Clinical Observation of a Child with Down Syndrome and Glucose and Galactose Malapsorbtion Syndrome

The article deals with a clinical case of primary glucose and galactose malabsorption syndrome in a child with Down syndrome. Difficulty in diagnosis of glucose and galactose malabsorption syndrome in this observation is due to a combination of this disease with other genetic pathology. The article introduces pediatricians and family doctors to the possible comorbidities of various congenital nosological forms

Determination of sugar profile in viburnum fruits and its dosage forms by HPLC-RID

Background: In the Russian Federation, the viburnum fruits are used to obtain infusions and syrups as medications. This medicinal herbal raw material contains a large number of biologically active substances: vitamins, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, iridoids, carbohydrates, organic acids, lipids etc. The research aimed to study one of the biologically active substances group responsible for the formation of the organoleptic properties of aqueous extracts. monomeric carbohydrate composition and content. Materials and methods: Dried viburnum (guelder-rose) fruits, an aqueous infusion based on it, and viburnum syrup of industrial manufacture (Russia) were purchased from the pharmacy and prepared for research. For HPLC analysis of monomeric sugars Agilent 1260 Series HPLC system equipped with autosampler/injector, four-channel gradient pump, column thermostat, refractive index detector), software (Chem Station Version B.01), column (Waters Sugar-Pack I, 10 μm, 300 × 6.5 mm) were used. Isocratic elution was performed using purified water (with the addition of Ca-EDTA 0.05 mg/ml) as the mobile phase, at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The column was maintained at 80 °C, the refractive index detector - at 35 °C. The injection volume was 10 μL, analysis time - 20 min. Results: The main free carbohydrates of viburnum fruits and preparations based on them are glucose, fructose, and sucrose. The total content of simple sugars in the viburnum fruits is 28.393 ± 0.528%, in the infusion - 0.499 ± 0.015%, in the syrup - 69.736 ± 1.551%. The characteristic ratio of glucose: fructose: sucrose in dried viburnum fruits is 8.1:5.4:1, in infusion - 7.0:5.7:1, and in syrup - 9.2:8.8:1. The sugars' degree of passing into infusion is 74.34%. Conclusion: The composition and content of carbohydrates determined by HPLC-RID are an important characteristic data. It can be used for viburnum fruits Russian pharmacopoeial standardization along with the quantifying total content of organic acids. © 2020 Phcogj.Com