Spacial distributions of major phytoplankton community components in Narragansett Bay at the peak of the winter-spring bloom

The horizontal distribution of phytoplankton in western Narragansett Bay at the height of the 1978 winter-spring bloom was characterized using data from an airborne fluorosensor to extend in situ point measurements of chlorophyll a and phytoplankton population composition to linear or area coverage...

CARS Temperature Measurements in a Hypersonic Propulsion Test Facility

Nonintrusive diagnostic measurements were performed in the supersonic reacting flow of the Hypersonic Propulsion Test Cell 2 at NASA-Langley. A Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) system was assembled specifically for the test cell environment. System design considerations were: (1) test cell noise and vibration; (2) contamination from flow field or atmospheric borne dust; (3) unwanted laser or electrically induced combustion (inside or outside the duct); (4) efficient signal collection; (5) signal splitting to span the wide dynamic range present throughout the flow field; (6) movement of the sampling volume in the flow; and (7) modification of the scramjet model duct to permit optical access to the reacting flow with the CARS system. The flow in the duct was a nominal Mach 2 flow with static pressure near one atmosphere. A single perpendicular injector introduced hydrogen into the flow behind a rearward facing step. CARS data was obtained in three planes downstream of the injection region. At least 20 CARS data points were collected at each of the regularly spaced sampling locations in each data plane. Contour plots of scramjet combustor static temperature in a reacting flow region are presented

What is current practice in offering debriefing services to post partum women and what are the perceptions of women in accessing these services: A critical review of the literature

Objective: The main research question is to describe current practice in offering debriefing services to postpartum women and learn about the perceptions of women accessing these services Design: Critical review of the literature using a meta ethnography approach. Findings: Twenty papers were identified. These included four surveys, three qualitative studies, one mixed methods study and three literature reviews. Nine randomised controlled trials (RCTs) provided additional information from alongside surveys and description of interventions. Two types of debriefing were identified: structured and unstructured. The more formal psychoanalytic forms took place within the RCTs whilst the unstructured discussion sessions commonly with midwives were identified in other research papers. In addition there is confusion amongst service providers about the nature of debriefing and what is delivered. Various aspects of providing a postnatal debriefing service were identified including the optimal timing, specific groups offered debriefing and the number of sessions offered. Postnatal debriefing enabled women to have their birth experiences validated by talking and being listened to and being provided with information. Finally from the limited literature identified relating to midwives’ perceptions of postnatal debriefing there was an overall feeling from midwives that they considered it to be beneficial to women. Key conclusions: The findings of this literature review imply that women’s responses to receiving postnatal debriefing are generally positive. This review has found that women appear to value talking and being listened to by a midwife following birth. They seem to have a strong need to have their story heard. This discussion also allows the women to have questions answered and information given where necessary. The whole process places a seal on a woman’s birth experience which is validated. Implications for practice: Although there is no evidence to suggest that postnatal debriefing reduces morbidity, women find the service of value. Maternity providers should consider offering a postnatal debriefing service to meet those needs in advance of further research in this area

Barbarians at the British Museum: Anglo-Saxon Art, Race and Religion

A critical historiographical overview of art historical approaches to early medieval material culture, with a focus on the British Museum collections and their connections to religion

Psychotherapieforschung

These guidelines address the diagnosis and management of atherosclerotic, aneurysmal, and thromboembolic peripheral arterial diseases (PADs). The clinical manifestations of PAD are a major cause of acute and chronic illness, are associated with decrements in functional capacity and quality of life, cause limb amputation, and increase the risk of death. Whereas the term “peripheral arterial disease” encompasses a large series of disorders that affect arterial beds exclusive of the coronary arteries, this writing committee chose to limit the scope of the work of this document to include the disorders of the abdominal aorta, renal and mesenteric arteries, and lower extremity arteries. The purposes of the full guidelines are to (a) aid in the recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of PAD of the aorta and lower extremities, addressing its prevalence, impact on quality of life, cardiovascular ischemic risk, and risk of critical limb ischemia (CLI); (b) aid in the recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of renal and visceral arterial diseases; and (c) improve the detection and treatment of abdominal and branch artery aneurysms. Clinical management guidelines for other arterial beds (e.g., the thoracic aorta, carotid and vertebral arteries, and upper-extremity arteries) have been excluded from the current guidelines to focus on the infradiaphragmatic arterial system and in recognition of the robust evidence base that exists for the aortic, visceral, and lower extremity arteries