4 research outputs found

    ΠšΠ Π˜ΠœΠ˜ΠΠΠ›Π˜Π‘Π’Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠ˜Π• Π—ΠΠ”ΠΠ§Π˜: БУЩНОБВЬ, ΠΠΠΠ›Π˜Π— Π‘Π’Π Π£ΠšΠ’Π£Π ΠΠžΠ“Πž Π‘ΠžΠ‘Π’ΠΠ’Π, ΠΠ›Π“ΠžΠ Π˜Π’ΠœΠ˜Π—ΠΠ¦Π˜Π― ΠŸΠ ΠžΠ¦Π•Π‘Π‘Π Π Π•Π¨Π•ΠΠ˜Π―

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    The paper examines the conceptualization of task content, task structure, and the task solving process in criminalistics workflow, where a system of forensic objectives determines the structure of forensic work performed by the investigator (expert) and affects their choice of tools and methods. A systems approach to the tasks and methods of forensic inquiry is required for successful task solving in complex forensic situations, and helps to optimize interaction between the expert (specialist) and the bearer of the burden of proof in the process of preparing and commissioning forensic examinations in civil and criminal cases, taking into account the investigative potential and forensic capabilities. The author uses an example from forensic (handwriting analysis) casework to explore the concept of forensic task and to demonstrate the multidimensional nature of task specification. The task solving process is interpreted as a process of simultaneous transformation of both the task itself as the object of forensic investigation and the investigator.РассмотрСны Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ полоТСния, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ понимания сущности, структурного состава ΠΈ процСсса Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ криминалистичСских Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡, систСма ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… опрСдСляСт структуру криминалистичСской Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ слСдоватСля ΠΈ экспСрта ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ обуславливаСт срСдства ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ этой Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ систСмноС Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² исслСдования позволяСт эффСктивно Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ слСдствСнно-экспСртныС ситуации, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ взаимодСйствиС экспСрта (спСциалиста) ΠΈ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° доказывания ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ граТданскому Π΄Π΅Π»Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ экспСртизы с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ пСрспСктивы расслСдования ΠΈ возмоТностСй экспСртизы. На ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ судСбно-экспСртной (почСрковСдчСской) Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ рассмотрСны понятиС ΠΈ содСрТаниС криминалистичСской Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π΅ условий. Автор раскрываСт процСсс Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ прСобразования Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ самого ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° этой Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ

    БистСмно-Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ основаниС мСтодологичСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ Π² Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… криминалистичСских исслСдованиях

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    The activity-based systems approach has been gaining in importance as a method of scientific inquiry, with its methodological orientation towards the study of objective reality in its relationship with our understanding of the nature, structure and genesis of various forms of activity. Β«ActivityΒ» is a central concept of this approach that reflects the multidimensional and multilayered nature of social existence. The scientific use of this concept has its roots in philosophical tradition. Β«ActivityΒ» is one of the more important categories in the system of forensic knowledge. Human activity is the key object of theoretical, applied and translational research in forensic science. This includes criminal activity as the object of inquiry, on the one hand, and forensic activity as the object of management and optimization, on the other hand.Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ всСй совокупности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ познания всС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ мСсто Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ систСмно-Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ собой ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π² Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ с прСдставлСниями ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅, структурС ΠΈ гСнСзисС Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ. Π•Π³ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ понятиС – понятиС Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ – ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ общСствСнного бытия. ИспользованиС этого понятия Π² Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ философскиС Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠšΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΡ… Π² систСмС криминалистичСского знания. Π”Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° (с ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ стороны, прСступная ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ познания, с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ – криминалистичСская ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ управлСния ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ) оказываСтся основным ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ тСорСтичСских, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ-практичСских криминалистичСских исслСдований

    CRIMINALISTIC TASKS: CONTENT, STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND ALGORITHMIZATION OF THE TASK SOLVING PROCESS

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    The paper examines the conceptualization of task content, task structure, and the task solving process in criminalistics workflow, where a system of forensic objectives determines the structure of forensic work performed by the investigator (expert) and affects their choice of tools and methods. A systems approach to the tasks and methods of forensic inquiry is required for successful task solving in complex forensic situations, and helps to optimize interaction between the expert (specialist) and the bearer of the burden of proof in the process of preparing and commissioning forensic examinations in civil and criminal cases, taking into account the investigative potential and forensic capabilities. The author uses an example from forensic (handwriting analysis) casework to explore the concept of forensic task and to demonstrate the multidimensional nature of task specification. The task solving process is interpreted as a process of simultaneous transformation of both the task itself as the object of forensic investigation and the investigator

    Activity-Based Systems Approach as a Framework for Methodology Programs in Forensic Science Research

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    The activity-based systems approach has been gaining in importance as a method of scientific inquiry, with its methodological orientation towards the study of objective reality in its relationship with our understanding of the nature, structure and genesis of various forms of activity. Β«ActivityΒ» is a central concept of this approach that reflects the multidimensional and multilayered nature of social existence. The scientific use of this concept has its roots in philosophical tradition. Β«ActivityΒ» is one of the more important categories in the system of forensic knowledge. Human activity is the key object of theoretical, applied and translational research in forensic science. This includes criminal activity as the object of inquiry, on the one hand, and forensic activity as the object of management and optimization, on the other hand
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