Thoracoabdominal compartment syndrome complicating right-sided diaphragmatic eventration with co-existent unilateral renal agenesis

Diaphragmatic eventration (DE) associated with intestinal malrotation and renal agenesis is a rare entity. The authors report a case of a 69-year-old man who had symptoms of heart failure. He had a previous imaging diagnosis of right diaphragmatic eventration and dilated cardiomyopathy. He died on the second day after the hospital admission and had a post mortem examination that confirmed complete right diaphragmatic eventration, intestinal malrotation, left renal agenesis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and anteriorly rotated right kidney and had findings suggestive of a thoracoabdominal compartment syndrome. Thoracoabdominal compartment syndrome is described as transmission of abdominal pressure through a defective diaphragm causing compression of the hemithorax viscera and mediastinal shift with a hemodynamic alteration. The association of these anomalies is rare, and the possibility of this finding in a patient with eventration should always be considered

Distribution and characteristics of endometriotic lesions in south- western Nigeria: a single institutional experience

Background: Endometriosis poses a significant burden mainly to women of child bearing age. Historically, endometriosis was thought to be of low prevalence among African women. However, recent studies have documented an increased prevalence than previously thought. This study aimed to determine the distribution and characteristics of endometriotic lesions among Nigerian women.Methods: A retrospective study of all histologically diagnosed cases of endometriosis from the records of the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan from 1st January, 1997 to 31st October, 2018.The age of the women, location and distribution of the lesions were analysed.Results: A total of 85 cases of endometriosis were diagnosed histologically in the period under review. The mean age was 35 years with an age range of 18 to 52 years. The most commonly affected age groups were those between 30-39 years (47.1%) and 20-29 years (30.6%). The most commonly affected site was the ovary (58.8%) followed by the umbilicus (11.9%) and fallopian tubes (9.4%). Fourteen patients (28%) had bilateral ovarian involvement. Left sided ovarian lesions predominated (61.1% versus 38.9%). Eighteen (21.2%) patients had lesions at more than one site frequently involving both ovaries.Conclusion: Endometriosis affected mainly women of childbearing age with particular predilection for the ovaries. Endometriosis affecting the umbilicus is not uncommon among Nigerian women.Keywords: Endometriosis, Ibadan, Nigeria, ovary, umbilicu