An Assessment of Voltage Instability in the Nigerian Power System Network

This paper assesses the trends in voltage instability in the Nigerian Power System Network (PSN). Data of voltage instability were collected for the year (1995-2013) and was analyzed sequentially using simple statistics and the result interpreted graphically. The result shows an average collapse of 5.1% recorded during this period. 50.8%of the voltage collapses are as a result of total grid collapse while 48.4% collapses are as a result of partial grid collapse while 0.9% collapses caused by foreign objects. The paper therefore emphasizes how poor government policies had led to poor power generation hence leading to voltage instability in the Nigeria power system network

Restructuring the Electrical Power Sector for Sustainable Development

The globalization of the market place, industrialization and national wealth of any sovereign state can be attributed to seamless and efficient power supply. Using Nigeria as a case study in Africa, with a seemingly large population and a potentially large market, with an undeniably decayed electrical power infrastructure, this paper, therefore, identifies a fundamental factor underlying the challenged electrical power sector using spreadsheet analysis. The findings emphasize good governance and techno-political innovations as the proper remediation in revamping the infrastructure which will engender uninterruptible power supply for sustainable developmen

Influence of Power Quality Problem on the Performance of an Induction Motor

This paper presents the application of MATLAB® Simulink as a useful tool for predicting the performance of an induction motor. The influence of power quality problem on the performance of an induction motor is critically investigated. Mathematical modelling of an induction motor subjected to an unsymmetrical voltage conditions are presented. The results obtained from the simulation reveal the presence of rotor noise and vibration during operation of induction motor under voltage unbalance

INVESTIGATING POINTS-OF-GENERATION POWER LOSSES ON THE NIGERIAN NATIONAL GRID FOLLOWING UNBUNDLING OF THE ELECTRIC UTILITY INDUSTRY

Aside from the domino effects of being radial in structure, the Nigerian national electric grid is currently suffering from deteriorated infrastructures and unpredictable fuel supply for power generation. Massive introduction of green energy-based microgrid alternatives has been proposed as a major means of resolving the challenges. Such paradigm shift needs to be substantiated within the context of the present situation of the grid, for the consumption of policy makers and implementers, hence; the performance of the generation sub-system of the grid in the post-deregulation era is evaluated in this study. Two-year numerical data on the operational capacities of the twenty-nine power plants that are currently connected to the grid are employed to profile the behaviours of the plants over the period. Yearly averages of the three operational capacities of each plant are estimated, and by comparing the respective capacities, generation losses are computed for each of the plants. With 5,063.8 MW yearly average generation capacity in the year 2018, a loss of 61.02 % was experienced on the sub-system; while the generation loss was 61.55 % in the year 2019 that has yearly average generation capacity of 5,062.5 MW. For the two years combined, the average generation capacity is 5,063.2 MW at 61.36 % power loss. These estimations reveal that the pre-deregulation loss profile of the generation sub-system has not been curtailed despite the unbundling of the electric power industry. Generation loss has rather persisted and keeps taking a heavy toll on the electric utility market of the country. Significant deployment of renewable electricity microgrid is therefore required to provide enduring solution

Techno-economic Assessment of Wind Turbines in Nigeria

Wind energy potentials of some selected high altitude and coastal areas in Nigeria are assessed for possible utilization for the generation of electricity. The main aim is to provide pragmatic insight that will enhance the investment in wind energy conversion systems in an optimal manner. The data used in this present study were obtained from the Nigeria Meteorological Agency, which includes average wind speeds per day of four locations across the country, measured at the anemometer height of 10 m over a period of 11 years. With the sites classified based on their wind power densities, the capacity factor estimation value was used to select the most suitable turbine for the selected sites, and the present value cost method was employed to estimate the unit cost of energy of the turbine at various hub-heights. The results obtained from this study reveal that Jos, Kano and Ikeja are economically viable as well as having excellent wind resources integration into the grid, while P/H is viable for a standalone application. The outcome of the study provides useful information that will aid renewable energy policymakers in Nigeria for wind energy development

WIND ENERGY EVALUATION AND TURBINE IDENTIFICATION FOR POWER GENERATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS IN NIGERIA

In this paper, the wind power potentials as well as wind speed characteristics of four selected locations in the North-Central (Ilorin and Makurdi) and North-East (Gombe and Maiduguri) parts of Nigeria are investigated. The data used are obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) between the durations of 11 and 54 years, measured at an anemometer height of 10m. The analysis of the data is carried out using a two-parameter Weibull Distribution Function (WDF). The most probable wind-speed and the wind-speed carrying the maximum energy were also evaluated. The capacity factor estimation is then used to identify the most suitable turbine for the sites. The results obtained show a monthly mean wind-speed of 4.50 m/s, 3.72 m/s, 4.77 m/s and 5.34 m/s for Ilorin, Gombe, Makurdi and Maiduguri respectively, while the wind-power densities were 67.74 W/m2, 40.87 W/m2, 79.52 W/m2 and 107.49 W/m2 respectively for the same sites

WIND ENERGY EVALUATION AND TURBINE IDENTIFICATION FOR POWER GENERATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS IN NIGERIA

In this paper, the wind power potentials as well as wind speed characteristics of four selected locations in the North-Central (Ilorin and Makurdi) and North-East (Gombe and Maiduguri) parts of Nigeria are investigated. The data used are obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) between the durations of 11 and 54 years, measured at an anemometer height of 10m. The analysis of the data is carried out using a two-parameter Weibull Distribution Function (WDF). The most probable wind-speed and the wind-speed carrying the maximum energy were also evaluated. The capacity factor estimation is then used to identify the most suitable turbine for the sites. The results obtained show a monthly mean wind-speed of 4.50 m/s, 3.72 m/s, 4.77 m/s and 5.34 m/s for Ilorin, Gombe, Makurdi and Maiduguri respectively, while the wind-power densities were 67.74 W/m2, 40.87 W/m2, 79.52 W/m2 and 107.49 W/m2 respectively for the same sites

Power Quality Considerations for Distributed Generation Integration in the Nigerian Distribution Network Using NEPLAN Software

Power quality studies are increasingly becoming a toast of major researchers as it is now a major factor utilized in determining the overall efficiency of an electrical power system. Voltage profile and power loss are significant pointers to the quality of power and as such, distributed generation comes into play since it offers competitive advantages over the traditional grid interconnected system. In this study, therefore, an attempt is made in comparing the voltage profile of the traditional grid system of a typical distribution network and with that incorporated with the distributed generation, using real data of a practical system of the Nigeria distribution company. The conceptual framework as well as the mathematical formulations required for the study are presented. The data are, then, simulated using a NEPLAN software. The results obtained from the simulations for power losses in both scenarios are examined. The results obtained clearly showed that there is a significant reduction in power losses and a substantial improvement in the voltage profile of an embedded generation in-feed scheme in comparison with the conventional grid in-feed