Prevalence of hydatid cyst in human and animals in Sulaimaniya city and Saedsadq distract

Background: Hydatid disease is widespread and considered endemic in the Middle East and the Mediterranean, Iraq is one of the countries with a high endemicity of this disease. Objectives: The aim of this study is to diagnose hydatidosis and to identify the prevalence in human and animals in two different areas Sulaimaniya governorate which include Sulaimaniya city and Saedsadq district., Methods: Seroepidemiological survey was conducted by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Indirect Haemagglutination IHA to detect anti Echinococcus granulosus antibody in random blood samples (536) of different sex, ages, and occupation out patients, in Sulaimaniya and Saedsadq. In the animal study inspection and examination of the internal organs (liver, lungs, spleen and heart)  Results: The Seropositivty in Saedsadq was higher( 3.7% )than in Sulaimaniya( 2.5%), and in female (2.8%, 6.4%) were higher than in male (1.6%, 1.2%) respectively both in Sulaimaniya and Saedsadq. In animal study results revealed that In Sulaimaniya infection rates were (1.5% of sheep, 0.5% of goats and 0.2% of cattle), less than in Saedsadq (7.5%, 2.8% and 1.7%) respectively, Conclusion: The seropositive was higher in Saedsadq than Sulaimaniya , and higher among females than males in all age groups. The prevalence and fertility of hydatid cysts in sheep is higher than goat and cattle, sheep. Liver is the main involved organ

Patterns of knowledge and safety use of energy drinks use during COVID pandemic era among athletes and sport adolescents in Kyrenia-northern Cyprus

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Exploring the Consumption of Organic Foods in the United Arab Emirates

The objectives of this study were to determine the extent of organic food consumption in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), examine the consumers’ perceptions of the effects of organic foods on human health and the environment, and investigate the factors that limit the consumption of organic foods. Five hundred questionnaires were randomly distributed to communities in the UAE from October to December 2013, and 266 questionnaires were completed and returned giving us a response rate of 53%. Our findings indicated that organic food is more recognized among the youth. Furthermore, organic fish, fruits, and chocolates are consumed more than other types of organic foods. Health and environmental awareness are the main reasons that people consume organic foods. Moreover, the development of society, an individual’s social level and peers, and advertisements encourage people to buy organic foods by presenting the consumption of organic foods as a new trendy lifestyle that generates a type of prestige. Conversely, cost, availability, shelf life, taste, and a lack of knowledge are the main factors that limit the consumption of organic foods. We recommend that organic foods should be highlighted more through research, media, lectures, and health campaigns to enhance the public’s knowledge of organic foods. Moreover, we believe that the cost of organic foods could be reduced by increasing the number of standard local organic food farms throughout the UAE

Evaluation and prediction of depression and anxiety among patients with chronic disease conditions during the pandemic COVID-19 era

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Impact of dome projection on operative steps during clipping of a ruptured pure posteriorly directed posterior communicating artery aneurysms

Background: Ruptured posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysms are common; they usually present with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and oculomotor nerve palsy. The aneurysmal dome projection may influence the safety access and aneurysmal neck clipping. Here, we discuss additional intraoperative steps that may be required to widen the surgical field to ensure safe surgical clipping of a rupture pure posteriorly directed PCoA aneurysm. Case description: A previously healthy 38-year-old male reported sudden severe headache and disturbed level of consciousness with a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) of 13. His initial computed tomography (CT) scan of the head showed SAH in the basal cistern. 3D-constructed CT angiography (CTA) revealed a left pure posteriorly directed PCoA aneurysm. In the surgery, through the left pterional approach, all intraoperative steps were carried out. Additional steps were performed as well. Three additional intraoperative steps were contemplated because a pure posteriorly directed PCoA aneurysm is not well appreciated and is often hidden behind the supra cliniold internal carotid artery (ICA). First, the extension of Sylvian fissure dissection to include the distal part and the proximal. Second, temporal pole mobilization is performed by cutting small anterior temporal veins. Third, a brain retractor is placed on the temporal lobe to gently tract the superficial part of the lobe. All these steps widened the surgical corridor to ensure the aneurysm's safe clipping. Conclusion: Surgical clipping is influenced by the aneurysmal dome projection. In a ruptured pure posteriorly directed PCoA aneurysm, further intraoperative steps may facilitate complete access and safe clipping of the aneurysm