Physiological features of the cardiovascular system in hypertensive men under conditions of regular physical activity

In modern society, men often have arterial hypertension at the beginning of adulthood, which can progress rapidly and be complicated by thrombosis. It becomes necessary to improve the process of physical rehabilitation of hypertensive men of mature age. For this purpose, in men diagnosed with arterial hypertension, various schemes of systematic muscle activity are use

Optimization of the functional state of the cardiovascular system in women with a complex of dosage physical exertion

In the second mature age, women increase the prevalence of arterial hypertension, often complicating hypertensive crises. This circumstance requires improving the recovery options for this category of patients. It seems very promising to be used for this in women with arterial hypertension regular physical exertion for the purpose of their overall recovery, reducing the level of blood pressure and the prevention of hypertensive crise

EVALUATION OF AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RS5219 POLYMORPHISM OF KCNJ11 GENE AND THE RISK OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents from 90 to 95% of all diabetes and usually occurs in obese individuals above 40 years of age, is highly prevalent, associated with high morbidity and mortality from complications involving, first of all, the cardiovascular system. The risk of T2DM is determined by combined effects of genetic and environmental factors. Genes associated with T2DM have been identified, including the gene of ATPdependent potassium channel (KCNJ11); the prevalence of its polymorphisms may have some regional characteristics.Aim: To study an association between rs5219 KCNJ11  gene polymorphisms and the risk of T2DM in the population of the Moscow Region.Materials and methods: The study involved 1050  subjects, including 311  men and 739 women, 139 of whom (17 men and 122 women) had T2DM. Genotyping of rs5219 KCNJ11 gene polymorphisms was performed with the use of allele-specific amplification, the real-time detection and TaqMan-probes complementary to the DNA polymorphism sites.Results: The analysis of rs5219 KCNJ11 polymorphism frequencies showed that 14.2% of patients had TT genotype, 44.8 – CT genotype, and 41.1% – normal (wild) CC genotype. The prevalence of the mutant T allele was 36.6%, that of the C allele – 63.4%. The frequency of the mutant T allele in patients with obesity (body mass index≥30  kg/m²) was not significantly different from that in patients without obesity (body mass index<30 kg/m²) (38.8% and 35.7%, respectively, odds ratio (OR) 1.14, 95%  confidence interval (CI) 0.907–1.439, p=0.26). At the same time, energy expenditure at rest per kg of lean body mass was significantly lower in men who have rs5219 KCNJ11 gene polymorphism, both in homoand heterozygotes. The frequency of the T allele and TT genotype in diabetic patients was higher than in the control group. An association between TT genotype and the risk of T2DM was found (OR  2.35, CI 1.018–5.43, p=0.04).Conclusion: In the population of the Moscow Region, gene polymorphism rs5219 KCNJ11 contributes to the risk of developing T2DM which is most obvious and statistically significant in homozygotes

THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIAGNOSTICS AND ALIMENTARY PREVENTION SYSTEM OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Background: Violation of dietary intake structure leads to changes in nutritional status. This contributes to the development of non-communicable diseases, which account for more than half of causes of death inRussia. Materials and methods: In a consultative and diagnostic center "Healthy Nutrition" of theInstituteofNutritionthe nutritional status of 3580 patients (mean age 48.4±0.3  years) has been examined, including genomic and post-translational analysis. 30.0% of patients were overweight and 34.1% were obese.Results: Analysis of actual dietary intake showed an increase in energy intake due to excess intake of total (44.2%  energy) and saturated fat (13.6%). Serum biochemistry analyses revealed increased cholesterol levels in 68.7%  of patients, increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in 63.9%, increased triglycerides in 22.5%, and increased blood glucose in 29.4%. The frequencies of risk alleles of genes associated with development of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus were as follows: 47.8% for the polymorphism rs9939609 (FTO gene), 8.3% for the polymorphism rs4994 (gene ADRB3), 60.2% for the polymorphism rs659366 (gene UCP2), 36.6% for the rs5219  polymorphism in the gene of ATPdependent potassium channel.Conclusion: These results can be used for development of a personalized diet based on assessment of a patient's nutritional status