23 research outputs found

    Essai de traitement des lixiviats par UASB : cas de la ville de Kasba Tadla

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    The objective of this study is to present the physicochemical characteristics of the fresh leachate household wastes at the city dump in Kasba Tadla in Morocco (Figure 1) and to make test a UASB treatment Technique (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket). According to the finding obtained during this study we have managed to show that the household wastes of the city of Kasba Tadla are always on the increase. The production of these waste are of the order of 11 787 ton during the year 2013, that is, 0.27 ton per person every year. This waste consists essentially of organic matter (74%), the paper (3%), plastic (9%), metal (1%) and glass (0.5%). The quantities of leachate produced monthly at the city of Kasba Tadla vary between a maximum of 131 m3 during august 2013 and a minimum of 22 m3 during December 2013, whose average is of the order of 79 m3 per month. The physico-chemical analysis of leachate of the city of Kasba Tadla shows a high concentration of organic matter (COD at about 26 720 (mgO2/l)) and high acidity (pH = 4,49), hence the importance of the treatment of these effluents through effective and adaptable technical of climatic conditions of the area like the technique of UASB technology, before being discharged directly into the environment. The results of the tests of leachate treatment by UASB technique allowed us to have a 94% reduction of COD and a passage to neutral pH (pH = 6.87). The results show the success of the leachate treatment by UASB technology in the study area, especially since this technique is already proposed by the urban municipality for the treatment of waste water.L’objectif de notre travail est de prĂ©senter les caractĂ©ristiques physico-chimiques des lixiviats frais des dĂ©chets mĂ©nagers Ă  l’entrĂ©e de la dĂ©charge de la ville de Kasba Tadla au Maroc et rĂ©aliser des essais de traitement par la Technique de UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket). Les rĂ©sultats obtenus durant cette Ă©tude montrent que la production des dĂ©chets mĂ©nagers et assimilĂ©s est de l’ordre de 11 787 tonnes durant l’annĂ©e 2013, soit 0.27 tonne/hab/an. Ces dĂ©chets sont constituĂ©s essentiellement de matiĂšre organique putrescible (74 %), de papier (3 %), plastique (9 %), mĂ©tal (1 %) et verre (0,5 %). Les quantitĂ©s de lixiviats produites mensuellement varient entre un maximum de prĂšs de 131 m3 en AoĂ»t 2013 et un minimum de moins de 22 m3 en DĂ©cembre 2013, la moyenne mensuelle Ă©tant de l’ordre de 79 m3 par mois. L’analyse physico-chimique des lixiviats de la zone d’étude montre une trĂšs forte charge organique (DCO de l’ordre de 26 700 mgO2/L), et une forte aciditĂ© pH = 4,49. Le traitement de ces effluents par une technique efficace et adaptĂ©e aux conditions climatiques de la zone d’étude est donc impĂ©ratif avant rejet dans l’environnement. La technique Ă©tudiĂ©e ici est un traitement biologique anaĂ©robie par UASB Technique (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket). Les travaux rĂ©alisĂ©s ont permis d’atteindre un abattement de 94 % de DCO et une neutralisation du lixiviat (pH = 6,87). Les rĂ©sultats obtenus confirment donc que la technique de traitement par UASB est adaptĂ©e aux lixiviats fortement chargĂ©s

    Etude expérimentale du traitement par évaporation forcée des lixiviats des déchets ménagers. Cas de la ville de Kasbah Tadla

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    The aim of our work is the development of an evaporation technique for the treatment of leachate from household waste in the city of Kasba Tadla to avoid rejection permanently in nature. taking into account the characteristics of the selected site which has a warm climate with temperatures that exceed 50 °C during the summer period we favored a forced evaporation processing mode. several models have been tested, the alternatives given on the position of the evaporation pans relative to the ground, coverage evaporation pans by glass plates and their angle of inclination and the presence or absence of systems agitation and ventilation. The tests were used to develop a final evaporation model forced with glass plates inclined with a stirring system of leachate. forced evaporation of leachate testing have helped reduce the time of evaporation of leachate by 50% approximately relative to natural evaporation and 30% compared to evaporation with plates of horizontal glass. the power evaporating of this technique from a value of 0,37 mm/day to reach a value of 1,5 mm/day during the winter period. the model developed shows evaporation performance and effectiveness for the treatment of leachate so it stands out as alterative techniques for the treatment of leachate.L’objectif de ce travail est le dĂ©veloppement d’une technique d’évaporation pour le traitement des lixiviats de la dĂ©charge de la ville de Kasba Tadla au Maroc. du fait des caractĂ©ristiques du site qui prĂ©sente un climat chaud avec des tempĂ©ratures qui dĂ©passent 50 °c pendant la pĂ©riode d’étĂ©, un mode de traitement par Ă©vaporation forcĂ©e a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tudiĂ©. les paramĂštres Ă©tudies sont la position des bacs d’évaporation par rapport au sol, la couverture des bacs d’évaporation Ă  l’aide de plaques vitrĂ©es, l’angle d’inclinaison des plaques et la prĂ©sence ou non des systĂšmes d’agitation et de ventilation. les essais ont permis de sĂ©lectionner un modelĂ© d’évaporation forcĂ©e avec des plaques inclinĂ©es et un systĂšme d’agitation du lixiviat. le systĂšme d’évaporation forcĂ©e dĂ©veloppe a permis de rĂ©duire le temps d’évaporation des lixiviats d’environ 50 % par rapport Ă  une Ă©vaporation naturelle et de 30 % par rapport Ă  une Ă©vaporation avec des plaques horizontales. il a Ă©galement permis d’augmenter la vitesse d’évaporation de 0,37 mm/j Ă  1,5 mm/j pendant la pĂ©riode hivernale. les performances d’évaporation obtenues permettent ainsi de valider le systĂšme comme technique altĂ©rative pour le traitement des lixiviats

    Elemental and spectroscopic characterization of humic-acid-like compounds during composting of olive mill by-products

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    Humic acids (HAs) were isolated at different stages of composting from two piles of solid olive mill residues (SOR) treated for the first 30 days with tap water (pile C1) or olive mill wastewater (pile C2), for a total composting period of 9 months. The HA fractions were characterized by elemental analysis, UV-visible, Fourier transform infrared and fluorescence spectroscopy in order to monitor humification process and the maturity of the composts. As composting proceeded, the elemental composition of the humic acids showed a decrease in C and H content, and in the C/N ratio, and an increase in N and O contents and in the C/H and O/C ratios. These changes could be attributed to a loss of aliphatic groups and to an increase of aromatic character, polycondensation and degree of oxidation of the HAs. Spectroscopic data agree and support these results, suggesting that the chemical and structural features of the HAs of both composts tend to reach those typical of native soil HAs, that is compounds with a high degree of humification and a high molecular weight and complexity. Therefore, both composting processes seem suitable to produce well-humified organic matter, with important benefits for their use in soil amendment. No differences appeared between the two treatments concerning the humic character of the two final composts. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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