Fruit and vegetables intake among elderly Iranians: a theory-based interventional study using the five-a-day program

Abstract Background The benefit of FV intake in old age is well documented. However, there is evidence that old people do not consume enough FV. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a tailored nutrition intervention that aimed to increase the FV intake among elderly Iranians aged 60 and over. Methods This quasi-experimental study was performed among a community-based sample of elderly in Tehran, Iran in year 2008 to 2009. Data were collected at baseline and 4 weeks follow-up. At baseline face-to-face interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire including items on demographic information, stages of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance, daily servings of FV intake. Follow-up data were collected after implementing the intervention. Results In all 400 elderly were entered into the study (200 individuals in intervention group and 200 in control group). The mean age of participants was 64.06 ± 4.48 years and overall two-third of participants were female. At baseline total FV intake was not differed between two groups but it was significantly increased in the intervention group at posttest assessment (mean serving/day in intervention group 3.08 ± 1.35 vs. 1.79 ± 1.08 in control group; P = 0.001). Further analysis also indicated that elderly in intervention group had higher FV intake, perceived benefits and self-efficacy, and lower perceived barriers. Compared with control group, greater proportions of elderly in intervention group moved from pre-contemplation to contemplation/preparation and action/maintenance stages (P Conclusion This study suggests that the Transtheoretical Model is a useful model that can be applied to dietary behavior change, more specifically FV consumption among elderly population in Iran and perhaps elsewhere with similar conditions.</p

Adecuación de la prescripción de hipolipemiantes y riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con hipercolesterolemia

St. Josaphat's: "School Children" / St. Josaphat'sGrayscal

Adecuación de la prescripción de hipolipemiantes y riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con hipercolesterolemia

Objetivo: Valorar la adecuación en la prescripción de hipolipemiantes y conocer diversas características clinicoepidemiológicas de los pacientes con hipercolesterolemia. Método: Población objeto de estudio: todos los pacientes con hipercolesterolemia pertenecientes a tres centros de salud urbanos. Muestreo por conglomerados monoetápico (n = 724). Estudio descriptivo con dos tipos de diseño: longitudinal retrospectivo y transversal. Para el primero de los diseños se utilizaron las nuevas tablas de riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) de Sheffield; para el segundo, las de Framingham por categorías (Grundy). Resultados: Entre los pacientes en prevención primaria, hubo una adecuación en la prescripción en un 44,2% de los pacientes. Tienen actualmente un riesgo absoluto elevado (&#8805; 20% a 10 años) un 8,9% (1,1) de nuestros pacientes de 30 a 74 años de edad en prevención primaria. Están con un riesgo relativo elevado un 6,0% (0,8) y levemente por encima del límite un 18,1% (2,0). Conclusiones: En más de la mitad de los pacientes se prescribieron hipolipemiantes sin estar indicados mediante una tabla de riesgo. El RCV actual de nuestros pacientes es satisfactorio