Features of the tourist enterprises image formation

The article defines the types of tourist enterprises depending on the duration of operation on the market and the features of activities to maintain and develop their image based on the empirical data obtained as a result of the tourist services market research in Yalta (Republic of Crimea). These are enterprises that are that for the first time begin to operate in the tourist market and form their image, enterprises that are active in the market, but do not form their image; enterprises that need to review or completely change their image building activities.For each type of enterprise, the stages of the image formation, including the necessary marketing tools, have been developed and substantiated: for the first type of the enterprises – determination of the image audience, development and approval of corporate identity, implementation of internal and external image building, image management; for the second type – image audit, analysis of the causes of the loyalty loss, development and implementation of image events; for the third type – image audit, choice of approach to the image program implementation. It is proved that the image of the tourist enterprise is characterized by a life cycle.It is proposed to consider four stages of the life cycle: formation; development; stability; blurring and loss. The characteristic features of the stages, management goals and the program of image building events have been determined

Russian citizens' perceptions of corruption and trust of the police

Since 1991, Russian citizens\u27 perception of the police has been consistently overwhelmingly negative. Both direct and vicarious citizen experiences with the police were examined to identify potential factors that may explain the pervasive and persistent negative perceptions. An original survey of citizens (N=509) was analysed with structural equation modelling techniques to determine how various forms of corruption (including bribery, unfair treatment and abuse of power), and social class standing influenced perceptions. Experiences with corruption had significant negative correlations with police trust. Trust was found to be independent of social class position. Bribery and abuse of power had significant co-variations with unfair treatment. Citizens actively avoid any police contact; therefore, their perceptions appear to be predominately influenced by a lack of institutional trust. The findings are consistent with the extant research. © 2013 © 2013 Taylor & Francis