Indices of Job Stress and Job Satisfaction among Academic Librarians in Selected Federal Universities in South West Nigeria

Librarians around the world like other professionals experience stress caused by different factors highlighted in the study. The study examined the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction among a population of 87 librarians. Descriptive survey research method was used. Job stress levels were assessed using the Job Stress Scale (JSS) adapted from Stress Indicators Scale (2007) and job satisfaction levels were measured using the Job Satisfaction Questionnaire of Linz, (2002) and graded by Likert scale with degree of agreement range between low to high (1-5). This research was designed for the librarians employed in the libraries in South West Nigeria. Data were collected through the questionnaire designed and were subjected to statistical analysis using simple percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test statistics and Scheffe post-hoc analysis. The study revealed that the mean scores for satisfaction were low for workplace characteristics. Female librarians had significantly lower job satisfaction (mean job satisfaction score difference = 12.2; 50.5%, p>0.05), as compared to their male counterparts (mean job satisfaction score difference 21.0: 49.5%, p<0.05); and a positive correlation was found between job satisfaction and librarians’ job stress (r = 0.69, α < 0.05). The findings also revealed that majority of the librarians had low job satisfaction level and higher levels of job stress. These results have implications for addressing job stress and job satisfaction in academic libraries

The effect of mass administration of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combined with artesunate on malaria incidence: a double-blind, community-randomized, placebo-controlled trial in The Gambia.

A double-blind, community-randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in a rural area of The Gambia between June and December 1999 to test whether a reduction in the infectious reservoir can reduce malaria transmission. Overall 14,017 (85%) individuals living in the study area were treated with either placebo or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) combined with a single dose of artesunate (AS). Following the mass drug administration (MDA) 1375 children aged 6 months to 10 years were kept under surveillance for clinical malaria in 18 villages throughout the 1999 malaria transmission season. During a 20-week surveillance period 637 episodes of malaria were detected. The mean incidence rate was 2.5/100 child-weeks in the placebo villages, and 2.3/100 child-weeks in villages that received SP + AS. The mean rate ratio, adjusted for individual and village-level covariates, was 0.91 (95% CI 0.68-1.22, P = 0.49). During the first 2 months of surveillance, the malaria incidence was lower in treated villages. After 2 months the incidence was slightly higher in the MDA group but this was not statistically significant. Overall, no benefit of the MDA could be detected. The reason for the absence of an impact on malaria transmission is probably the very high basic reproductive number of malaria, and the persistence of mature gametocytes, which are not affected by AS treatment