8,848 research outputs found
Three concurrent variations of the aberrant right subclavian artery, the non-recurrent laryngeal nerve and the right thoracic duct
We herein report a case showing three anatomical variations including the aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA), the non-recurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN) and the right thoracic duct in a 59-year-old male cadaver. The right subclavian artery (RSA) arose from the descending aorta next to the left subclavian artery and coursed in between the oesophagus and the thoracic vertebrae. The recurrent laryngeal nerve did not coil around the RSA but directly entered the larynx. Lastly the thoracic duct terminated into the right brachiocephalic vein. This study makes an embryological assumption that the abnormal development of the RSA had happened first and subsequently caused NRLN and the thoracic duct drainage variation. As to our knowledge, only two reports have been made previously concerning such concurrent variations. Therefore, this case report alerts anatomists and clinicians to the possibility of simultaneous occurrence of ARSA, NRLN and the right thoracic duct
A study of semi-inclusive charmless decays
We study semi-inclusive charmless decays in detail, such as
, , , where does not contain a charm (anti)quark. We find that
the process () can be particularly
useful for determination of the CKM matrix element . We calculate and
present the branching ratio (BR) of as a function of
, with an estimate of possible uncertainties. It is expected that the
BR is an order of . Our estimation indicates that one can
phenomenologically determine with reasonable accuracy by measuring
the BR of ().Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures; Revtex; version accepted for publication in Eur.
Phys. J.
How to suppress undesired synchronization
It is delightful to observe the emergence of synchronization in the blinking
of fireflies to attract partners and preys. Other charming examples of
synchronization can also be found in a wide range of phenomena such as, e.g.,
neurons firing, lasers cascades, chemical reactions, and opinion formation.
However, in many situations the formation of a coherent state is not pleasant
and should be mitigated. For example, the onset of synchronization can be the
root of epileptic seizures, traffic congestion in communication networks, and
the collapse of constructions. Here we propose the use of contrarians to
suppress undesired synchronization. We perform a comparative study of different
strategies, either requiring local or total knowledge of the system, and show
that the most efficient one solely requires local information. Our results also
reveal that, even when the distribution of neighboring interactions is narrow,
significant improvement in mitigation is observed when contrarians sit at the
highly connected elements. The same qualitative results are obtained for
artificially generated networks as well as two real ones, namely, the Routers
of the Internet and a neuronal network
Larotrectinib efficacy and safety in TRK fusion cancer: An expanded clinical dataset showing consistency in an age and tumor agnostic approach
Background: TRK fusion cancer results from gene fusions involving NTRK1, NTRK2 or NTRK3. Larotrectinib, the first selective TRK inhibitor, has demonstrated an overall response rate (ORR) of 75% with a favorable safety profile in the first 55 consecutively enrolled adult and pediatric patients with TRK fusion cancer (Drilon et al.,NEJM2018). Here, we report the clinical activity of larotrectinib in an additional 35 TRK fusion cancer patients and provide updated follow-up of the primary analysis set (PAS) of 55 patients as of 19thFeb 2018. Methods: Patients with TRK fusion cancer detected by molecular profiling from 3 larotrectinib clinical trials (NCT02122913, NCT02637687, and NCT02576431) were eligible.Larotrectinib was administered until disease progression, withdrawal, or unacceptable toxicity. Disease status was assessed using RECIST version 1.1. Results: As of Feb 2018, by independent review, 6 PRs in the PAS deepened to CRs. The median duration of response (DoR) and progression-free survival in the PAS had still not been reached, with 12.9 months median follow-up. At 1 year, 69% of responses were ongoing, 58% of patients remained progression-free and 90% of patients were alive. An additional 19 children and 25 adults (age range, 0.1-78 years) with TRK fusion cancer were enrolled after the PAS, and included cancers of the salivary gland, thyroid, lung, colon, melanoma, sarcoma, GIST and congenital mesoblastic nephroma. In 35 evaluable patients, the ORR by investigator assessment was 74% (5 CR, 21 PR, 6 SD, 2 PD, 1 not determined). In these patients, with median follow-up of 5.5 months, median DoR had not yet been reached, and 88% of responses were ongoing at 6 months, consistent with the PAS. Adverse events (AEs) were predominantly grade 1, with dizziness, increased AST/ALT, fatigue, nausea and constipation the most common AEs reported in ≥ 10% of patients. No AE of grade 3 or 4 related to larotrectinib occurred in more than 5% of patients. Conclusions: TRK fusions are detected in a broad range of tumor types. Larotrectinib is an effective age- and tumor-agnostic treatment for TRK fusion cancer with a positive safety profile. Screening patients for NTRK gene fusions in solid- and brain tumors should be actively considered
Depletion of density of states near Fermi energy induced by disorder and electron correlation in alloys
We have performed high resolution photoemission study of substitutionally
disordered alloys Cu-Pt, Cu-Pd, Cu-Ni, and Pd-Pt. The ratios between alloy
spectra and pure metal spectra are found to have dips at the Fermi level when
the residual resistivity is high and when rather strong repulsive
electron-electron interaction is expected. This is in accordance with Altshuler
and Aronov's model which predicts depletion of density of states at the Fermi
level when both disorder and electron correlation are present.Comment: 1 tex file and 4 ps file
Influences of dynamical disruptions on the evolution of pulsars in globular clusters
By comparing the physical properties of pulsars hosted by core-collapsed
(CCed) and non-core-collapsed (Non-CCed) globular clusters (GCs), we find that
pulsars in CCed GCs rotate significantly slower than their counterparts in
Non-CCed GCs. Additionally, radio luminosities at 1.4 GHz in CCed GCs are
higher. These findings are consistent with the scenario that dynamical
interactions in GCs can interrupt angular momentum transfer processes and
surface magnetic field decay during the recycling phase. Our results suggest
that such effects in CCed GCs are stronger due to more frequent disruptions of
compact binaries. This is further supported by the observation that both
estimated disruption rates and the fraction of isolated pulsars are
predominantly higher in CCed GCs.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, Accepted in MNRA
Pseudogap-less high T superconductivity in BaCoFeAs
The pseudogap state is one of the peculiarities of the cuprate high
temperature superconductors. Here we investigate its presence in
BaCoFeAs, a member of the pnictide family, with temperature
dependent scanning tunneling spectroscopy. We observe that for under, optimally
and overdoped systems the gap in the tunneling spectra always closes at the
bulk T, ruling out the presence of a pseudogap state. For the underdoped
case we observe superconducting gaps over large fields of view, setting a lower
limit of tens of nanometers on the length scale of possible phase separated
regions.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Equivalence of -bosons using the exponential phase operator
Various forms of the -boson are explained and their hidden symmetry
revealed by transformations using the exponential phase operator. Both the
one-component and the multicomponent -bosons are discussed. As a byproduct,
we obtain a new boson algebra having a shifted vacuum structure and define a
global operatal gauge transformation.Comment: 18 pages, LaTex(run twice), To appear in J. PHys.
- …