Pharmacoeconomic analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus by vildagliptin medication in Kazakhstan

This study is aimed to determine cost-effectiveness of vildagliptin in comparison with sitagliptin for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from the perspective of Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Levels and distribution of self-rated health in the Kazakh population: results from the Kazakhstan household health survey 2012

BACKGROUND: The high and fluctuating mortality and rising health inequalities in post-Soviet countries have attracted considerable attention. However, there are very few individual-level data on distribution of health outcomes in Central Asian countries of the former Soviet Union. We analysed socioeconomic predictors of two self-rated health outcomes in a national survey in Kazakhstan. METHODS: We used data from the 2012 Kazakhstan Household Health Survey on 12,560 respondents aged 15+. Self-rated health, self-reported worsening of health, and a range of socio-demographic variables were collected in an interview. The self-rated health outcomes were dichotomized and logistic regression was used to estimate their associations with education, income, ownership of a car, second house and computer, marital status, ethnicity and urban/rural residence. RESULTS: The prevalence of poor/very poor self-rated health was 5.3%, and 11.0% of participants reported worse health compared to 1 year ago. After controlling for age, sex and region, all socio-demographic factors were related to self-rated health. After adjusting for all variables, education and car ownership showed the most consistent effects; the odds ratio of poor health and worsening of health were 0.43 (95% confidence interval 0.32-0.58) and 0.54 (0.44-0.68) for university vs. primary education, respectively, and 0.64 (0.51-0.82) and 0.68 (0.58-0.80) for car ownership, respectively. Unmarried persons, ethnic Russians and urban residents also had increased prevalence of poor health in multivariable models. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the limitations of using subjective health measures, these data suggest strong associations between two measures of self-rated health and a number of socioeconomic characteristics. Future studies and health policy initiatives in Kazakhstan and other Central Asian countries should take social determinants of health into account

Pharmacoeconomic analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus by vildagliptin medication in Kazakhstan

This study is aimed to determine cost-effectiveness of vildagliptin in comparison with sitagliptin for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from the perspective of Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Apolipoprotein E genetic variation and statin therapy appointment

Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to the significant influence of cholesterol on atherosclerosis. Several genetic variants in genes related with triglyceride (TG) metabolism has been described, including LPL, apolipoprotein A5 and apolipoprotein E (Apo E) are associated with dyslipidemia by involvement to lipid metabolism. The combined analysis of these polymorphisms could produce clinically meaningful complementary information. Changes in TG levels are now considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor; hence, the study of combined variants in genes involved in TG metabolism may help explain part of the risk for CVD. The most informative polymorphisms within the Apo E gene are the Arg158Cys (rs7412) and Cys112Arg (rs429358) which define Apo E gene alleles, epsilon2, 3 and 4 (£2, £3 and £4)

Toxicity studies of combination of silver nanoparticles and cryogels

The combination "cryogel + nanoparticles" allows developing a new type of wound dressing, where antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles made have been utilized. Previous reports have shown that the production of shaped nanoparticles and the incorporation onto cryogels is feasible [1-2]. This study investigates the toxicity of these constructs to primary human dermal fibroblast cells in context of possible clinical application

Toxicity studies of combination of silver nanoparticles and cryogels

The combination "cryogel + nanoparticles" allows developing a new type of wound dressing, where antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles made have been utilized. Previous reports have shown that the production of shaped nanoparticles and the incorporation onto cryogels is feasible [1-2]. This study investigates the toxicity of these constructs to primary human dermal fibroblast cells in context of possible clinical application

Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of dyslipidemia in older persons in urban and rural population in the Astana region, Kazakhstan.

BACKGROUND: Despite high cardiovascular mortality in Central Asian republics of the former Soviet Union, there is limited information about major risk factors, including blood lipids. We investigated the prevalence of impaired concentrations of blood lipids, the awareness, treatment and control of hypercholesterolemia, and factors associated with these indicators in urban and rural populations in Kazakhstan. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of random urban and rural population samples (the state capital Astana and Akmol village). Men and women aged 50-74 years were examined; a total of 954 adults participated (response rate 59%). Serum concentrations of total, LDL and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides and a range of other cardiovascular risk factors were measured. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥6.2 mmol/l) was 37%; among subjects with hypercholesterolemia, 57% were aware of their condition, 41% took medication and 23% had total cholesterol <6.2 mmol/l (4.5% <5 mmol/l). The prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypercholesterolemia were all higher in the urban than the rural area. Similarly, the proportions of subjects with impaired concentrations of specific lipids fractions were also considerably higher in the urban population. Most associations with other covariates were in the expected direction. CONCLUSIONS: This study found relatively high prevalence of dyslipidemia in the Kazakh population, and the blood lipid profile was less favourable in the urban area. These pronounced urban-rural differences may be related to urbanization, the associated nutrition transition and to access to health care

Antioxidant properties of grape polyphenol concentrate from Kazakhstan region

It is believed that the antioxidant effects are widespread among plant polyphenols. Antioxidant effect is associated with main biological activities of polyphenols. Objective. To describe the antioxidant effect of grape polyphenol concentrate from Kazakhstan selection in vivo on models of pathologies with overproduction of free radicals