The Chemical Compositions of Very Metal-Poor Stars HD 122563 and HD 140283; A View From the Infrared

From high resolution (R = 45,000), high signal-to-noise (S/N > 400) spectra gathered with the Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrograph (IGRINS) in the H and K photometric bands, we have derived elemental abundances of two bright, well-known metal-poor halo stars: the red giant HD 122563 and the subgiant HD 140283. Since these stars have metallicities approaching [Fe/H] = -3, their absorption features are generally very weak. Neutral-species lines of Mg, Si, S and Ca are detectable, as well as those of the light odd-Z elements Na and Al. The derived IR-based abundances agree with those obtained from optical-wavelength spectra. For Mg and Si the abundances from the infrared transitions are improvements to those derived from shorter wavelength data. Many useful OH and CO lines can be detected in the IGRINS HD 122563 spectrum, from which derived O and C abundances are consistent to those obtained from the traditional [O I] and CH features. IGRINS high resolutions H- and K-band spectroscopy offers promising ways to determine more reliable abundances for additional metal-poor stars whose optical features are either not detectable, or too weak, or are based on lines with analytical difficulties.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ (28 pages, 4 tables, 6 figures

Transfer Path Analysis of Output Noise Using Multi- dimensional Spectral Analysis Method For Vacuum Cleaner

ABSTRACT Noise reduction of vacuum cleaner is important, according as estimating quality of product. To reduce noise of vacuum cleaner, we need analysis of correct noise source and contribution grasping about Identified noise sources' output noise. Because noise sources' correlation exists in vacuum cleaner that is small and complicated system, and analysis is not easy. In this case, we need to apply Multi-dimensional spectral analysis (MDSA) method that can remove correlation among noise sources and grasp pure contribution degree of noise sources. In this study, we analyze transfer path analysis between output noise and input noise that measured in inside/outside of vacuum cleaner

GAIT ASYMMETRY IN CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME

It has been reported that approximately 80% of children with Down syndrome (OS) exhibit gait problems (Matteo, 2002), characterized by flat-footed contact with no heel-strike, excessive abduction of the leg in the swing phase, and abnormal knee and hip f1exions throughout the gait cycle (Parker et aI., 1986). Due to muscle hypotonia, muscle weakness, !igamentous laXity, and other orthopedic abnormalities, different gait characteristics exist. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gait (walking and running) asymmetry in children with OS

THE EFFECT OF 12-WEEK STRENGTH TRAINING ON GAIT CHARACTERISTICS IN ADOLESCENT WITH DOWN SYNDROME: A SINGLE CASE STUDY

It has been reported that approximately 80% of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) exhibit abnormal gait characteristics. They are exhibited by flat-footed contact with no heel-strike, excessive abduction of the leg in the swing phase, and abnormal knee and hip flexion throughout the gait cycle (Matteo, 2002). The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of a 12-week strength training program on the gait characteristics during walking by an adolescent with DS

High-resolution near-IR Spectral mapping with H2_{2} and [Fe II] lines of Multiple Outflows around LkHα\alpha 234

We present a high-resolution, near-IR spectroscopic study of multiple outflows in the LkH$\alpha$ 234 star formation region using the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer (IGRINS). Spectral mapping over the blueshifted emission of HH 167 allowed us to distinguish at least three separate, spatially overlapped, outflows in H${_2}$ and [Fe II] emission. We show that the H${_2}$ emission represents not a single jet, but complex multiple outflows driven by three known embedded sources: MM1, VLA 2, and VLA 3. There is a redshifted H${_2}$ outflow at a low velocity, \VLSR $<$ $+$50 {\kms}, with respect to the systemic velocity of \VLSR $=$ $-$11.5 {\kms}, that coincides with the H${_2}$O masers seen in earlier radio observations two arcseconds southwest of VLA 2. We found that the previously detected [Fe II] jet with $|$\VLSR$|$ $>$ 100 {\kms} driven by VLA 3B is also detected in H${_2}$ emission, and confirm that this jet has a position angle about 240$\degree$. Spectra of the redshifted knots at 14\arcsec$-$65\arcsec northeast of LkH$\alpha$ 234 are presented for the first time. These spectra also provide clues to the existence of multiple outflows. We detected high-velocity (50$-$120 {\kms}) H${_2}$ gas in the multiple outflows around LkH$\alpha$ 234. Since these gases move at speeds well over the dissociation velocity ($>$ 40 {\kms}), the emission must originate from the jet itself rather than H${_2}$ gas in the ambient medium. Also, position-velocity diagrams and excitation diagram indicate that emission from knot C in HH 167 come from two different phenomena, shocks and photodissociation.Comment: 32 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journa

The relationship between childhood asthma and socioeconomic status: a Korean nationwide population-based study

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate associations of socioeconomic status (SES) with asthma exacerbation and asthma-related hospital utilization factors among children with asthma in the Republic of Korea.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed population-level data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, collected from 2013 through 2019. SES was classified into five categories according to the national health insurance premiums quantiles (0 [lowest] to 4 [highest]). The hazard ratios (HRs) for asthma exacerbation, emergency department (ED) visits, hospital admission, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission were analyzed with respect to SES.ResultsAmong the five SES groups, SES group 0 (medical aid), had the highest tallies and proportions of children who experienced asthma exacerbations (n = 1,682, 4.8%), ED visits (n = 932, 2.6%), hospital admission (n = 2,734, 7.7%) and ICU admission (n = 14, 0.04%). Compared with SES group 4, SES group 0 had adjusted HRs of 3.73 (p = 0.0113) and 1.04 (p &lt; 0.0001) for ventilator support/tracheal intubation and administration of systemic corticosteroids, respectively. Relative to group 4, the adjusted HRs for ED visits, hospital admission, and ICU admission in group 0 were 1.88 (p &lt; 0.0001), 2.20 (p &lt; 0.0001), and 7.12 (p &lt; 0.0001), respectively. In the survival analysis, group 0 had a significantly higher risk of ED presentation, hospital admission, and ICU admission than the other groups (log-rank p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionCompared with children of higher SES, those in the lowest SES group had increased risk of asthma exacerbation, hospital admission, and receiving treatment for severe asthma symptoms