Development of High-Precision Three-Dimensional Images for Colonoscopy

Background: For three-dimensional image analysis, SYNAPSE VINCENT (Fujifilm, Japan) has been applied. Authors have continued various clinical practice and research with image study by computer analysis. Patient and Method: The patient is a 65-year-old female with further evaluation of colon. Method included abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan associated with injecting necessary amount of air from the anus. With maintaining this condition, CT scan was conducted two times of supine position and prone position. Results: The case had sigmoid cancer, which was presented irregular surface texture. Further, she had colon polyp in the sigmoid colon and diverticula in the descending colon. These images were presented in the display associated with i) the position and direction for observation, ii) CT image of the corresponding point, iii) endoscopic image for the corresponding region. Discussion: This image analysis system would be useful for clinical diagnosis, because the images have multiple angles and related situations of colon mucosa, folds, and stiffness and so on. The combined data can provide significant information including coronal, horizontal and sagittal planes. When the surgeon operates colon cancer, he can make the correct imagination of the lesion in advance. It seems to be beneficial for smooth treatment of surgical operation

Augmentation of Articulate Data using 3D Image Analysis

Background: Recently, the development of information and communication technology (ICT) has been remarkable utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) technology with deep learning. Three-dimension (3-D) image analysis technology has developed using computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Among them, SYNAPSE VINCENT system (Fujifilm, Japan) is known for its predominance. Patient and Method: The patient is a 52-year-old female with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who was suspected to have space occupying lesion (SOL) in the right kidney. Method included the investigation of enhanced abdominal CT with analysis of SYNAPSE VINCENT. Results: The detail analysis showed some findings as follows: i) coronal view of bilateral kidney shows well-enhanced left adrenal tumour, no apparent of right renal tumour, and atrophy of renal cortex, ii) the image rotated 30 degrees showed same findings, iii) the image rotated 180 degrees also showed atrophy of reverse side of right kidney. Discussion: In this case, the background of the atrophy of renal cortex has not been apparent, but it might be from diabetic nephropathy (DN). The application of VINCENT has expanded to various organs, such as liver, pancreas, biliary tract, and others, expecting augmentation of articulate data using 3D image analysis

Analysis of IGZO crystalline structure and its stability by first-principles calculations

In-Ga-Zn oxide (IGZO), an oxide semiconductor, has been actively researched as a semiconductor material having features different from those of silicon in recent years [1]. IGZO is used as a transistor material in backplanes of commercially available displays. Transistors including crystalline IGZO have high stability and thus are suitable for mass production [2]. Our previous studies revealed that the selected area diffraction pattern of an IGZO film formed at room temperature by sputtering is a halo pattern, whereas diffraction spots are observed in the diffraction pattern obtained by nanobeam electron diffraction with a probe diameter of 1 nm [3,4]. These results suggest that the IGZO film has rather nanometer-sized crystalline structures than a completely amorphous structure. We named this film “nano-crystalline IGZO (nc-IGZO) film.” Other researchers have reported that the nc-IGZO film has a crystalline-cluster composite structure, according to the analysis results obtained by grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction, anomalous X-ray scattering, and reverse-Monte-Carlo simulation [5]. In this study, an IGZO structure having a minute crystalline region, which was considered to exist in nc-IGZO as a local structure, was created by first-principles calculations and its stability was analyzed. The IGZO model having a crystalline region used in this study was obtained by a melt-quench method in the following manner. Note that the initial structure had a hexagonal-prism crystalline region at the center and an amorphous region (random atomic arrangement) around the crystalline region. The composition ratio was In:Ga:Zn:O = 1:1:1:4 and the density was 6.1 g/cm3. First, for structural relaxation with the crystalline region maintained, the amorphous region was fused in quantum molecular dynamics simulation (3500 K, 6 ps) while the atomic arrangement of the crystalline region was fixed, and the structure was cooled to 500 K at a rate of 500 K/ps and held at 300 K for 5 ps. Finally, the entire structure including the crystalline region was optimized towards the target structure (Fig. 1). An amorphous model was also created for reference. The amorphous model was obtained by quantum molecular dynamics simulation of the entire structure under similar temperature conditions without fixing the atomic arrangement of the crystalline region, followed by structural optimization. The comparison between the two models showed that the total energy of the IGZO model having a crystalline region was lower than that of the amorphous model (not having a crystalline region). This suggests that the crystalline region contributes to structure stabilization. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

がん間質の不溶性フィブリンを標的としたがん分子イメージング薬剤開発の基礎研究

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : （主査）東京大学客員教授 松村 保広, 東京大学教授 山本 一夫, 東京大学准教授 久恒 辰博, 東京大学准教授 尾田 正二, 東京大学教授 津本 浩平University of Tokyo(東京大学

Detail Analysis of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Using SYNAPSE VINCENT Technology

Background: Information and communication technology (ICT) has been developed remarkably with artificial intelligence (AI) and three-dimensional reconstruction image analysis. Patient and Method: The patient is an 84-year-old male with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The computed tomography (CT) data were analyzed by the application of SYNAPSE VINCENT system. Results: His ankle brachial index (ABI) showed 1.16/0.65 (right/left) with large difference as peripheral artery disease (PAD). He showed calcification of aorta calcification, the occlusions of left superficial femoral artery (SFA) and right tibial artery. Discussion: This technique can provide detail images, which contribute much for patients with arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD)

Postural change for supine position does not disturb toddlers\u27 nap

This study examined whether forced postural change from prone to supine during toddlers’ nap, a preventative measure taken in Japan for sudden unexplained death in childhood (SUDC), disturbs toddlers’ sleep. When the "Back to Sleep" campaign (BSC) was introduced to Japan in 1996, its recommendations were also applied to infants aged 1 year old and over with the expectation that the BSC recommendations may also contribute to a decrease in the occurrence rate of SUDC. Since then, Japanese nurseries have routinely conducted sleeping position checks and positional adjustments of toddlers every 5–10 min during naps. A total of 52 toddlers (age 18.4 ± 3.3 months, means ± SD) were continuously monitored for 8 h during daytime at nursery schools for wake-sleep status and body position (prone, supine and lateral) with actigraphs and 3-orthogonal-axis accelerometers. Out of the 52 toddlers, 24 toddlers adopted prone positions during naps, which were adjusted by nursery staff back to supine. When nursery staff manually changed the toddlers position from prone to supine, the toddlers either did not wake or woke only briefly (3.1 ± 4.9 min) and returned to sleep soon after the positional change. Our study indicates that manual change of toddlers’ sleeping position from prone to supine, a potential SUDC prevention method, does not disturb toddlers’ sleep during their naps

A perspective on SIDS pathogenesis. The hypotheses: plausibility and evidence

Several theories of the underlying mechanisms of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) have been proposed. These theories have born relatively narrow beach-head research programs attracting generous research funding sustained for many years at expense to the public purse. This perspective endeavors to critically examine the evidence and bases of these theories and determine their plausibility; and questions whether or not a safe and reasoned hypothesis lies at their foundation. The Opinion sets specific criteria by asking the following questions: 1. Does the hypothesis take into account the key pathological findings in SIDS? 2. Is the hypothesis congruent with the key epidemiological risk factors? 3. Does it link 1 and 2? Falling short of any one of these answers, by inference, would imply insufficient grounds for a sustainable hypothesis. Some of the hypotheses overlap, for instance, notional respiratory failure may encompass apnea, prone sleep position, and asphyxia which may be seen to be linked to co-sleeping. For the purposes of this paper, each element will be assessed on the above criteria