Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Chasmanthera dependens leaf methanol extract.

A methanol extract of the dried leaves of Chasmanthera dependens was investigated for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. The extract (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) produced dose-related inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma in rats. Furthermore, an inhibition in the leakage of Evan's blue induced by acetic acid was observed in mice. At same doses, analgesic effect was also observed on writhing response induced by acetic acid as well as on the early and late phase of formalin-induced paw licking in mice

Antiinflammatory property of the leaves of Gongronema latifolium.

An aqueous extract of the dried leaves of Gongronema latifolium was studied for its antiinflammatory activity. The extract significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema, carrageen-induced leucocyte migration in rats and dye leakage induced by intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid in mice. These results demonstrate the antiinflammatory property of G. latifolium

Lidocaine 10% sprays versus oral diclofenac sodium for pain relief in women undergoing hysterosalpingography for infertility workup: A randomized clinical trial

ABSTRACTBackground Tubal disease is the leading cause of female infertility in the West African sub-region and hysterosalpingography (HSG) is the first-line imaging technique in its assessment. HSG is an acutely painful procedure. Various studies on analgesia for HSG were inconclusive. We compared the efficacy of 10 mg lidocaine 10% spray and 50 mg oral diclofenac sodium for pain relief during HSG.Methods This randomized clinical trial was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC) Ile-Ife, Nigeria between December 2019 and December 2021, among one hundred and eight eligible women undergoing HSG as part of their infertility workup. Ethical clearance was obtained from the ethics committee of the hospital with Protocol number ERC/2019/01/14. They were randomized into two groups. One group of 54 patients received 10 mg of 10% lidocaine spray and an oral placebo, while the second group of 54 women had 50 mg of oral diclofenac sodium and normal saline spray. Pain scores were assessed using a 10 cm visual analog scale at cervical traction, instillation of contrast media, and thirty minutes after HSG. The mean pain scores, the need for additional analgesia, and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups.Result Those in the oral diclofenac group had significantly lower pain scores than the 10% Lidocaine group 30 minutes after HSG; 1.13 ± 1.06 Vs. 2.04 ± 1.26 (p < 0.001). The additional analgesic requirement also showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion This study showed that oral diclofenac sodium is comparable to lidocaine spray for pain relief during HSG. It also has the additional benefit of improved quality of life 30 mins after HSG as evidenced by effective pain relief. Consideration should be given to the use of oral diclofenac sodium for pain relief during and after HSG in well-selected patients

Studies on the anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties of Alstonia boonei stem bark.

The methanol extract of the stem bark of Alstonia boonei was investigated for anti-inflammatory property. The analgesic and antipyretic properties of the extract was also evaluated. The extract caused a significant (P<0.05) inhibition of the carrageenan-induced paw oedema, cotton pellet granuloma, and exhibited an anti-arthritic activity in rats. Vascular permeability induced by acetic acid in the peritoneum of mice was also inhibited. The extract also produced marked analgesic activity by reduction of writhings induced by acetic acid, as well as the early and late phases of paw licking in mice. A significant (P<0.05) reduction in hyperpyrexia in mice was also produced by the extract. This study has established anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the stem bark of A. boonei

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Gongronema latifolium

Chemical composition of Gongronema latifolium leaves was determined using standard methods. Aqueous and methanol G. latifolium extracts were tested against thirteen pathogenic bacterial isolates. Crude protein, lipid extract, ash, crude fibre and nitrogen free extractives obtained are: 27.2%, 6.07%, 11.6%, 10.8% and 44.3% dry matter respectively. Potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus and cobalt contents are 332, 110, 115, 125 and 116 mg/kg respectively. Dominant essential amino acids are leucine, valine and phenylalanine. Aspartic acid, glutamic acid and glycine are 13.8%, 11.9% and 10.3% respectively of total amino acid. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids are 50.2% and 39.4% of the oil respectively. Palmitic acid makes up 36% of the total fatty acid. Extracts show no activity against E. faecalis, Y. enterolytica, E. aerogenes, B. cereus and E. agglomerans. Methanol extracts were active against S. enteritidis, S. cholerasius ser typhimurium and P. aeruginosa (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 1 mg; zone of growth inhibition 7, 6.5 and 7 mm respectively). Aqueous extracts show activity against E. coli (MIC 5 mg) and P. aeruginosa (MIC 1 mg) while methanol extracts are active against P. aeruginosa and L. monocytogenes. G. latifolium has potential food and antibacterial uses