Attribution Des Noms Et Pratiques En Santé Materno-Infantile : Approche Socio-Anthropologique Des Enfants Sacrés En Pays Abouré Et Baoulé De Cote d’Ivoire

The birth of a child is considered as a joyous event and comes along with celebrations and festivities according to the tradition of each cultural group. The name given to the new-born may be that of a living grandparent, one of the parents, or a friend of the child’s father. However, the name given may also be related to the birth order. The birth of a child, who is a fragile and vulnerable being, gives rise to indispensable rituals that takes into account its rank. These rituals are not only for its survival and development, but also for its socialization and the transformation of its identity. Tradition also involves cultural identity through name assigning in order to protect the child from all kinds of diseases. Moreover, traditional practices regarding the issue of child health serves as forms of protection, humanization, and integration of the child into the society. What about the Aboure and N’Zipkly people? From a comprehensive perspective on the specificity of the names given from birth, this study aims to grasp the plausible influences on child health based on the relationships between the child and his name as perceived by the Abouré and N’Zipkly people. To achieve this, we asked ourselves the following questions: Why does a name has a significant influence on the health of the newborn? What is the relationship between child health and name? What are the socio-cultural practices of sacred children? Furthermore, there were various questions that led to data collection by observing activities and practices related to sacred children. The data collection was done using interview guides for mothers with children aged 0 to 5 years, grandparents, and traditional therapists

Variabilité Pluviométrique Dans La Région De Katiola Au Nord De La Côte D’ivoire (Afrique De l’Ouest)

L’objectif de cette étude est de mettre en évidence, la variabilité dans les séries pluviométriques de la région de Katiola, située au nord de la Côte d’Ivoire. Pour ce faire, des données de pluviométrie couvrant la période de 1949 à 2013 ont été utilisées. La méthodologie adoptée est basée sur le calcul de l’indice pluviométrique de Nicholson, et des tests statistiques de détection des ruptures et tendance (test de Pettitt, test de tendance de Mann–Kendall). Les résultats obtenus indiquent que sur la période déterminée, les hauteurs pluviométriques annuelles oscillent entre 550 et 2000 mm avec une valeur moyenne annuelle d’environ 1107 mm. L’analyse du graphe de variation de l’indice pluviométrique de Nicholson, met en évidence l’existence de deux sous-périodes. D’une part, une sous-période humide de 1949 à 1968 avec un excédent pluviométrique de 13,16% par rapport à la moyenne et d’autre part, une sous-période sèche de 1969 à 2013, marquée par les indices pluviométriques les plus négatifs avec un déficit de 7,13%. La Méthode du test statistique de Pettitt appliquée à la série chronologique révèle une rupture à partir de l’année 1968. Les résultats obtenus confirment donc l’existence de variabilité et de rupture dans les séries pluviométriques de la région de Katiola depuis la fin des années 1960. The aim of this study is to highlight variability and breaks in the rainfall series from Katiola region located in the North part of Côte d'Ivoire. For the purposes of this study, rainfall data during 1946 to 2013 period were used. The methodology is based on the calculation of Nicholson’s rainfall index and statistical tests of breaks detected and for trend (Pettitt’s test and Mann Kendall’s test). The results obtained indicate that annual rainfall height varied between 550 and 2000 mm with a mean value of 1107 mm. Analysis of the variation curve of the pluviometry index shows two sub-periods, a wet sub-period from 1949 to 1968 with a rainfall excess of 13.16% compared to the average, and a dry sub-period from 1969 to 2013 with most negative rainfall index and a deficit 7.13%. Pettitt statistical tests applied to rainfall time series reveals a break from the year 1968 onwards. The results obtained confirm the existence of variability and break in rainfall series from Katiola region, since the end of 1960s year

APPLICATION DU MODELE INVERSE AUX INTERACTIONS EAU-ROCHE DANS LES EAUX SOUTERRAINES DES METAGRANODIORITES, SUD-EST COTE D’IVOIRE

In Ivory Cost, few studies have been performed on the process of water-rock interactions in aquifers of basement. The study aim is to provide, from an inverse model by usgs program “phreeqci”, orders of magnitude of the mass transfer from each mineral during the process of water mineralization in the aquifer of metagranodiorites. We use mineralogy and geochemistry of water and rocks. The mineralogical study indicated paragenesis of plagioclase-feldspar-chlorite-biotite and amphibole. Kaolinite is assumed to be the clay product of silicate minerals hydrolysis in the study area. The simulation provided dissolution rate of 8.3 10-4 mol l-1 for plagioclase, 1.7 10-4 mol l-1 for chlorite, 9.4 10-5 mol l-1 for biotite and 2.3 10- 5 mol l-1 for amphibole during water-rock interaction process occurred 15,000 years ago

ANALYSE DE LA PRODUCTIVITÉ DES AQUIFÈRES DE FISSURES DU SOCLE PALÉOPROTÉROZOÏQUE DE LA RÉGION DE KATIOLA (CENTRE-NORD DE LA CÔTE D’IVOIRE)

In the area of Katiola, the main part of groundwater resources is contained in the discontinuous aquifers of the paleoproterozoïc base.This study relates to the analysis of the productivity of the aquifers fissured of the area starting from an approach which takes into account the comparative analysis carried out on the one hand with the flows and physical parameters, flows and lithology, flows and transmissivity and, on the other hand an ACPN of these parameters.The various results contribute to known the hydrogeological potentialities of the area of Katiola. The depths most productive meets between 30 and 75 m. The section from 20 to 50 m of weathered material offer the best flows.67% of the flows met in the area are weak, that can be charged to the lack of studies before the establishment of the works.The most productive AE are located in the first 35 meters under the base of altérites.The schists are more productive than the granite

APPLICATION DU MODELE INVERSE AUX INTERACTIONS EAU-ROCHE DANS LES EAUX SOUTERRAINES DES METAGRANODIORITES, SUD-EST COTE D’IVOIRE

In Ivory Cost, few studies have been performed on the process of water-rock interactions in aquifers of basement. The study aim is to provide, from an inverse model by usgs program “phreeqci”, orders of magnitude of the mass transfer from each mineral during the process of water mineralization in the aquifer of metagranodiorites. We use mineralogy and geochemistry of water and rocks. The mineralogical study indicated paragenesis of plagioclase-feldspar-chlorite-biotite and amphibole. Kaolinite is assumed to be the clay product of silicate minerals hydrolysis in the study area. The simulation provided dissolution rate of 8.3 10-4 mol l-1 for plagioclase, 1.7 10-4 mol l-1 for chlorite, 9.4 10-5 mol l-1 for biotite and 2.3 10- 5 mol l-1 for amphibole during water-rock interaction process occurred 15,000 years ago

Universal HIV screening at postnatal points of care: which public health approach for early infant diagnosis in Côte d'Ivoire?

BACKGROUND: Universal HIV pediatric screening offered at postnatal points of care (PPOC) is an entry point for early infant diagnosis (EID). We assessed the parents' acceptability of this approach in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, trained counselors offered systematic HIV screening to all children aged 6-26 weeks attending PPOC in three community health centers with existing access to HAART during 2008, as well as their parents/caregivers. HIV-testing acceptability was measured for parents and children; rapid HIV tests were used for parents. Both parents' consent was required according to the Ivorian Ethical Committee to perform a HIV test on HIV-exposed children. Free HIV care was offered to those who were diagnosed HIV-infected. FINDINGS: We provided 3,013 HIV tests for infants and their 2,986 mothers. While 1,731 mothers (58%) accepted the principle of EID, only 447 infants had formal parental consent 15%; 95% confidence interval (CI): [14%-16%]. Overall, 1,817 mothers (61%) accepted to test for HIV, of whom 81 were HIV-infected (4.5%; 95% CI: [3.5%-5.4%]). Among the 81 HIV-exposed children, 42 (52%) had provided parental consent and were tested: five were HIV-infected (11.9%; 95% CI: [2.1%-21.7%]). Only 46 fathers (2%) came to diagnose their child. Parental acceptance of EID was strongly correlated with prenatal self-reported HIV status: HIV-infected mothers were six times more likely to provide EID parental acceptance than mothers reporting unknown or negative prenatal HIV status (aOR: 5.9; 95% CI: [3.3-10.6], p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Although the principle of EID was moderately accepted by mothers, fathers' acceptance rate remained very low. Routine HIV screening of all infants was inefficient for EID at a community level in Abidjan in 2008. Our results suggest the need of focusing on increasing the PMTCT coverage, involving fathers and tracing children issued from PMTCT programs in low HIV prevalence countries

Correlates of maternal acceptance (n = 2962) of infant HIV testing (logistic regression).

<p>PEDITEST ANRS 12165 Study, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, 2008.</p><p>OR: Odds Ratio; aOR: Adjusted Odds Ratio. NI: not included.</p

Flow diagram of the population selection after a universal offer for early infant HIV diagnosis (N = 3013).

<p>Flow diagram of the population selection after a universal offer for early infant HIV diagnosis (N = 3013).</p

Rate of maternal acceptance and adequate parental acceptance for routine early infant HIV testing (N = 3013).

<p>Rate of maternal acceptance and adequate parental acceptance for routine early infant HIV testing (N = 3013).</p

Correlates of adequate parental acceptance (n = 2962) of infant HIV testing (logistic regression).

<p>PEDITEST ANRS 12165 Study, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, 2008.</p><p>OR: Odds Ratio; aOR: Adjusted Odds Ratio. NI: Not included.</p