Capacidad gerencial, asociatividad y calidad como factores que se relacionan con el desempeño de las exportaciones de uvas frescas de la región ica en el periodo 2016 - 2020

En los últimos años, las exportaciones de uvas frescas han tenido un constante crecimiento. Las empresas exportadoras se enfrentan a entornos muy dinámicos, es por ello que, para el desarrollo de ventajas competitivas, es necesario adaptarse y adquirir nuevos conocimientos, que les permita abrirse a nuevos mercados. La presente investigación consiste en exponer a la capacidad gerencial, asociatividad y calidad como factores que se relacionan con el desempeño de las exportaciones de uvas frescas de la Región Ica en el periodo 2016-2020. Por medio de una metodología de tipo mixta, se analizaron los factores mencionados mediante dos análisis: cualitativo, a través de las entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a los principales actores clave y expertos en el sector que proporcionan información relevante; y un análisis cuantitativo, mediante encuestas a empresas exportadoras de uvas frescas pertenecientes a asociaciones y/o cooperativas de la Región Ica.In recent years, exports of fresh grapes have had a constant growth. Exporting companies face very dynamic environments, which is why for the development of competitive advantages, it is necessary to adapt and acquire new knowledge, which allows them to open up to new markets. This research consists of exposing managerial capacity, associativity and quality as factors that are related to the performance of fresh grape exports from the Ica Region in the 2016-2020 period. Through a mixed type methodology, the aforementioned factors were analyzed through two analyzes: qualitative, through semi-structured interviews carried out with the main key actors and experts in the sector who provide relevant information; and a quantitative analysis, through surveys of fresh grape exporting companies belonging to associations and / or cooperatives in the Ica Region.Tesi

T’arta

En el presente trabajo de investigación se evalúan todos los aspectos necesarios a tener en cuenta para iniciar un negocio de elaboración y comercialización de láminas de jabón hechos a base de esencias naturales como eucalipto, manzanilla y jengibre. Este proyecto está dirigido a mujeres y hombres del NSE A y B que habiten en Lima Metropolitana y que tengan edades entre 18 y 55 años. La propuesta de valor se basa en los insumos empleados para la elaboración de las láminas de jabón que servirán como desinfectantes para cualquier persona en estos tiempos de pandemia y por la coyuntura y necesidad mundial que existe por tener algún elemento que ayude a que una persona se proteja de alguna infección o enfermedad; asimismo, las láminas de jabón servirán como desinfectante pero, a su vez, servirán como protector de la piel de las personas que la usen ya que estarán hechas a base de esencias naturales como el eucalipto y la manzanilla que tienen componentes curativos y protectores. Teniendo en cuenta la coyuntura mundial, se comercializará este producto por un medio digital con un delivery directo y mediante la comercialización vía redes sociales o plataformas virtuales como páginas web de la empresa. Para el inicio de las operaciones se realiza un alcance de potenciales consumidores finales vía digital mediante la utilización de las redes sociales y plataformas virtuales como la página web de la empresa; es por ello que, hasta el momento se obtuvieron aprendizajes sobre el producto para lograr cumplir con las expectativas y exigencias del consumidor. Con estos datos se realizó una proyección y análisis de las ventas concretas y deseos de venta de los clientes para poder realizar un concierge y una proyección de ventas, teniendo en cuenta el tipo de láminas de jabón más solicitadas. Asimismo, se ha mejorado la planificación estratégica de la empresa al enfocarnos en un mercado en crecimiento en cuanto a la demanda ya existente de productos enfocados en la higiene y el cuidado personal.In this research work, all the necessary aspects to be taken into account are evaluated to start a business of elaboration and commercialization of soap sheets made from natural essences such as eucalyptus, chamomile and ginger. This project is aimed at women and men from NSE A and B who live in Metropolitan Lima and who are between 18 and 55 years old. The value proposition is based on the inputs used to make the soap sheets that will serve as disinfectants for anyone in these times of pandemic and because of the global situation and need that exists for having something that helps a person become protect from infection or disease; Likewise, the sheets of soap will serve as a disinfectant but, in turn, will serve as a protector of the skin of the people who use it since they will be made from natural essences such as eucalyptus and chamomile that have healing and protective components. Taking into account the global situation, this product will be marketed through a digital medium with direct delivery and through marketing via social networks or virtual platforms such as company web pages. To start operations, potential final consumers are reached via digital means using social networks and virtual platforms such as the company's website; That is why, up to now, learning about the product has been obtained in order to meet consumer expectations and demands. With these data, a projection and analysis of the specific sales and sales wishes of the clients was carried out in order to carry out a concierge and a sales projection, taking into account the type of soap sheets most requested. In addition, the strategic planning of the company has been improved by focusing on a growing market in terms of the existing demand for products focused on hygiene and personal care.Trabajo de investigació

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

The DUNE far detector vertical drift technology. Technical design report

DUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat