17 research outputs found
Effect of use of water, supersaturated with air, to reduce the severity of the cvonsequence of laboratory animals oxidative stress. I. The influence of water, supersaturated with air, on the bioelectrical mobility of the isolated cells
The objects of the study were erythrocytes and buccal epithelium cells. Hemolysis of erythrocytes and microelectrophoretic mobility of cells in artesian water supersaturated with nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide and oxygen were investigated. It was experimentally established that water with gas nanobubbles has a cytoprotective and membrane-resistant effect in the conditions of osmotic and toxic effects on both red blood cells and epithelial cells of the buccal epithelium, while having an activating effect on the cell, its compartments (core) and plasma membrane. The intensity of cell response depends on the nature of the gas phase nanomaterialy: nanomaterialy phase Ar activates cells to a lesser extent than the phase of air and O2. This dependence correlates with the solubility of gases. The activity is also due to the duration of water treatment.ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π±ΡΠΊΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π² Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, Π°ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠΌ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° Ρ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΡ, Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ (ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎ) ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΌΡ. ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π³Π°Π·Π° Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ: Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π° Ar Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π° ΠΈ ΠΎ2. ΠΡΠ° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ². Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ
Effect of use of water, supersaturated with air, to reduce the severity of the cvonsequence of laboratory animals oxidative stress. II. The hypoglycemic action of artesian water with gas nanobubble phase studied on lab rats in conditions of hypercaloric diet and experimental diabet
The influence of water with gas nanobubbles on the condition and biochemical parameters of blood of rats in conditions of hypercaloric diet and experimental diabetes was studied. The beneficial effect of water with gas nanobubbles on rats in conditions of a reduced-calorie diet and streptozocin and experimental alloxan diabetes is observed. In rats, which were on an unbalanced diet, including excess fat and carbohydrates, the use of water with nanobubbles maintains a balance in terms of glycosylated hemoglobin, helps to reduce the weight and amount of cholesterol in the serum. In rats with experimental diabetes, the intake of treated water by rats, in the absence of hypoglycemic therapy, leads to a decrease in glucose levels and glycosylated hemoglobin. The effect of water intake is more pronounced in rats with alloxan diabetes. The action of the gas nanobubbles similarly the action of drugs-antioxidants.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. Π£ ΠΊΡΡΡ, Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ Π±Π°Π»Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅. Π£ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
Ρ Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²-Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²
A comparative study of the effectiveness of magnesium orotate tautomers to compen-sate magnesium deficiency. II. The influence of oxo β and hydroxyforms of magnesium orotate on laboratory animals blood and tissues elemental composition
Under fusemide-induced hypomagnesemia in animals, the hydroxy form of magnesium orotate shows a higher rate of compensation for magnesium deficiency in the blood compared to the oxo form. Furosemide load is accompanied not only by hypomagnesia, but also by the development diselementosis of the body. Changes in elemental status are different depending on the organ. The amount of magnesium in the furosemide load decreases in serum, does not change in the heart, rises in the spleen and thymus. The injection of the hydroxy form of magnesium orotate levels the ratio of micro- and macronutrients in blood plasma and organ tissues. Magnesium deficiency is accompanied by signs of immuno-inflammatory reaction, leuko- and lymphocytosis, eosinophilia, a decrease in the number of erythrocytes and a decrease in the level of hemoglobin. An earlier and complete restoration of cytological parameters is noted in the group of animals with the introduction of hydroxy form of magnesium orotate.ΠΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ΄-ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΡ. Π€ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎ- ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°. Π Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈ-ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½Ρ
Effect of mechanoactivation of creatine and creatinine on buccal epithelium cells and erythrocytes electrokinetic activity
The influence of ball milling on the structure and biological activity of creatine and creatinine in relation to buccal epithelial cells and erythrocytes was studied. Mechanoactivation of creatine and creatinine does not change the type of crystal lattice, thus changing the lattice parameters. When creatine is mechanically activated, the steric position of the nitrogen-containing part of the molecule changes. The new structural state of the creatine molecule is unstable and breaks down after a few days in the powder sample, and the aqueous solution after 15 minutes. Ball milling leads to tautomeric transformation of a molecule of creatinine. It is revealed the interrelation of microelectrophoretic mobility with: 1) chemical structure of molecules: molecules with-N= and OH - groups and a large number of double bonds showed a slightly higher activity compared to tautomers with -NH and C=O groups; 2) charge state of nitrogen and oxygen atoms in molecules: increasing the charge on the nitrogen atom and lowering the charge on the oxygen atom is accompanied by an increase in the activity of cells in aqueous solutions of substances; 3) increased hydrophobicity and, consequently, lipophilicity of molecules of the dissolved substance leads to an increase the cells activity in the solution; 4) it is possible that the greatest activity of cells is shown in solutions having electrical conductivity in the region of ~80-90 Π‘ΠΌ; in solutions with lower (~25Π‘ΠΌ) and higher (~120Π‘ΠΌ) electrical conductivity the activity of cells is lower; it is possible that this effect is associated with the peculiarities of the interaction of charged functional groups of different nature with the cell membrane.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π±ΡΠΊΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π·ΠΎΡ-ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ. ΠΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ: 1) Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»: ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Ρ Ρ βN= ΠΈ OH- Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ βNH ΠΈ C=O; 2) Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»Π°Ρ
: ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π½Π° Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π½Π° Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²; 3) ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π°, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ» ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅; 4) Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ 80-90; Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ (25) ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ (120) ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅; Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ
CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS CONTENT OF THE COMPACT BONE IN RATS WITH ALLOXAN DIABETES
Introduction: Most of the socio-economic importance of diabetes is an early disability of patients suffering from it. Among the chronic complications of diabetes, there are also abnormal changes in bone tissue. Aim: The aim of our work was to study the changes in the amount of calcium and phosphorus (the main inorganic constituents of bone) in a compact bone tissue in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats at different stages of the disease. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted on 70 white mongrel male rats weighing 180 to 220 g. Using the method of atomic emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma we determined the content of calcium and phosphorus in the samples - femoral shafts weighting 5 mg. In homogenates of samples, we determined the activity of alkaline phosphatase. The entire list of measurements was repeated at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of experiment. Results: The work revealed the decreases in the content of calcium at 7, 14 and 28 days of observation and phosphorus throughout the experiment with maximum changes on the 7th day of the experiment: 25% (p = 0.00002) and 15% (p = 0.002), respectively, compared with control values (median: 1.9 mg -calcium, 0.73 mg - phosphorus). There was a strong direct correlation between calcium and phosphorus (r = 0.086; p <0.01) and an inhibition of activity of alkaline phosphatase on day 28 of the experiment. Conclusions: For the first time, we show that alloxan diabetes in rats is accompanied by a decrease in phosphorus and calcium content of the compact bone with a maximum change at day 7 of the experiment. There are phase changes in the activity of alkaline phosphatase characterized by an increase at day 7 and inhibition by day 28 of the experiment
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π°, ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°
The influence of domestic VNKh-L type nitrogen-containing corrosion inhibitors on the corrosion patterns of zinc coating on steel in a neutral environment was investigated. The paper aims to study the structure of the corroding zinc coating surface, as well as the influence of conditions simulating the degradation of inhibitors under actual application conditions on their protective properties. Mechanical activation in a ball planetary mill was used to simulate the thermal and deformation conditions of inhibitors. Zinc coating corrosion on steel was carried out in a sulfate-chloride environment simulating atmospheric corrosion and in borate buffer solution. The concentration of inhibitors in corrosion environments was 0,2 wt.%. The corroded surface morphology of the zinc coating was studied using the Philips SEM-515 scanning electron microscope (at an accelerating voltage of 10 kV) with an X-ray micro probe. Studies of the zinc coating corrosion rate on St 08 were carried out by the indirect measurement of corrosion resistance using the MONIKOR-1 corrosion meter. Borate buffer solution (Na2B4O7 + H3BO3, pH = 6,6) and the solution simulating atmospheric corrosion (NaCl + + Na2SO4, pH = 6,0) were used as corrosive environments. The corrosion rate of samples in corrosive environments without inhibitors was taken as 1. Exposure time of each sample in corrosive environments was 3 h. The chemical composition of corrosion products was studied by mirror reflection in the IR range. The IR spectra of metal plate surfaces were recorded on the FSM-1202 IR Fourier spectrometer in a wavelength range of 450β4000 cmβ1 with a resolution of 2 cmβ1 and an accumulation of 100 scans. A mirror reflection attachment with a 10Β° angle of incidence was used to obtain reflection spectra. The zinc coating corrosion rate in sulfate-chloride and borate environments in the presence of inhibitors based on benzotriazole and cyclohexylamine was virtually not reduced compared to the corrosion rate in the same environments without inhibitors. When both initial and mechanically activated inhibitors based on morpholine and benzotriazole are added to the corrosion environment, the iron corrosion rate decreases compared to the corrosion rate in the same environments without inhibitors. In the presence of initial and mechanically activated inhibitors of both groups, pitting corrosion of the zinc coating in the studied corrosion environments is observed. At the same time, the pitting depth under corrosion conditions is less than the zinc coating thickness.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°Π·ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ° ΠΠΠ₯-Π Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π° ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ, ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π° 0,2 ΠΌΠ°Ρ.%. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ΅ Β«Philips SEM-515Β» (ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 10 ΠΊΠ) Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π‘Ρ 08 ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ -1. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ ΠΈΡ- ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π±ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ (Na2B4O7 + Π3ΠΠ3, ΡΠ = 6,6) ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ, ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ (NaCl + Na2SO4, ΡΠ = 6,0). Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ° Π·Π° 1. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ° Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎ 3 Ρ. Π₯ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΠ-Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅. ΠΠ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΠ Π€ΡΡΡΠ΅-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π€Π‘Π-1202 Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ 450β4000 ΡΠΌβ1 Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 2 ΡΠΌβ1 ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 100 ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠ° Π·Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ³Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 10Β°. Π‘ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π°, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
Π±Π΅Π· ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ. Π ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ