Analysis of Risk Factors for Pulmonary Tb Incidence in Work Area Health Kertapati Palembang

Background: Tubercullosis (TB) Lung as a public health problem that is very important and serious worldwide and is a disease that causes global emergencies. Indonesia is the country with the fourth highest prevalence. Pulmonary TB incidence is influenced by host factors (Host) and the environment. Kertapati Public health Centre with highest number of cases in 2013. Numbers of cases from October 2013 to December 2014 amounted to 89 cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors of pulmonary TB in the region Puskesmas Kertapati Palembang. Method: This study used case control design. The number of subjects was 66 consisting of 33 cases and 33 controls. Data is collected using medical records of patients at the health center program Kertapati P2TB in Palembang in 2015, using questionnaires to measure variables residential neighborhood, with consecutive sampling techniques. Data was analyzed by univariate and bivariate Result: Results of the study found that the incidence of pulmonary TB associated with age (OR=0.3; 95% CI 0.12-0.89), the last of education (OR=3.9: 95% CI 1.34-11.6), the type of floor (OR=16.7; 95% CI 4.63-60.1), ventilation (OR=27.12; 95% CI 5.49-133.84), residential density (OR=4.3; 95% CI 1,39-12.95), the contact with TB (OR=4.7; CI 95% 1,44-15,075), nutritional status (OR=16.7; 95% CI 4.96-56.4).Conclusion: The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Puskesmas Kertapati were age, level of education, nutritional status. Environmental factors include the density of residential housing, ventilation, types of flooring, as well as contacts with pulmonary TB patients. Suggestions for relevant agencies in order to prioritize efforts to promotive and preventive efforts to increase public knowledge about pulmonary TB

Karakteristik Pasien Demam Berdarah Dengue pada Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Kota Prabumulih Periode Januari–Mei 2016

Abstract Dengue hemorrhagic fever is an acute epidemic disease that requires a good and complete clinical examination accompanied by an accurate laboratory examination if clinical symptoms are inadequate. The delays in diagnosis results in an increased risk of death. Hospital facilities and health workers are very influential in the recovery of patients with dengue fever. . This scientific paper presents the characteristics of patients (gender, age, temperature, leukocytes, hematocrit, platelets, hemoglobin) in patient of dengue fever in Prabumulih City Hospital. Data analysis was performed on medical record data of patients with dengue fever who were hospitalized in January-May 2016 at Prabumulih City Hospital. This type of research is descriptive analytic with retrospective design. The data discussed is the result of observing the patient’s clinical condition from the first day to the eighth day. The majority of DHF patients are female with the most age groups at 0-4 years. The body temperature of the highest DHF patients on day 1 was 39.80 C and on the eighth day showed a normal temperature of 36.50 C. The lowest hematological value on day 1 was leukocytes of 1,600 cells/mm3 , hematocrit was 27.9%, platelets were 8,000 cells / mm3 , hemoglobin 9.4 gram / dL. The lowest hematological value on the last six days of treatment is 5,600 cell / mm3 leukocytes, 27.9% hematocrit, 74,000 cell / mm3 platelets, 9.7 gram/dL hemoglobin. Hematological values for normal leukocytes and platelets while platelets and hemoglobin did not approach normal values. Abstrak Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) adalah penyakit epidemik akut yang memerlukan pemeriksaan klinis yang baik dan lengkap disertai pemeriksaan laboratorium yang akurat jika gejala klinis tidak memadai. Keterlambatan dalam diagnosis mengakibatkan peningkatan risiko kematian. Fasilitas rumah sakit dan tenaga kesehatan sangat berpengaruh dalam kesembuhan pasien demam berdarah. Naskah ilmiah ini menyajikan karakteristik pasien (jenis kelamin, umur, suhu, leukosit, hematokrit, trombosit, dan hemoglobin) rawat inap demam berdarah di RSUD Kota Prabumulih. Analisa data dilakukan terhadap data rekam medis pasien demam berdarah yang rawat inap bulan Januari-Mei 2016 di RSUD Kota Prabumulih. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain retrospektif. Data yang dibahas adalah hasil pengamatan keadaan klinis pasien mulai pada hari pertama hingga hari ke delapan. Mayoritas pasien DBD berjenis kelamin perempuan dengan kelompok umur terbanyak pada 0-4 tahun. Suhu tubuh pasien DBD tertinggi pada hari ke 1 adalah 39,80 C dan pada hari ke delapan menunjukkan suhu normal yaitu 36,50 C. Nilai hematologi terendah pada hari ke 1 yaitu leukosit sebesar 1.600 sel/mm3 , hematokrit 27,9%, trombosit 8.000 sel/mm3 , hemoglobin 9,4 gram/dL. Nilai hematologi terendah pada hari ke enam terakhir perawatan yaitu leukosit 5.600 sel/mm3 , hematokrit 27,9%, trombosit 74.000 sel/mm3 , hemoglobin 9,7 gram/dL. Nilai hematologi untuk leukosit dan trombosit normal sedangkan trombosit dan hemoglobin tidak mendekati nilai normal

Kepadatan dan Keragaman Spesies Nyamuk di Desa Jagaraga Kecamatan Buana Pemaca dan Desa Sukajaya, Kecamatan Buay Rawan, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan

Abstract The study on mosquito diversity was conducted in Jagaraga Village, Buana Pemaca  Subdistrict and Sukajaya Village, Buay Rawan Subdistrict of Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan Regency in 2017. This study aimed to analyze population density of mosquitoes, feeding habits and resting behavior of mosquito, and identify the types of potential /specific breeding habitat of mosquito larvae in OKU Selatan regency. Mosquitoes were collected during the night for 12 hours, started at 06.00 p.m. until 06.00 a.m. by human landing, resting, and cattle landing collection methods. The indoor density of mosquitoes ranged from 0.04-3.96 mosquitoes/person/hour with the highest density of 10,7 on Cx.tritaeniorhyncus. Species of mosquitoes collected in Sukajaya Village were more diverse than in Buana Pemaca Village. There were 12 species and the most dominant species was Cx. tritaeniorhyncus (68.09%), Breeding habitats were identified in rice fields, bricks pit, puddle marsh, and flow of rice fields. Abstrak Penelitian tentang keragaman nyamuk telah dilakukan Di Desa Jagaraga Kecamatan Buana Pemaca dan Desa Sukajaya Kecamatan Buay Rawan Kabupaten OKU Selatan pada tahun 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kepadatan populasi nyamuk yang tertangkap, menganalisis kebiasaan mencari makan danperilaku beristirahat masing-masing spesies nyamuk yang tertangkap serta mengetahui jenis-jenis habitat perkembangbiakan potensial bagi larva nyamuk yang ada di Kabupaten OKU Selatan. Penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan selama 12 jam dimulai dari pukul 18.00 WIB malam hingga pukul 06.00 pagi, menggunakan metode human landing collection, resting collection dan penangkapan di sekitar kandang ternak. Spesies nyamuk yang tertangkap 12 spesies dan yang paling dominan yaitu Culex tritaeniorhyncus(68,9%). Kepadatan nyamuk yang menggigit per orang per jam (MHD) di dalam rumah berkisar antara 0,04-3,96 ekor/orang/jam. Kepadatan rata-rata paling tinggi pada nyamuk Cx. tritaeniorhyncus 10,7 ekor. Habitat perkembangbiakan berupa sawah, lubang galian tanah liat untuk batu bata, kobakan, aliran sawah

EFEKTIVITAS PERANGKAP BERPEREKAT SEDERHANA MENGGUNAKAN ATRAKTAN RENDAMAN JERAMI TERHADAP NYAMUK DI LABORATORIUM

Pengendalian penyakit demam berdarah dengue masih bertumpu kepada kegiatan pengendalian vektor karena hingga saat ini belum ditemukan obat ataupun vaksin yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas perangkat nyamuk berperekat menggunakan atraktan rendaman jerami dengan 4 konsentrasi yang berbeda. Uji efektivitas perangkap berperekat ini dilaksanakan di ruang pemeliharaan nyamuk Laboratorium Entomologi Balai Litbangkes Baturaja. Konsentrasi rendaman jerami yang digunakan adalah 0%, 10%, 50% dan 100% dengan 6 pengulangan. Pengamatan nyamuk yang terperangkap dilakukan setiap hari pada jam yang sama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nyamuk mulai terperangkap sejak hari pertama pengamatan pada seluruh konsentrasi. Hari terakhir pengamatan (hari ke-17) menunjukkan jumlah nyamuk paling banyak terperangkap pada konsentrasi 50% (rerata 28,5 nyamuk) diikuti konsentrasi 100% (rerata 26,0 nyamuk), 10% (rerata 20,0 nyamuk) dan 0% (rerata 10,7 nyamuk). Secara statistik hasil uji sidik ragam menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar konsentrasi atraktan yang digunakan.Komposisi nyamuk yang tertangkap antara lain nyamuk betina lebih banyak tertangkap dibandingkan nyamuk jantan (65%) serta Ae. aegypti dominan terperangkap (95,1%) dibandingkan Culex quinquefasciatus. Meskipun secara statistik tidak terdapat perbedaan antar perlakuan namun bila dilihat dari jumlah nyamuk yang terperangkap perangkap nyamuk berperekat berpotensi digunakan dalam penanggulangan DBD baik dalam konteks pengendalian maupun surveilans

PERAN LINGKUNGAN DALAM KASUS DEMAM BERDARAH DI KOTA PALEMBANG SUMATERA SELATAN

Palembang is a city that has a case of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) highest in the province of South Sumatra in 2014 that 622 cases. transportation Smoothly,cities are highly developed and densely populated settlements that can cause Palembang to become into top ranking in the number of dengue cases over the years. The purpose of this analysis to determine the factors that influence the dengue cases in Palembang South Sumatera Province by using linear regression modeling. The data is used by health profile of Palembang City in 2014. The sample in this analysis are all health centers in the working area of ​​Palembang City Health Department. Response variable is the number of dengue cases in each health center in the region of Palembang City Health Department. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The analysis showed that the factors affecting dengue in the city of Palembang were the number of group counseling activities per month. Increased group counseling activities per month can reduce dengue cases in the city of Palembang every year. Therefore it is considered necessary to increase the number of distillation activities about dengue to the people of Palembang City who live in densely populated areas. In counseling it is also necessary to apply 3M PLUS or implement PSN to the environment that can break the chain of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and propagation

Pengendalian malaria dengan pemanfaatan ikan Oreocromis niloticus sebagai predator larva

ABSTRACT Oreochromis niloticus is a type of fish that is a natural enemy of Anopheles mosquito larvae, a vector for transmitting malaria. This method can be used as an alternative tools and integrated with other malaria control methods. This study aims to compare the density of Anopheles larvae before and after the sowing of  O. niloticus, and to empower the community to involve in biological malaria control by utilizing O. niloticus. This research is a Mixed Methods Research. Quantitative data collection is done  with a quasi-design approach  before-after design experiments. Qualitative data collection is carried out with in-depth interviews with  District Health and Fisheries Service Offices and group discussions on the community of fish pond owners and communities living around abandoned ponds. The data from in-depth interviews and group discussions were analyzed thematically. Observation of Anopheles larvae density decreased after sowing O. niloticus into the pond. The results showed that health workers and the public strongly support biological malaria control activities  using of  O. niloticus. ABSTRAK Ikan nila merah merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang menjadi musuh alami bagi larva nyamuk Anopheles yang merupakan vektor penular malaria sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengendalian malaria secara biologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kepadatan larva Anopheles sebelum dan sesudah ditebar ikan nila merah, serta menggali informasi penerimaan masyarakat dalam pengendalian malaria dengan pemanfaatan ikan nila merah. Penelitian ini merupakan Mixed Methods Research.  Pengumpulan data kuantitatif  dilakukan dengan pendekatan rancangan kuasi eksperimen before-after design. Pengumpulan data kualitatif dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap petugas Dinas Kesehatan dan Dinas Perikanan serta diskusi kelompok terhadap masyarakat pemilik kolam ikan dan masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar kolam yang terbengkalai.  Data hasil wawancara mendalam dan diskusi kelompok dilakukan analisis tematik. Pengamatan kepadatan larva Anopheles  menunjukkan adanya penurunan setelah penebaran ikan nila merah ke kolam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petugas kesehatan maupun masyarakat sangat mendukung kegiatan pengendalian malaria secara biologi dengan pemanfaatan ikan nila merah.   &nbsp