Prevalencija crijevnih helminata u tovnih pilića u Trinidadu.

A study was conducted between September 2009 and August 2010 to identify intestinal helminths in commercial broiler chickens and estimate their prevalencet in Trinidad. Three hundred and forty four intact intestines of commercial broiler chickens were obtained from eight counties and examined. Of these 36 (10.5%) were found to harbor helminths. The chickens were found to have a single infection with nematodes (5.5%), a single infection with cestodes (4.1%) and a mixed infection with nematodes and cestodes (0.9%). No intestinal trematodes were detected. Four species of nematodes were identified as Ascaridia galli (5.8%), Heterakis gallinarum (0.9%), Subulura brumpti (0.3%), Capillaria sp. (0.3%), and the three species of cestodes found were Raillietina echinobothrida (2.3%), R. cesticillus (0.9%) and Choanotaenia infundibulum (2.3%). Helminth infection was found to be highest in the county of St. George (34.9%) followed by St. Andrew (14%), Caroni (9.3%), Victoria (9.3%), Mayaro (9.3%), Nariva (2.3%), St. Patrick (2.3%) and St. David (2.3%). A significant (P<0.001) difference was found in the prevalence of helminth infection between the counties. In spite of the short life span and rearing under intensive farm management, broiler chickens in Trinidad harbor several intestinal helminths.Provedeno je istraživanje radi identifikacije helminata tovnih pilića i određivanja njihove prevalencije u Trinidadu u razdoblju od rujna 2009. do kolovoza 2010. U sklopu istraživanja bila su pretražena 344 uzorka crijeva pilića podrijetlom iz osam pokrajina u Trinidadu. Helminti su pronađeni u ukupno 36 uzoraka crijeva (10,5%). U 5,5% pretraženih uzoraka bila je ustanovljena jedna vrsta nematoda, u 4,1% uzoraka jedna vrsta cestoda, dok je miješana invazija dokazana u 0,9% pretraženih uzoraka. Ni u jednom pretraženom uzorku crijeva nisu pronađeni metilji. Identifi cirane su četiri vrste nematoda i to Ascaridia galli (5,8%), Heterakis gallinarum (0,9%), Subulura brumpti (0,3%), Capillaria sp. (0,3%) te tri vrste trakavica Raillietina echinobothrida (2,3%), R. cesticillus (0,9%) i Choanotaenia infundibulum (2,3%). Najveća prevalencija bila je dokazana u pokrajini St. George (34,9%). Manja prevalencija dokazana je u pokrajinama Caroni (9,3%), Victoria (9,3%), Mayaro (9,3%), Nariva (2,3%), Sv. Patrick (2,3%) i Sv. David (2.3%). Značajna razlika (P<0,001) bila je dokazana u prevalenciji helminata u pilića iz različitih pokrajina. Može se zaključiti da neovisno o kratkom životnom vijeku i uvjetima intenzivnog uzgoja, proizvodnju tovnih pilića u Trinidadu ugrožavaju helminti

Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in the treatment of animal diarrhoea in Plateau State, Nigeria

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of diseases has generated renewed interest in recent times, as herbal preparations are increasingly being used in both human and animal healthcare systems. Diarrhoea is one of the common clinical signs of gastrointestinal disorders caused by both infectious and non-infectious agents and an important livestock debilitating condition. Plateau State is rich in savannah and forest vegetations and home to a vast collection of plants upheld in folklore as having useful medicinal applications. There is however scarcity of documented information on the medicinal plants used in the treatment of animal diarrhoea in the state, thus the need for this survey. Ten (10) out of 17 Local Government Areas (LGAs), spread across the three senatorial zones were selected. Farmers were interviewed using well structured, open-ended questionnaire and guided dialogue techniques between October and December 2010. Medicinal plants reported to be effective in diarrhoea management were collected using the guided field-walk method for identification and authentication.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 248 questionnaires were completed, out of which 207 respondents (83.47%) acknowledged the use of herbs in diarrhoea management, while 41 (16.53%) do not use herbs or apply other traditional methods in the treatment of diarrhoea in their animals. Medicinal plants cited as beneficial in the treatment of animal diarrhoea numbered 132, from which 57(43.18%) were scientifically identified and classified into 25 plant families with the families Fabaceae (21%) and Combretaceae (14.04%) having the highest occurrence. The plant parts mostly used in antidiarrhoeal herbal preparations are the leaves (43.86%) followed by the stem bark (29.82%). The herbal preparations are usually administered orally.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Rural communities in Plateau State are a rich source of information on medicinal plants as revealed in this survey. There is need to scientifically ascertain the authenticity of the claimed antidiarrhoeal properties of these plants and perhaps develop more readily available alternatives in the treatment of diarrhoea.</p