the scientific contract CEEC Individual 2017 Program Contract CEECIND/03666/2017 and the Ph.D. grant 2020.07394.BD, respectively. These were supported by the FCT and the European Union through the Fundo Social Europeu (FSE) and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior, respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Design approaches in the contemporary scene: Structural essay on the relations between theory and practice

This study presents a structural essay that aims to bring forward the relationship between society and Design by exploring the relations between theory and practice, and how they respond differently to social changes. Such development stems from the understanding of the Design profession as the result of three major historical processes: industrialization, modern urbanization, and globalization, considering the challenges that arise from them. Based on theoretical reference, a framework of analysis is proposed, which considers the multiple views upon the Design activity. A classification for the so-called Design approaches was built in three categories – habilitations, emphases, and transversal content – aiming to comprehend the possible relations among them. Both the structural essay and the proposed characterization intent to open space for the discussion about the different visions upon the area of Design and how they conjugate theory and practice with the constant social change that impacts the exercise and thinking about the profession.Keywords: design theory, contemporary scenario, theory and practice, design approaches

Environmental indicators of ecological integrity and their development for running waters in northern Portugal

The recognition of deleterious effects of the destruction and loss of habitats (e.g. regularization of rivers, dredging, water diversion), chemical pollution, eutrophication, and climatic alterations on the aquatic organisms, as a result of human activities, combined with an urgent need of a more environmentally sensitive and ecologically sustainable management of Portuguese river systems , made us seek methods that assess the ecological condition of these systems. This article tries to make a revision of the concept of ecological integrity and the methods commonly used to assess it. Different approaches to establish the reference condition for bio-assessment are also indicated. Finally it shows the new methodologies that have been developed in Portugal for assessing the ecological condition of streams and new directions in the evaluation processes based on a better understanding of the entire aquatic ecosystem are also pointed out. An enormous challenge consists in the integration of various measurements of riverine attributes founded on key ecological processes, and in the development of more dynamic approaches that might together establish river condition and their dependence along multiple temporal and spatial scales.El reconocimiento de los efectos deletéreos de la destrucción y pérdida de hábitat (por ejemplo la regularización de ríos, el dragado o la extracción de agua), la polución química, eutrofización y alteraciones climáticas en los organismos acuáticos, como resultado de las actividades humanas, combinados con una necesidad urgente de una gestión ambientalmente más sensible y ecológicamente sustentable de los sistemas lóticos portugueses, nos incito a buscar métodos que evalúen la condición ecológica de estos sistemas. Este artículo intenta hacer una revisión del concepto de integridad ecológica y los métodos usados para evaluarlo. También son abordadas maneras diferentes de establecer la condición de referencia para la evaluación biológica. Finalmente muestra las nuevas metodologías que se han desarrollado en Portugal para evaluar la condición ecológica de los ríos y también son indicadas las nuevas direcciones en los procesos de evaluación basados en un mejor entendimiento de todo el ecosistema acuático. Un desafío enorme consiste en la integración de varias dimensiones de atributos fluviales fundamentada en los procesos ecológicos importantes y en el desarrollo de métodos más dinámicos que juntos podrán establecer la condición de los ríos y su dependencia a lo largo de múltiplas escalas temporales y espaciales

Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis feeding reduces the early stage of chemically induced rat colon carcinogenesis

Sarmiento-Machado L.M and Ariane Rocha Bartolomeu A.R received fellowships from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)- Finance code 001 and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)-# 2017/26217-7, respectively.Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide and linked to dietary/lifestyle factors. Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (AP) contains bioactive compounds with beneficial effects in vivo/in vitro. We evaluated the effects of AP feeding against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis. Male Sprague Dawley rats were given subcutaneous injections of DMH (4 × 40 mg/kg body weight) (G1–G3) or vehicle (G4–G5) twice a week (weeks 3–4). During weeks 1–4, animals were fed a diet containing 1 % (G2) or 2 % (G3–G4) AP powder (w/w). After this period, all groups received a balanced diet until week 12. Some animals were euthanised after the last DMH injection (week 4) for histological, immunohistochemical (Ki-67, γ-H2AX and caspase-3) and molecular analyses (real time-PCR for 91 genes), while other animals were euthanised at week 12 for preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) analysis. Both AP treatments (G2–G3) significantly decreased the DMH-induced increase in γ-H2AX (DNA damage) and caspase 3 (DNA damage-induced cell death) in colonic crypts at week 4. In addition, Cyp2e1 (Drug metabolism), Notch1, Notch2 and Jag1 genes (Notch pathway) and Atm, Wee1, Chek2, Mgmt, Ogg1 and Xrcc6 genes (DNA repair) were also down-regulated by 2 % AP feeding (G3) at week 4. A significant reduction in ACF development was observed in both AP-treated groups (G2–G3) at week 12. In conclusion, findings indicate that AP feeding reduced acute colonic damage after DMH, resulting in fewer preneoplastic lesions. Our study provided mechanistic insights on dietary AP-preventive effects against early colon carcinogenesis.Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) 001Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) 2017/26217-

A new approach to the study of the ground-state properties of 2D Ising spin glass

A new approach known as flat histogram method is used to study the +/-J Ising spin glass in two dimensions. Temperature dependence of the energy, the entropy, and other physical quantities can be easily calculated and we give the results for the zero-temperature limit. For the ground-state energy and entropy of an infinite system size, we estimate e0 = -1.4007 +/- 0.0085 and s0 = 0.0709 +/- 0.006, respectively. Both of them agree well with previous calculations. The time to find the ground-states as well as the tunneling times of the algorithm are also reported and compared with other methods.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Evidence of long distance airborne transport of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

The ability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to be transported over long distances via the airborne route was evaluated. A source population of 300 grow-finish pigs was experimentally inoculated with PRRSV MN-184 and M. hyopneumoniae 232 and over a 50-day period, air samples were collected at designated distances from the source herd using a liquid cyclonic collector. Samples were tested for the presence of PRRSV RNA and M. hyopneumoniae DNA by PCR and if positive, further characterized. Of the 306 samples collected, 4 (1.3%) were positive for PRRSV RNA and 6 (1.9%) were positive for M. hyopneumoniae DNA. The PRRSV-positive samples were recovered 4.7 km to the northwest (NW) of the source population. Four of the M. hyopneumoniae-positive samples were obtained at the NW sampling point; 2 samples at approximately 2.3 km and the other 2 samples approximately 4.7 km from the source population. Of the remaining 2 samples, one sample was obtained at the southeast sampling point and the other at the southwest sampling point, with both locations being approximately 4.7 km from the source. The four PRRSV-positive samples contained infectious virus and were ≥ 98.8% homologous to the MN-184 isolate used to inoculate the source population. All 6 of the M. hyopneumoniae-positive samples were 99.9% homologous to M. hyopneumoniae 232. These results support the hypothesis that long distance airborne transport of these important swine pathogens can occur