Intensification of the process of beverage production from dry fruit raw material of the Republic of Adygea

At present non-alcoholic industry enterprises are increasingly using various plants and fruits with natural healing properties, containing biologically active substances and multivitamin complexes that are useful for human health. The market of soft drinks is expanding due to the development of a new type of product-functional drinks.Functional drinks are characterized by high nutritional and taste value due to the content of easily digestible carbohydrates, mineral compounds, organic acids and biologically active substances.The research is based on the traditional technology used at the enterprises of the Republic for the production of “Shipovnik” and “Boyaryshnik” functional drinks and one of the most promising ways to intensify extraction using ultrasonic treatment.During the experiment extraction schemes from dry fruit raw materials have been studied and the possibility of their use as resource-saving technologies in the production of drinks from dried rosehips and hawthorn have been evaluated.The research methods used: determination of biologically active substances using capillary electrophoresis using Capel 105 “M” system, determination of the content of extractives using an IRF-454B2M refractometer, and an Expert-001 ionometer has been used to determine the pH.Microbiological parameters of the studied samples have been determined according to GOST R 50474-93 and GOST 10444.12-88. The data obtained correspond to norm indicators on the quantitative and qualitative composition of microflora for extracts. A tasting evaluation of the extracts has been carried out.The experimental data have shown the feasibility of ultrasonic extraction which allows the maximum extraction of biologically active substances for functional drinks from nontraditional vegetable raw materials of the RA, as well as to increase microbiological stability of a finished product, thereby extending the implementation period of the functional drink

New Generation of Compositional Aquivion®-Type Membranes with Nanodiamonds for Hydrogen Fuel Cells: Design and Performance

Compositional proton-conducting membranes based on perfluorinated Aquivion®-type copolymers modified by detonation nanodiamonds (DND) with positively charged surfaces were prepared to improve the performance of hydrogen fuel cells. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments demonstrated the fine structure in such membranes filled with DND (0–5 wt.%), where the conducting channels typical for Aquivion® membranes are mostly preserved while DND particles (4–5 nm in size) decorated the polymer domains on a submicron scale, according to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data. With the increase in DND content (0, 0.5, and 2.6 wt.%) the thermogravimetric analysis, potentiometry, potentiodynamic, and potentiotatic curves showed a stabilizing effect of the DNDs on the operational characteristics of the membranes. Membrane–electrode assemblies (MEA), working in the O2/H2 system with the membranes of different compositions, demonstrated improved functional properties of the modified membranes, such as larger operational stability, lower proton resistance, and higher current densities at elevated temperatures in the extended temperature range (22–120 °C) compared to pure membranes without additives