What is "Handling Difficulty Students" for School Teachers? : Throughout interpretation of text questionnaires by text mining

Recently, school teachers find new types of hard handling students. They do not always do illegal behavior nor make some troubles. However, they are difficult for teachers to manage them. The purpose of this research is to identify the characteristics of such handling difficulty students comparing with uncontrolled students. Sixty four elementary school teachers and fifty nine middle school teachers were participated in this research. They answered questionnaires with high quality text data about these students. We analyzed them by text data mining with word miner. The results are as follows; the most difficult managing students are related with bullying, school refusal, some kinds of violence and disrespectful attitude to teachers. On the other hand, handling difficulty students are selfishness, related with lack of attitude to listen to others and to work well with others, easily making fun of his/her friends and taking counterattacked attitude against teachers. Also teachers who answered that there were no handling difficulty students in his/her class were just twenty five percent. We discussed how to educate these hard handling students

What Kind of Strategies do Teachers Use to Manage for Hard Handling Students? : Analyzing on the diff erences among careers of teachers and schools with text mining method

Recently, school teachers find new types of hard handling students. They do not always do illegal behavior, but they make some troubles. However, it is difficult for teachers to manage them. The purpose of this research is to identify what kinds of strategies teachers use to build good conduct for hard handling students. Sixty four elementary school teachers and fifty nine middle school teachers were participated in this research. They answered questionnaires with high quality text data about copying styles against these students. We analyzed them by text data mining method with word miner in four levels of teachers' career and in the diff erences of elementary schools and junior schools. The results are as follows: Teacher use the strategies, such as, 'addressing to her/him,' making good relationship with her/him' for the most difficult managing students. Additionally, in the case of hard handling students, teachers make closer relationships with other teachers, parents and the principal. We also found the differences of strategies according to careers; young teachers are used to keep out of her/his problems, on the other hand, elder teachers use to some strategies, for example, giving her/him some responsibly to encourage doing good thing and trying to manage them by themselves against their problems. In elementary school, teachers ask their principle to help them; on the other hand, in middle school teachers asked other teachers to help them. We discussed how we establish richer strategies to build good conduct of hard handling students in Japan

Role of whole saliva in the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in seasonal allergic rhinitis

Background: The development of methods to predict the clinical effectiveness of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for allergic diseases is a crucial matter. We sought to determine whether whole saliva, which is the first body component that contacts allergen extracts during SLIT, is associated with the clinical effectiveness of SLIT in Japanese cedar pollinosis. Methods: Blood monocytes or monocytic THP-1 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of either whole saliva or pure saliva with or without treatments including filtration and blockade of TLR2 and/or TLR4 signaling. IL-10 levels in the supernatants were then measured. Whole saliva-induced IL-10 production by THP-1 cells was compared between asymptomatic and disease-onset patients during peak pollen dispersal after SLIT. Results: Both monocytes and THP-1 cells produced substantial amounts of IL-10 in response to whole saliva. IL-10 production was significantly reduced in response to pure saliva and 0.2 μm-filtered saliva. Simultaneous treatment with polymyxin B and TL2.1, a neutralizing antibody against TLR2, also reduced IL-10 production. IL-10 levels produced by THP-1 cells in response to whole saliva collected prior to SLIT were significantly higher in asymptomatic patients determined by symptom-medication scores than disease-onset patients following SLIT. Such differences were not seen in saliva collected 3 months after the initiation of SLIT or saliva collected during peak pollen dispersal. Conclusions: Our results provide a basis for why the sublingual route is effective and preferable in allergen immunotherapy. Saliva-induced IL-10 levels produced by THP-1 cells may be a predictive marker for clinical remission after SLIT. Keywords: Allergic rhinitis, IL-10, Prediction, Sublingual immunotherapy, Whole saliv