Transformation of the Socio-economic Model of China in the Context of a Pandemic

The article explored the impact of the pandemic and the ensuing quarantine on the Chinese economy and its attractiveness to foreign investors. At the end of the first quarter of 2020, there was a sharp decline in almost all Chinese socio-economic indicators. The year to year decline in GDP, retail sales and exports by 6.8%, 19% and 11.4% respectively, looked especially dramatic. Against that negative background, the question arose, firstly, about the urgent launch of the program to stimulate the economy and, secondly, the need to develop and implement a new model of economic development for the PRC.After a slight delay, the Chinese authorities launched a series of fiscal and monetary measures aimed at supporting the national economy, including: reducing or canceling various payments to the budget (taxes, social security contributions, etc.), reducing loan rates, the ratio of reserve requirements, direct and indirect payments to citizens, etc.Thanks to government support measures, the main socio-economic indicators for the third quarter of 2020 showed growth, although less than Beijing would like. The lack of private consumption by Chinese households remains the main problem.Implementing support measures, the Chinese authorities have unveiled a new strategy for economic development, called «dual circulation», which aims to stimulate domestic private consumption.The authors come to the conclusion that, firstly, despite external and internal challenges, China, as a whole, will be able to achieve the indicative indicators laid down in the 13th five-year plan for the social and economic development of the PRC for 2016-2020. Secondly, the tasks of complete elimination of poverty in the country will be successfully solved and plans for the construction of a society of «moderately prosperous society» will be implemented. Thirdly, China in the short and medium term will retain its attractiveness for foreign investment, but not within the framework of the «investment in the production of goods for export» scheme, but within the framework of «investment in the production of goods for domestic consumption»

C60F2 exists!

From the fluorination of [60]fullerene with K2PtF6 at 470 degrees C under ca. 0.01 bar we have isolated (HPLC) 1,2-F2C60, the structure of which is confirmed by C-13 NMR and a single F-19 NMR line at -148.3 ppm

Isolation and characterisation of C60F16; a key to understanding fullerene addition patterns

From the reaction between [60]fullerene and K2PtF6 at 465 degrees C we have isolated C-s symmetric C60F16, the structure of which provides fundamental information concerning the manner in which addition takes place to fullerenes

Formation and characterisation of C60F8O, C60F6O and C60F4O; the sequential pathway for addition to fullerenes

C60F8O, C60F6O and C60F4O, obtained from the reaction of [60]fullerene with K2PtF6 at 465 degrees C, have the lowest fluorine contents of any fluorofullerene yet isolated; the addend motifs in each are subsets of that found in C60F18 and indicate how polyaddition levels are created in fullerenes

Isolation and spectroscopic characterisation of C60F18CF2, the first difluoromethano 60 fullerene

From the fluorination of [60]fullerene by K2PtF6 at 465 degrees C under 0.1 bar, we have isolated and characterised C60F18CF2 which has C-s symmetry and is isostructural with C60F18O; it co-elutes (HPLC) with a minor unsymmetrical isomer

Reaction of [60]Fullerene with Terbium(IV) Fluoride

A reaction between [60]fullerene and terbium(IV) fluoride is shown to be a new example of the thermally induced disruption of the fullerene skeleton. "Hyperfluorination" occurs at the elevated temperature (350 degrees C) thereby producing species C60Fx (x > 60) The fluorination products were characterized by mass spectrometry and IR spectroscopy methods

Isolation and characterisation of two oxahomofullerene derivatives of C60F18

From the products of the reaction of [60]fullerene with K2PtF6 under vacuum at 465 degreesC we have isolated two minor isomers of C60F18O, and characterised them by EI mass spectrometry, IR and F-19 NMR spectroscopy. Calculations, the NMR spectra, thermal degradation, and the lack of evidence for the existence of precursors for the formation of epoxides indicate that, like the major isomer recently fully characterised, both are ethers. The results emphasise that oxides of fullerene derivatives may be either epoxides or ethers. Calculations show a correlation between length of the FC-CF bonds and heat of formation of the ethers, reinforcing our previous conclusion that the bond length is a driving force for ether formation. Given this, one can anticipate ether formation in other derivatised fullerenes which possess a long alpha,beta -bond