Detecting mode entanglement: The role of coherent states, superselection rules and particle statistics

We discuss the possibility of observing quantum nonlocality using the so-called mode entanglement, analyzing the differences between different types of particles in this context. We first discuss the role of coherent states in such experiments, and we comment on the existence of coherent states in nature. The discussion of coherent states naturally raises questions about the role of particle statistics in this problem. Although the Pauli exclusion principle precludes coherent states with a large number of fermionic particles, we find that a large number of fermionic coherent states, each containing at most one particle, can be used to achieve the same effect as a bosonic coherent state for the purposes of this problem. The discussion of superselection rules arises naturally in this context, because their applicability to a given situation prohibits the use of coherent states. This limitation particularly affects the scenario that we propose for detecting the mode entanglement of fermionic particles.Comment: 7 pages (two-column

Photoacoustic characterization of phase transitions in amorphous metal alloys

In this work a pulsed laser photoacoustic technique is employed in amorphous alloys for the characterization of crystallization temperatures and the determination of the activation energies for the transitions. It is shown that the changes produced in the photoacoustic signal generated by low energy laser pulses (< 200 μJ), is a sensitive probe for detecting the crystallization of a metallic amorphous sample. A piezoelectric transducer attached to the sample by means of a glass substrate was used for the acoustic detection. The developed technique has the advantages of requiring a minimum amount of sample, with no special sample preparation or conditioning. In order to demonstrate the validity of the technique, it was applied to the study of the crystallization processes of the amorphous Mg-Zn alloy, comparing the result with respect to resistivity measurements

Flow-Representation Approach For ICMPV6-Based Ddos Attacks Detection

In addition to the address expandability, IPv6 broughts new functionalities, such as Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP) and address auto-configuration scheme, which depends on Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 (ICMPv6) protocol. ICMPv6 is delegated with more responsibilities than Internet Control Message Protocol version 4 (ICMPv4) in IPv4, and it is considered the backbone and the mandatory part in IPv6 native networks. IPv6 is vulnerable to a number of attacks from IPv4, besides new attacks have appeared within its new features. The most popular IPv6 attacks are Denial of Service (DoS) and its distributed version (DDoS) that use ICMPv6 messages. ICMPv6-based DoS & DDoS attacks are one of the major problems of today’s Internet, impacting economic damages in some serious cases

Part of the D - dimensional Spiked harmonic oscillator spectra

The pseudoperturbative shifted - l expansion technique PSLET [5,20] is generalized for states with arbitrary number of nodal zeros. Interdimensional degeneracies, emerging from the isomorphism between angular momentum and dimensionality of the central force Schrodinger equation, are used to construct part of the D - dimensional spiked harmonic oscillator bound - states. PSLET results are found to compare excellenly with those from direct numerical integration and generalized variational methods [1,2].Comment: Latex file, 20 pages, to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. & Ge

Some Comments on the Nucleation Phenomena

Some considerations on the nucleation phenomena are discussed. The lower energy points on the hypersurfaces generated by one up to ten molecules are obtained by means · of a recently described method for the study of molecular associations. Self. consistent reaction field calculations were also performed at the CND0/2 level in order to analyse its density matrix in terms of the Armstrong, Perkins and Stewart population analysis, for the minima previously determined

Plasma and intracellular (platelet) zinc levels in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients under different treatment modalities

The causes and degree of zinc (Zn) deficiency in uraemia are still controversial. The effect of different treatment modalities are still unsettled. Plasma Zn represents only a small part of the total body Zn (about 0.5%). Thus determination of intracellular Zn in the peripheral blood cells might be more reliable. The present study was designed to assess the actual Zn status in uraemia and to find whether the treatment modalities of CRF (conservative and dialytic) could influence Zn status. Also to determine the elfeet of single dialysis session, type of dialysis and dialysate buffer on the Zn status.This study included ten healthy controls and fourty CRF patients divided in three subgroups on different treatment modalities (10 conservative treatment, 15 on intermittent perioneal dialysis ((IPD) and 15 on haemedialysis (HD). Zinc was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in plasma and platelets. Statistically significant decrease of plasma Zn and significant increase of platelet Zn were found in CRF patients on different treatment modalities as compared to controls (P&lt;0.01), but there was no significant difference in this respect hetween the three uraemic subgroups. There was no difference as regard serum protein and albunun levels in uraemic subgroups compared to controls. Moreover plasma Zn was significantly increased (still less than control) and platelet Zn was significantly decreased (P&lt;0.01) after a single dialysis session in both IPD and HD subgroups, but the changes of both parameters (before and after dialysis) were insignificant in IPD patients compared to HD patients.Significant negative correlation was found between platelet Zn and creatinine clearance in the three uraemic subgroups (r = -0.81 P&lt;0.01 in conservative patients, r= -0.72 P&lt;0.01 in IPD and r= -0.76 P&lt;0.01 in HD) while no correlation could be detected between the duration of dialysis and each of platelet &amp; plasma Zn and between plasma Zn and each of platelet Zn, serum creatinine and clearance. Plasma Zn showed transient significant rise in HD patients using bicarbonate (11.6 ± 1.1 umol/L) as compared to those using acetate buffer (9.1 ± 1.3 umol/L), P&lt;0.01. We can conclude that intracellular measurements of Zn (platelet) is of value in diagnosis and monitoring of Zn status in uraemics. Different treatment modalities does not influence Zn haernostasis. with no superiority of particular type of dialysis in this respect. The effect of a single dialysis session and the use of bicarbonate versus acetate buffer was just a transient rise of plasma Zn due to haemoconcentration and better correction of acidosis during dialysis

The Quality of Civil Engineering Graduates: Case of Jordan

In this research we study the skills set and knowledge gap in civil engineering graduates and the market needs. Civil engineering is considered one of the most important engineering sectors in the world, and its effect directly impacts both GDP and employment; to keep and develop this field in Jordan, especially during the pandemic where students missed skills during the lockdown. In addition to, studying the changes in the market needs and building a new infrastructure depending on the increasing growth in population, then find a new method to introduce these skills and knowledge in the Jordanian universities. Moreover, find a way to improve the academic background in Jordanian universities to reduce the unemployment rates. This study was conducted mainly in Jordan, with some expertise being consulted from the region in six hypotheses