Methods of singlet oxygen generation and detection for understanding photodynamic processes

Introduction. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved therapeutic procedure that exerts selective cytotoxic activity toward malignant cells. Aim. Our goal is to present the PDT procedure which involves administration of a photosensitizing agent followed by irradiation at a wavelength corresponding to the absorbance band of the photosensitizer and energy transfer to ground state oxygen to generate cytotoxic singlet oxygen Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Results. In this paper we described the basics of PDT and lifetime of singlet oxygen in different media

Singlet oxygen lifetime and diffusion measurements

Introduction. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered to be a promising antitumor methodology due the cytotoxicity of singlet oxygen (1 O2 ). Aim. To present singlet oxygen which is highly reactive and decomposes to the ground state rapidly. Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Results. This review presents techniques to measure lifetime and diffusion of 1 O2

Physical fatigue measured by functional MRI

Introduction. Physical fatigue is a physiological condition that can be measured by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Aim. Therefore, this work aims to present the research results currently reported in the scientific literature between the years 2014 and 2018 in the field of chronic fatigue syndrome using the functional MRI method. Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Results. We reviewed here the differences between temporary and chronic fatigue

Physical fatigue measured by functional MRI

Introduction. Physical fatigue is a physiological condition that can be measured by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Aim. Therefore, this work aims to present the research results currently reported in the scientific literature between the years 2014 and 2018 in the field of chronic fatigue syndrome using the functional MRI method. Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Results. We reviewed here the differences between temporary and chronic fatigue

Medicinal benefits from the use of Black pepper, Curcuma and Ginger

Introduction. Black pepper, Curcuma and Ginger are three of the most popular and most frequently used spices. Due to their beneficial medical and pharmacological properties, they are increasingly appreciated phytotheraputic plants. Most of their actions are attributed to their biochemical compositions. Aim. Our intention is to equip the reader with the information and knowledge necessary to understand the role of natural products in the drug discovery process and to enable the assessment of potential benefits and harms of plant-based medicines when advising patients who wish to use them. Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Results. In this paper, we reviewed the use of Black pepper, Curcuma and Ginger documented in the treatment of colds and flu

Medicinal benefits from the use of Black pepper, Curcuma and Ginger

Introduction. Black pepper, Curcuma and Ginger are three of the most popular and most frequently used spices. Due to their beneficial medical and pharmacological properties, they are increasingly appreciated phytotheraputic plants. Most of their actions are attributed to their biochemical compositions. Aim. Our intention is to equip the reader with the information and knowledge necessary to understand the role of natural products in the drug discovery process and to enable the assessment of potential benefits and harms of plant-based medicines when advising patients who wish to use them. Material and methods. Analysis of literature. Results. In this paper, we reviewed the use of Black pepper, Curcuma and Ginger documented in the treatment of colds and flu