21 research outputs found
Daxx-Mediated Accumulation of Human Cytomegalovirus Tegument Protein pp71 at ND10 Facilitates Initiation of Viral Infection at These Nuclear Domains
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) starts immediate-early transcription at nuclear domains 10 (ND10), forming a highly dynamic immediate transcript environment at this nuclear site. The reason for this spatial correlation remains enigmatic, and the mechanism for induction of transcription at ND10 is unknown. We investigated whether tegument-based transactivators are involved in the specific intranuclear location of HCMV. Here, we demonstrate that the HCMV transactivator tegument protein pp71 accumulates at ND10 before the production of immediate-early proteins. Intracellular trafficking of pp71 is facilitated through binding to a coiled-coil region of Daxx. The C-terminal domain of Daxx then interacts with SUMO-modified PML, resulting in the deposition of pp71 at ND10. In Daxx-deficient cells, pp71 does not accumulate at ND10, proving in vivo the necessity of Daxx for pp71 deposition. Also, HCMV forms immediate transcript environments at sites other than ND10 in Daxx-deficient cells, and so does the HCMV pp71 knockout mutant UL82(β/β) in normal cells. This result strongly suggests that pp71 and Daxx are essential for HCMV transcription at ND10. Lack of Daxx had the effect of reducing the infection rate. We conclude that the tegument transactivator pp71 facilitates viral genome deposition and transcription at ND10, possibly priming HCMV for more efficient productive infection
ΠΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠΈΠΌΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² 2000-2013 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
There is no alternative to the innovative way of competitive stability in the open economy.
Susceptibility to innovation becomes an indicator of motivation and an essential factor in the
economic system growth. The effectiveness of regulation both the innovation process and
innovation sector of the territorial economy determines the adequacy of the tools selected. The
choice of approach to the regulation puts the focus on differences in the research methods and
theoretical explanation of the phenomena of innovation as an economic good. It is possible to
determine differences and peculiarities of innovative susceptibility of the Siberian Federal District
through the use of statistical data (official and regional statistical reports for the SFD 2000-2013),
the analytical model of innovative susceptibility of regional economy, Oslo Guidelines approach,
the use of the factor approach to innovation and defining the relationship between the results of
innovative activity and regional product. This analysis allows us to construct a matrix of tools
for innovative management. Analytical matrix can serve as a basis for effective adaptation of
innovation policy to the regionβs realias. The concept of tools for administrative influence from the
state regional authorities is proposed on the basis of requirements in case of the presence of the
βirreducible infrastructural minimumβ in subjectβs innovative orientation. Only this composition of
innovative infrastructure is capable of ensuring the flow and going through the nature of innovation.
The authors offered the matrix method of the innovation policyβs βtarget orientationβ. The method
will provide adequate and timely reaction of innovative policy and multi-channel regulation. A
model of βirreducible minimumβ for the innovative sector infrastructure of the regional economy
was postulated, the relation between the level of innovative susceptibility and development of the
βthrough innovationβ technological approach, as well as the possibility of the matrix approach to
the form the innovation policy of the territory (continuity purposes, tools, resource, and methods)
were provedΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ-
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. Π ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΠ½-
Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠ°, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² (ΠΠΠ‘),
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠ‘Π ), ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°
ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° (NCF). Π ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ: ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°
ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° ( ΠΠ°Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ½, 2002); ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°-
ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ
Π. Π. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°, Π. Π. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° (ΠΠ²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²β¦,2006), ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-
Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° (ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠ¨Π) (Π Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½-
Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ.., 2015) ΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (ΠΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΠΠ‘Π , 2000). Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π€Π, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ
Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ 2000-2013 Π³Π³. Π² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»Ρ-
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π Π€ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½-
Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°, 2013). Π’Π°ΠΊ, Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ
Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 8β9 % (Π² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
-Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 15 %) ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½-
Π½ΡΠΌ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 3 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ: Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΠ² β 0,4 % (ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄, 2015), ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²
Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ-
Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈ
ΠΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠΈΠΌΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² 2000-2013 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
There is no alternative to the innovative way of competitive stability in the open economy.
Susceptibility to innovation becomes an indicator of motivation and an essential factor in the
economic system growth. The effectiveness of regulation both the innovation process and
innovation sector of the territorial economy determines the adequacy of the tools selected. The
choice of approach to the regulation puts the focus on differences in the research methods and
theoretical explanation of the phenomena of innovation as an economic good. It is possible to
determine differences and peculiarities of innovative susceptibility of the Siberian Federal District
through the use of statistical data (official and regional statistical reports for the SFD 2000-2013),
the analytical model of innovative susceptibility of regional economy, Oslo Guidelines approach,
the use of the factor approach to innovation and defining the relationship between the results of
innovative activity and regional product. This analysis allows us to construct a matrix of tools
for innovative management. Analytical matrix can serve as a basis for effective adaptation of
innovation policy to the regionβs realias. The concept of tools for administrative influence from the
state regional authorities is proposed on the basis of requirements in case of the presence of the
βirreducible infrastructural minimumβ in subjectβs innovative orientation. Only this composition of
innovative infrastructure is capable of ensuring the flow and going through the nature of innovation.
The authors offered the matrix method of the innovation policyβs βtarget orientationβ. The method
will provide adequate and timely reaction of innovative policy and multi-channel regulation. A
model of βirreducible minimumβ for the innovative sector infrastructure of the regional economy
was postulated, the relation between the level of innovative susceptibility and development of the
βthrough innovationβ technological approach, as well as the possibility of the matrix approach to
the form the innovation policy of the territory (continuity purposes, tools, resource, and methods)
were provedΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ-
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. Π ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΠ½-
Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΌΠ°, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² (ΠΠΠ‘),
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠ‘Π ), ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°
ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° (NCF). Π ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ: ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°
ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° ( ΠΠ°Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ½, 2002); ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·Π°-
ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ
Π. Π. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°, Π. Π. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π° (ΠΠ²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²β¦,2006), ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-
Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° (ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠ¨Π) (Π Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½-
Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ.., 2015) ΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (ΠΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΠΠ‘Π , 2000). Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π‘Π€Π, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ
Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ 2000-2013 Π³Π³. Π² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»Ρ-
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π Π€ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½-
Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°, 2013). Π’Π°ΠΊ, Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ
Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 8β9 % (Π² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
-Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 15 %) ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½-
Π½ΡΠΌ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 3 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ: Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΠ² β 0,4 % (ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄, 2015), ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΡΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²
Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ-
Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈ
Differential Functions of Interferon-Upregulated Sp100 Isoforms: Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Promoter-Based Immediate-Early Gene Suppression and PML Protection from ICP0-Mediated DegradationβΏ
Cells have intrinsic defenses against virus infection, acting before the innate or the adaptive immune response. Preexisting antiviral proteins such as PML, Daxx, and Sp100 are stored in specific nuclear domains (ND10). In herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), the immediate-early protein ICP0 serves as a counterdefense through degradation of the detrimental protein PML. We asked whether interferon (IFN)-upregulated Sp100 is similarly antagonized by ICP0 in normal human fibroblasts by using a selective-knockdown approach. We find that of the four Sp100 isoforms, the three containing a SAND domain block the transcription of HSV-1 proteins ICP0 and ICP4 at the promoter level and that IFN changes the differential splicing of the Sp100 transcript in favor of the inhibitor Sp100C. At the protein level, ICP0 activity does not lead to the hydrolysis of any of the Sp100 isoforms. The SAND domain-containing isoforms are not general inhibitors of viral promoters, as the activity of the major immediate-early cytomegalovirus promoter is not diminished, whereas the long terminal repeat of a retrovirus, like the ICP0 promoter, is strongly inhibited. Since we could not find a specific promoter region in the ICP0 gene that responds to the SAND domain-containing isoforms, we questioned whether Sp100 could act through other antiviral proteins such as PML. We find that all four Sp100 isoforms stabilize ND10 and protect PML from ICP0-based hydrolysis. Loss of either all PML isoforms or all Sp100 isoforms reduces the opposite constituent ND10 protein, suggesting that various interdependent mechanisms of ND10-based proteins inhibit virus infection at the immediate-early level
Differential Role of Sp100 Isoforms in Interferon-Mediated Repression of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Immediate-Early Protein Expression
Nuclear domains called ND10 or PML nuclear bodies contain interferon (IFN)-upregulated proteins like PML and Sp100. Paradoxically, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) begins its transcriptional cascade at aggregates of ND10-associated proteins, which in turn are destroyed by the HSV-1 immediate-early protein ICP0. While PML is essential in the formation of ND10, the function of Sp100 in the cells' defense against viral infection is unknown. In this study we investigated the potential antiviral effect of IFN-Ξ²-induced Sp100. We found that IFN-Ξ² treatment leads to a differential accumulation of four Sp100 isoforms in different cell lines. Using an HEK293 cell line derivative, 293-S, producing no detectable amounts of Sp100 even after IFN exposure, we analyzed individual Sp100 isoforms for their effect on HSV-1 infection. Sp100 isoforms B, C, and HMG, but not Sp100A, suppressed ICP0 and ICP4 early after infection. Isoforms B, C, and HMG suppressed expression from the ICP0 promoter in transient transfection, whereas Sp100A enhanced expression. Moreover, Sp100A localized in ND10, whereas the repressive isoforms were either dispersed within the nucleus or, at unphysiologically higher expression levels, formed new aggregates. The repressive activity was dependent on an intact SAND domain, since Sp100B bearing a W655Q mutation in the SAND domain lost this repressive activity and accumulated in ND10. Using RNA interference to knock down the repressive Sp100 isoforms B, C, and HMG, we find that they are an essential part of the IFN-Ξ²-mediated suppression of ICP0 expression. These data suggest that repression by the Sp100 isoforms B, C, and HMG takes place outside of ND10 and raise the possibility that viral genomes at Sp100A accumulations are more likely to start their transcription program because of a more permissive local environment
ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ (Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ)
The proposed article deals with institutional instruments of regional innovation policy. The authors, putting forward a hypothesis about the existence of the influence of the level of sufficiency and completeness of institutional support on the effectiveness of the implementation of innovations, conduct research on the existing one. The research uses the approach of counter verification of the conclusions of desk analysis of documentary support of innovation processes in the regions and analysis of regular public statistics on their innovation sector, which is the basis for conclusions about the correlation of the innovation process and its normative reflection in the innovative sectors of regional economies. It is illustrated and justified that the state of institutional support of the innovation sector can be used as a marker of the quality of innovation transformation processes in the regional economyΠ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ, Π²ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²
ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ (Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³Π° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ)
The proposed article deals with institutional instruments of regional innovation policy. The authors, putting forward a hypothesis about the existence of the influence of the level of sufficiency and completeness of institutional support on the effectiveness of the implementation of innovations, conduct research on the existing one. The research uses the approach of counter verification of the conclusions of desk analysis of documentary support of innovation processes in the regions and analysis of regular public statistics on their innovation sector, which is the basis for conclusions about the correlation of the innovation process and its normative reflection in the innovative sectors of regional economies. It is illustrated and justified that the state of institutional support of the innovation sector can be used as a marker of the quality of innovation transformation processes in the regional economyΠ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ, Π²ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²