THE KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE LUMBAR, LUMBOSACRAL, AND HIP JOINTS IN THE DOLPHIN KICK SWIMMING

INTRODUCTION: The dolphin kick movement is commonly used in swimming. The low back pain (LBP) while using the dolphin kick motion is complained by many swimmers and that greatly influences their performance. Cailliet (1968) stated that LBP is caused by kinematic problems in the lumbar, the hip joint and the pelvis. Thus, the kinematic analysis that was included includes the pelvis, the hip joint as well as the lumber vertebrae was necessary for the prevention of the LBP. However, underwater analysis of the dolphin kick was not enough to explain the injury mechanism. Therefore the purpose of this study was the kinematic analysis of the lumbar, the lumbosacral, and the hip joints in the dolphin kick