Experiments of the saturated Ni-like x-ray lasers driven by a double 75 ps laser pulse

We report here the experiments of the saturated Ni-like x-ray lasers at 14 -6 nm from a refraction compensating double target driven at 20 TW.cm(-2) by a pair of 75 ps Nd-glass laser pulses separated by 2.2 ns. The output source size as well as the time history, divergence, energy and spatial profile of the output beams of the Ni-like x-ray lasers have been fully characterised. The narrow divergence (similar to 1 mrad), short pulse duration (similar to 40 ps), high efficiency (similar to 10(-6)) and high brightness (similar to 10(25) photons.s(-1).mm(-2).mrad(-2) of these Ni-like x-ray lasers make them ideal candidates for x-ray laser applications

KeV spectroscopic diagnostic for the performance of Ni-like x-ray lasers

In order to understand the improved performance of Ni-like x-ray lasers driven by a double 75 ps laser pulse, a systematic study on keV emission from plasmas generated by different drive pulse configurations has been made. Significant changes in temperatures and relative abundances of the ionisation stages for different drive pulse configurations have been found with the help of numerical simulations

Characterization of x-ray lasers at short wavelengths

Experimental measurements of the optimum pulse delay and pulse irradiance ratio for lasing at 7.3 nm in Ni-like samarium are shown to be explained by a simple model. Experimental x-ray laser outputs are also shown to be well fitted with a simple one-dimensional ASE variation of the laser output with increasing target length through saturation. The ASE model is modified to take account of the two lasing lines present in Ni-like lasing and compared to experimental laser output measurements for Ni-like Dy lasing at 5.86 nm and 6.37 nm. The good agreement of experimental data with the ASE model indicates that refraction, non-uniformity of the laser medium and other problems traditionally associated with x-ray lasing are not significant with double pulse pumping