Influência das características tecnológicas na cor da madeira de eucaliptos.

Due to importance of the color of the wood as a component of its description this study was undertaken to verify the influence of chemical components in the color of wood of various clones of eucalypt. The amount of lignin and polyphenols in the wood, the fibres dimensions and its specific gravity were determined. The colorimetric measurements were made through a specterphotometer Data Color 200d Microflash. It was verified by the characteristics of the wood studied, that the amount of extractives, basically polyphenols, had high correlation with the color of the wood.Devido à importância da cor da madeira como componente de descrição da mesma, é que se realizou um estudo procurando verificar a influência dos componentes químicos na cor da madeira de diferentes clones de eucaliptos. Foram verificadas as quantidades de lignina e polifenoís nas madeiras das mesmas, as dimensões das fibras e a sua massa específica. As medições colorimétricas foram efetuadas através de um espectrofotômetro Data Color 200d. Microflash. Verificou-se que, das características das madeiras estudadas, a quantidade de extrativos, basicamente polifenoís, tem alta correlação com a cor da madeira

Influência das características tecnológicas na cor da madeira de eucaliptos.

Devido à importância da cor da madeira como componente de descrição da mesma, é que se realizou um estudo procurando verificar a influência dos componentes químicos na cor da madeira de diferentes clones de eucaliptos. Foram verificadas as quantidades de lignina e polifenoís nas madeiras das mesmas, as dimensões das fibras e a sua massa específica. As medições colorimétricas foram efetuadas através de um espectrofotômetro Data Color 200d. Microflash. Verificou-se que, das características das madeiras estudadas, a quantidade de extrativos, basicamente polifenoís, tem alta correlação com a cor da madeira.</p

Influência das características tecnológicas na cor da madeira de eucaliptos.

Due to importance of the color of the wood as a component of its description this study was undertaken to verify the influence of chemical components in the color of wood of various clones of eucalypt. The amount of lignin and polyphenols in the wood, the fibres dimensions and its specific gravity were determined. The colorimetric measurements were made through a specterphotometer Data Color 200d Microflash. It was verified by the characteristics of the wood studied, that the amount of extractives, basically polyphenols, had high correlation with the color of the wood

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field