6,502 research outputs found
Characteristic length of an AdS/CFT superconductor
We investigate in more detail the holographic model of a superconductor
recently found by Hartnoll, Herzog, and Horowitz [Phys. Rev. Lett. 101,
031601], which is constructed from a condensate of a charged scalar field in
AdS_4-Schwarzschild background. By analytically studying the perturbation of
the gravitational system near the critical temperature T_c, we obtain the
superconducting coherence length proportional to 1/\sqrt{1-T/T_c} via AdS/CFT
correspondence. By adding a small external homogeneous magnetic field to the
system, we find that a stationary diamagnetic current proportional to the
square of the order parameter is induced by the magnetic field. These results
agree with Ginzburg-Landau theory and strongly support the idea that a
superconductor can be described by a charged scalar field on a black hole via
AdS/CFT duality.Comment: 9 pages, no figure; v2: typos corrected; v3: version to appear in
PRD, an early discussion based on convensional superconductor with dynamical
photon removed and an argument about the type of the holographic
superconductor adde
Mirror effect induced by the dilaton field on the Hawking radiation
We discuss the string creation in the near-extremal NS1 black string
solution. The string creation is described by an effective field equation
derived from a fundamental string action coupled to the dilaton field in a
conformally invariant manner. In the non-critical string model the dilaton
field causes a timelike mirror surface outside the horizon when the size of the
black string is comparable to the Planck scale. Since the fundamental strings
are reflected by the mirror surface, the negative energy flux does not
propagate across the surface. This means that the evaporation stops just before
the naked singularity of the extremal black string appears even though the
surface gravity is non-zero in the extremal limit.Comment: 15 page
Fast computation of MadGraph amplitudes on graphics processing unit (GPU)
Continuing our previous studies on QED and QCD processes, we use the graphics
processing unit (GPU) for fast calculations of helicity amplitudes for general
Standard Model (SM) processes. Additional HEGET codes to handle all SM
interactions are introduced, as well assthe program MG2CUDA that converts
arbitrary MadGraph generated HELAS amplitudess(FORTRAN) into HEGET codes in
CUDA. We test all the codes by comparing amplitudes and cross sections for
multi-jet srocesses at the LHC associated with production of single and double
weak bosonss a top-quark pair, Higgs boson plus a weak boson or a top-quark
pair, and multisle Higgs bosons via weak-boson fusion, where all the heavy
particles are allowes to decay into light quarks and leptons with full spin
correlations. All the helicity amplitudes computed by HEGET are found to agree
with those comsuted by HELAS within the expected numerical accuracy, and the
cross sections obsained by gBASES, a GPU version of the Monte Carlo integration
program, agree wish those obtained by BASES (FORTRAN), as well as those
obtained by MadGraph. The performance of GPU was over a factor of 10 faster
than CPU for all processes except those with the highest number of jets.Comment: 37 pages, 12 figure
Radiation from an accelerated quark via AdS/CFT
In this paper we investigate radiation by an accelerated quark in a strongly
coupled gauge theory via AdS/CFT correspondence. According to AdS/CFT
dictionary, we can read off energy density or energy flux of the radiation from
asymptotic gravitational field in AdS bulk sourced by an accelerated string
trailing behind the quark. In the case of an oscillating quark with frequency
, we show that the time averaged energy density is asymptotically
isotropic and it falls off as with
distance from the source. In a toy model of a scattered quark by an
external field, we simply estimate Poynting vector by the bremsstrahlung
radiation and show that the energy flux is anisotropic outgoing radiation.
Based on these investigations, we discuss the properties of strongly coupled
gauge theory radiation in comparison with electromagnetic radiation.Comment: 16 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Galaxy types in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey using supervised artificial neural networks
Supervised artificial neural networks are used to predict useful properties of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, in this instance morphological classifications, spectral types and redshifts. By giving the trained networks unseen data, it is found that correlations between predicted and actual properties are around 0.9 with rms errors of order ten per cent. Thus, given a representative training set, these properties may be reliably estimated for galaxies in the survey for which there are no spectra and without human intervention
High-Symmetry Polarization Domains in Low-Symmetry Ferroelectrics
We present experimental evidence for hexagonal domain faceting in the
ferroelectric polymer PVDF-TrFE films having the lower orthorhombic
crystallographic symmetry. This effect can arise from purely electrostatic
depolarizing forces. We show that in contrast to magnetic bubble shape domains
where such type of deformation instability has a predominantly elliptical
character, the emergence of more symmetrical circular harmonics is favored in
ferroelectrics with high dielectric constant
Leptonic CP Violation Search and the Ambiguity of dm^2_31
We consider a search for the CP-violating angle deltaCP in long baseline
neutrino oscillation experiments. We show that the subleading deltaCP-dependent
terms in the nu_mu -> nu_e oscillation probability can be easily obscured by
the ambiguity of the leading term which depends on |dm^2_31|. It is thus
necessary to determine the value of dm^2_31 with a sufficient accuracy. The
nu_mu survival events, which can be accumulated simultaneously with the nu_e
appearance events, can serve for this purpose owing to its large statistics.
Therefore, the combined analysis of nu_e appearance and nu_mu survival events
is crucial to provide a restrictive constraint on deltaCP. Taking a test
experimental setup, we demonstrate in the deltaCP-dm^2_31 plane that the
analysis of nu_e appearance events leads to less restrictive constraints on the
value of deltaCP due to the ambiguity of dm^2_31 and that the combined analysis
efficiently improves the constraints.Comment: ReVTeX file, 9 pages, 7 figures. Discussions added in Sections 1, 2,
and 4; Reference expande
On two pieces of folklore in the AdS/CFT duality
In the AdS/CFT duality, it is often said that a local symmetry in a bulk
theory corresponds to a global symmetry in the corresponding boundary theory,
but the global symmetry can become local when one couples with an external
source. As a result, the GKP-Witten relation gives a response function instead
of a Green function. We explore this point in details using the example of
holographic superconductors. We point out that these points play a crucial role
to interpret the holographic London equation properly.Comment: 11 pages, ReVTeX4.1; v2: added discussio
Dynamic critical phenomena in the AdS/CFT duality
In critical phenomena, singular behaviors arise not only for thermodynamic
quantities but also for transport coefficients. We study this dynamic critical
phenomenon in the AdS/CFT duality. We consider black holes with a single
R-charge in various dimensions and compute the R-charge diffusion in the linear
perturbations. In this case, the black holes belong to model B according to the
classification of Hohenberg and Halperin.Comment: 17 pages, ReVTeX4; v2: added references and discussio
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