Kauran idätyksessä on itua

Idätys muokkaa kauran rakennetta. Sen avulla voidaan myös tuottaa jyvään tai hajottaa siitä haluttuja yhdisteitä. Idätys ja sitä seuraavat kuumennuskäsittelyt antavat kauraan väriä, makua ja rapeutta. Samalla paranee myös kauran säilyvyys. Idätys lisää huomattavasti myös bioaktiivisten yhdisteiden määrää kaurassa ilman, että arvokkaan kuidun määrä kuitenkaan huomattavasti vähenisi.vo

European Court of Justice delivers no justice to Europe on genome-edited crops

Non peer reviewe

Production of bioactive phenolic compounds by berry cell cultures

The production of phenolic compounds by berry cell cultures of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) was studied and the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds was stimulated by elicitation

COMPARING WATER-FALL MODEL AND SPIRAL MODEL ON SYSTEM INFORMATION PATIENT SERVICE DESIGN (Case Study at PUSKESMAS PANCORAN MAS DEPOK)

In the information era at this time all humankind in each aspect of his life expect a fast and exact service both in the healthy situation and the situation to be sick. Likewise his matter with that is hop for by all the elements of the framer of the system in the Pancoranmas community health centre, the patient 's satisfaction is not enough only well not him the community health centre, professional him the doctor along with medical him, but also depend from fast and to be precise the information service that is need by the patient. By using aids of the system plan, then is develop by an information system so as facilitat in the matter kept, modified, process and access the data in accordance with the requirement, from this system it is hop time that is us to access the data like the patient 's data, medicine, the story of the health of the patient could be more fast, efficient and safe in his storage and accurate, with the availability of quality information and the good communications network interdepartmental will increase the productivity of his officials, this plan of the information system if being us is the opportunity for the community health centre to increase the service and professionalism.Keyword(s) : information system, puskesmas, spiral, water-fallSubject description: K.6.Management of Computing and Information | K.6.3. Software Management | Software Developmen

Culture and social environment in the pre-colonial era

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Raspberry Ketone Accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana and Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Expression of Fused Pathway Genes

Raspberry ketone has generated interest in recent years both as a flavor agent and as a health promoting supplement. Raspberry ketone can be synthesized chemically, but the value of a natural nonsynthetic product is among the most valuable flavor compounds on the market. Coumaroyl-coenzyme A (CoA) is the direct precursor for raspberry ketone but also an essential precursor for flavonoid and lignin biosynthesis in plants and therefore highly regulated. The synthetic fusion of 4-coumaric acid ligase (4CL) and benzalacetone synthase (BAS) enables the channeling of coumaroyl-CoA from the ligase to the synthase, proving to be a powerful tool in the production of raspberry ketone in both N. benthamiana and S. cerevisiae. To the best of our knowledge, the key pathway genes for raspberry ketone formation are transiently expressed in N. benthamiana for the first time in this study, producing over 30 μg/g of the compound. Our raspberry ketone producing yeast strains yielded up to 60 mg/L, which is the highest ever reported in yeast

KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL PADA PERWIRA TINGGI TNI YANG AKAN MENGHADAPI MASA PENSIUN

Masa pensiun bagi sebagian individu merupakan salah satu hal yang ditakuti oleh sebagianorang karena berkurangnya berbagai segi kemampuan dan aktivitas yang biasa dimiliki olehindividu tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat kecerdasan spiritual padaperwira TNI yang memasuki masa pension. Penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara bersifatterbuka dan terstuktur, dalam penelitian ini peneliti juga mengunakan observasi berstrukturdan non-partisipan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang PATI TNI AL yang berusia55 tahun dan akan memasuki masa pensiun serta berada dalam tahapan perkembanganyakni periode dewasa madya. Hasil penelitian ini antara lain memperlihatkan bahwakecerdasan spiritual yang tampak pada subjek adalah sikap ramah tamah, kedekatan,keingintahuan, kreativitas, penguasaan diri, dan religinya. Karena subjek memiliki minatuntuk bersosialisasi membuat subjek menjadi orang yang tetap mampu membuka diri danberadaptasi untuk lingkungan baru termasuk orang-orangnya dan aktivitasnya. Selain itudihasilkan pula faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecerdasan spiritual yaitu subjek sejakdulu memang selalu ingin melakukan hal-hal yang baik dalam kehidupannya, dan ini tidakberubah meskipun subjek sekarang telah pensiun.AbstractRetirement is one of the uncomfortable moment in life that should be faced by some peoplebecause when it happened a person will lose some of his/her skills and activities. The aim ofthis research is to know the spiritual intelligence in military personnel in facing hisretirement. The research is using open and structured interview, and also structuredobservation and non participant. A 55 years old military personnel who facing his retirementbecome this respondent. The result shows that the respondent has good spiritual intelligencesuch as in hospitality, close to surroundings, has good curiosity, creativity, having good selfcontrol,and religious. Because he is willing to socialize it disclose and adapt him into newsurroundings and activities. Beside that, factors influencing his spiritual intelligence are hiswillingness to do the best and closest to God

Exploring the Metabolic Stability of Engineered Hairy Roots after 16 Years Maintenance

Plants remain a major source of new drugs, leads and fine chemicals. Cell cultures deriving from plants offer a fascinating tool to study plant metabolic pathways and offer large scale production systems for valuable compounds - commercial examples include compounds such as paclitaxel. The major constraint with undifferentiated cell cultures is that they are generally considered to be genetically unstable and cultured cells tend to produce low yields of secondary metabolites especially over time. Hairy roots, a tumor tissue caused by infection of Agrobacterium rhizogenes is a relevant alternative for plant secondary metabolite production for being fast growing, able to grow without phytohormones, and displaying higher stability than undifferentiated cells. Although genetic and metabolic stability has often been connected to transgenic hairy roots, there are only few reports on how a very long-term subculturing effects on the production capacity of hairy roots. In this study, hairy roots producing high tropane alkaloid levels were subjected to 16-year follow-up in relation to genetic and metabolic stability. Cryopreservation method for hairy roots of Hyoscyamus muticus was developed to replace laborious subculturing, and although the post-thaw recovery rates remained low, the expression of transgene remained unaltered in cryopreserved roots. It was shown that although displaying some fluctuation in the metabolite yields, even an exceedingly long-term subculturing was successfully applied without significant loss of metabolic activity

Methyljasmonate Elicitation Increases Terpenoid Indole Alkaloid Accumulation in Rhazya stricta Hairy Root Cultures

Methyl jasmonate is capable of initiating or improving the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants and therefore has opened up a concept for the biosynthesis of valuable constituents. In this study, the effect of different doses of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) elicitation on the accumulation of terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) in the hairy root cultures of the medicinal plant, Rhazya stricta throughout a time course (one-seven days) was investigated. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were carried out for targeted ten major non-polar alkaloids. Furthermore, overall alterations in metabolite contents in elicited and control cultures were investigated applying proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. Methyl jasmonate caused dosage- and time course-dependent significant rise in the accumulation of TIAs as determined by GC-MS. The contents of seven alkaloids including eburenine, quebrachamine, fluorocarpamine, pleiocarpamine, tubotaiwine, tetrahydroalstonine, and ajmalicine increased compared to non-elicited cultures. However, MeJA-elicitation did not induce the accumulation of vincanine, yohimbine (isomer II), and vallesiachotamine. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) of 1H NMR metabolic profiles revealed a discrimination between elicited hairy roots and control cultures with significant increase in total vindoline-type alkaloid content and elevated levels of organic and amino acids. In addition, elicited and control samples had different sugar and fatty acid profiles, suggesting that MeJA also influences the primary metabolism of R. stricta hairy roots. It is evident that methyl jasmonate is applicable for elevating alkaloid accumulation in “hairy root” organ cultures of R. strica