4 research outputs found
ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ§Π: Π‘Π£Π©ΠΠΠ‘Π’Π¬, ΠΠΠΠΠΠ Π‘Π’Π Π£ΠΠ’Π£Π ΠΠΠΠ Π‘ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠ, ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ― ΠΠ ΠΠ¦ΠΠ‘Π‘Π Π ΠΠ¨ΠΠΠΠ―
The paper examines the conceptualization of task content, task structure, and the task solving process in criminalistics workflow, where a system of forensic objectives determines the structure of forensic work performed by the investigator (expert) and affects their choice of tools and methods. A systems approach to the tasks and methods of forensic inquiry is required for successful task solving in complex forensic situations, and helps to optimize interaction between the expert (specialist) and the bearer of the burden of proof in the process of preparing and commissioning forensic examinations in civil and criminal cases, taking into account the investigative potential and forensic capabilities. The author uses an example from forensic (handwriting analysis) casework to explore the concept of forensic task and to demonstrate the multidimensional nature of task specification. The task solving process is interpreted as a process of simultaneous transformation of both the task itself as the object of forensic investigation and the investigator.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ, ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ° (ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°) ΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ. ΠΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ (ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ) Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Π‘ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
The activity-based systems approach has been gaining in importance as a method of scientific inquiry, with its methodological orientation towards the study of objective reality in its relationship with our understanding of the nature, structure and genesis of various forms of activity. Β«ActivityΒ» is a central concept of this approach that reflects the multidimensional and multilayered nature of social existence. The scientific use of this concept has its roots in philosophical tradition. Β«ActivityΒ» is one of the more important categories in the system of forensic knowledge. Human activity is the key object of theoretical, applied and translational research in forensic science. This includes criminal activity as the object of inquiry, on the one hand, and forensic activity as the object of management and optimization, on the other hand.Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅, ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ β ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ β ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅Π²ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° (Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΏΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ β ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ) ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ
CRIMINALISTIC TASKS: CONTENT, STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND ALGORITHMIZATION OF THE TASK SOLVING PROCESS
The paper examines the conceptualization of task content, task structure, and the task solving process in criminalistics workflow, where a system of forensic objectives determines the structure of forensic work performed by the investigator (expert) and affects their choice of tools and methods. A systems approach to the tasks and methods of forensic inquiry is required for successful task solving in complex forensic situations, and helps to optimize interaction between the expert (specialist) and the bearer of the burden of proof in the process of preparing and commissioning forensic examinations in civil and criminal cases, taking into account the investigative potential and forensic capabilities. The author uses an example from forensic (handwriting analysis) casework to explore the concept of forensic task and to demonstrate the multidimensional nature of task specification. The task solving process is interpreted as a process of simultaneous transformation of both the task itself as the object of forensic investigation and the investigator
Activity-Based Systems Approach as a Framework for Methodology Programs in Forensic Science Research
The activity-based systems approach has been gaining in importance as a method of scientific inquiry, with its methodological orientation towards the study of objective reality in its relationship with our understanding of the nature, structure and genesis of various forms of activity. Β«ActivityΒ» is a central concept of this approach that reflects the multidimensional and multilayered nature of social existence. The scientific use of this concept has its roots in philosophical tradition. Β«ActivityΒ» is one of the more important categories in the system of forensic knowledge. Human activity is the key object of theoretical, applied and translational research in forensic science. This includes criminal activity as the object of inquiry, on the one hand, and forensic activity as the object of management and optimization, on the other hand