Detection of streptomycin residues in local meat of bovine and ovine

From meat retails in Mosul province, forty-five meat samples of local ovine and bovine (23 bovine samples and 22 ovine samples) were collected. The period of collection was during November 2010 to May 2011, by means of multistage random sampling for detection of streptomycin residues. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for detection of streptomycin residues. The results revealed that eleven ovine meat samples (50%) were positive to streptomycin residue, with a mean value 35.06 µg kg-1, while 14 bovine meat samples (60.86%) were positive to residual streptomycin with a mean value 59.56 µg kg-1. From the results, it is clear that all tested meat samples (ovine and bovine) were safe enough for human consumption

Extraction of Staphylococcus aureus toxin from minced meat in Mosul City

This study was conducted to isolate and identify of Staph.aureus with its toxin from (41) sample of minced meat from different areas of Mosul city collected between April to July 2007. The positive samples to bacterial isolation reached 14.6%.In order to search the effect of bacterial toxin 0.2 ml and 0.4 ml of the toxins have been give orally and injected interperitonealy , respectively in albino mice. Histopathological changes of this toxin were described, the results showed the presence of vascular degeneration and apoptosis in hepatocyt as well as vascular and fatty degeneration in the tubercular epithelium of kidney. In the brain tissue the lesion was characterize by presence of vacuolation, gliosis and privascular odema, also the results revealed elongation and blunting of villi associated with lymphocytic proliferation in lamina properia of intestine. The histopathological changes were more severe in dose 0.4 ml as compared with 0.2 ml bacterial toxin

Location information verification using transferable belief model for geographic routing in vehicular ad hoc networks

Location verification has witnessed significant attention in vehicular communication due to the growth in number of location based intelligent transport system (ITS) applications. The traditional cryptography based techniques have been suggested to secure and verify location of vehicles. The traditional techniques increase protocol complexity and computational overhead due to the ad hoc nature of vehicular network environments. In this context, this study proposes two layered location information verification cum security (LIVES) technique based on transferable belief model (TBM). In layer 1, tiles based verification is performed using the concepts of virtual tiles on roads and received signal strength. In layer 2, TBM based verification is performed. Specifically, the belief of the presence of a vehicle on each tiles, and the belief of the presence of a vehicle as neighbour of other neighbouring vehicles are combined as collective belief to attest the location claim of a neighbour vehicle. The performance of LIVES is evaluated with road-based and map-based network environments. The single, mixed and multiple adversary vehicles are considered in both the network environments. The comparative performance evaluations attest the benefits of LIVES as compared with the verification and inference of position using anonymous beaconing and without using LIVES

Location information verification using transferable belief model for geographic routing in vehicular ad hoc networks

Location verification has witnessed significant attention in vehicular communication due to the growth in number of location based intelligent transport system (ITS) applications. The traditional cryptography based techniques have been suggested to secure and verify location of vehicles. The traditional techniques increase protocol complexity and computational overhead due to the ad hoc nature of vehicular network environments. In this context, this study proposes two layered location information verification cum security (LIVES) technique based on transferable belief model (TBM). In layer 1, tiles based verification is performed using the concepts of virtual tiles on roads and received signal strength. In layer 2, TBM based verification is performed. Specifically, the belief of the presence of a vehicle on each tiles, and the belief of the presence of a vehicle as neighbour of other neighbouring vehicles are combined as collective belief to attest the location claim of a neighbour vehicle. The performance of LIVES is evaluated with road-based and map-based network environments. The single, mixed and multiple adversary vehicles are considered in both the network environments. The comparative performance evaluations attest the benefits of LIVES as compared with the verification and inference of position using anonymous beaconing and without using LIVES. © 2016. The Institution of Engineering and Technology

A Reduced Order Life Prediction Modeling Approach For Materials Under Thermomechanical Fatigue

Low alloy steels remain to be the materials of choice for large structural components at elevated temperature for extended periods of time. The material 2.25Cr-1Mo is frequently used in boilers, heat exchanger tubes, and throttle valve bodies in both turbo machinery and pressure-vessel/piping applications alike. The resistance of this alloy to deformation and damage under creep and/or fatigue at elevated temperature make it suitable for components expected to endure decades of service. In the present work, a life prediction approach is developed for cases where the material is experiencing conditions where creep and fatigue exist. Parameters for the approach are based on regression fits in comparison with a broad collection experimental data. The data are comprised of low cycle fatigue (LCF) and creep fatigue (CF) experiments. The form of the life prediction model follows the cumulative damage approach where dominant damage maps can be used to identify primary micro structural mechanism associated with failure. The total damage is divided between three different modules in this approach: fatigue, creep, and environmental fatigue. Life calculations are facilitated by the usage of a non-interacting creep-plasticity constitutive model capable of representing not only the temperature-and rate-dependence, but also the history-dependence of the material