Modification of the approach to the technology of preparation of samples of milk and dairy prod- ucts for the determination of the fatty acid profile using the gas chromatography method

The objects of the study are extractants and optimal extraction conditions that contribute to the full release of the substances being determined: the concentration and volume of the extractant, the extraction time and temperature regime.   This work includes the technology of sample preparation for determining the fatty acid composition of milk with a fat mass fraction of more than 3 %, which is centrifuged for 10 minutes at 10000 rpm, 20 µl of oil is taken from the centrifuged laboratory sample into a test tube from the upper part, then dissolved in 2 cm3 of organic solvent (hexane), then mixed manually for 1-2 minutes, 100 ml of sodium methylate solution of 2 molar concentration is added to the resulting solution with a pipette and the tube is closed with a stopper, then intensively mixed manually for 2 minutes, insist for 5 minutesand filter through a paper filter the top layer containing methyl esters, the resulting solution will be ready for examination by gas chromatography. The proposed new approach to technology development reduces the sample preparation time (~19 min), reduces the amount of solvent consumed by more than 10 times, minimizes the number of actions when working with samples, and requires a minimum amount of equipment

Removability Efficiency of Heavy Metals with Modified Humate from Aqueous Media

The main aim of this work was to study the possibility of using amine-modified humate as a sorbent for the purification of water from heavy metal ions (Cu&Co). One of the effective methods of creating new sorbents of humic acids is chemical modification based on the high reactivity of the functional groups in the composition of humic acids. The possibility of modification of humic acid with bis(3-aminopropyl) amine was illustrated. Modification was carried out with the aim of increasing its sorption capacity. Metalhumate complexes were also obtained by an ion-exchange procedure with modified humate (Mod-Hum) by employing metal salts such as Cu(CH3COO)2·H2O, Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O. Maximum sorption percentages of Mod-Hum achieved were about 99.2% for Cu (II) and 90% for Co (II). The sorption degree depending on pH changes was studied in the range of 2 to 8, the sorption ability of the sorbents was stated to increase with the increase in pH. The degree of sorption of copper (ІІ) on Mod-Hum in the studied range of рН 5 was higher and of cobalt (II) for which the sorption is optimal at higher values (рН 7-8). It is stated that sorption degree increases with the increase in time from 15 min to 2 h. The adsorption of toxic metal ions with Mod-Hum was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The experimental results on determination of the adsorption isotherm were evaluated with the Langmuir equation. It is shown that the sorbent develops a high sorption capacity in regard to ions of Cu (18.42 mg/g) and Со (16.25 mg/g). All the obtained complex compounds were analyzed and characterized by FT infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

New approaches to the diagnosis of subjective well-being based on psychological and genetic analysis

Subjective well-being is an important factor of mental health. Reduced levels of subjective well-being inevitably lead to the formation of adverse mental states, which dictates the need for its early diagnosis. Diagnostics with psychological measurement (test) cannot be timely possible, as a rule, only after reaching adolescence. For this reason expedient search for genetic predictors of subjective well-being by identifying the association between the characteristics of subjective well-being and polymorphic loci related genes, encoding proteins involved in the formation of emotional statesСубъективное благополучие является важным фактором психического здоровья личности. Сниженный уровень субъективного благополучия неизбежно ведет к формированию неблагоприятных психических состояний, что диктует необходимость его ранней диагностики. Диагностика с помощью психологического измерения (тестирования) не может быть своевременной, так как возможна, как правило, только после достижения подросткового возраста. По этой причине целесообразен поиск генетических предикторов субъективного благополучия путем выявления ассоциаций между характеристиками субъективного благополучия и полиморфными локусами генов, связанных с кодированием белков, вовлеченных в процесс формирования эмоциональных состояни

Comparative effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonists for atrial fibrillation in clinical practice: GLORIA-AF Registry

Background and purpose: Prospectively collected data comparing the safety and effectiveness of individual non-vitamin K antagonists (NOACs) are lacking. Our objective was to directly compare the effectiveness and safety of NOACs in patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: In GLORIA-AF, a large, prospective, global registry program, consecutive patients with newly diagnosed AF were followed for 3 years. The comparative analyses for (1) dabigatran vs rivaroxaban or apixaban and (2) rivaroxaban vs apixaban were performed on propensity score (PS)-matched patient sets. Proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for outcomes of interest. Results: The GLORIA-AF Phase III registry enrolled 21,300 patients between January 2014 and December 2016. Of these, 3839 were prescribed dabigatran, 4015 rivaroxaban and 4505 apixaban, with median ages of 71.0, 71.0, and 73.0 years, respectively. In the PS-matched set, the adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dabigatran vs rivaroxaban were, for stroke: 1.27 (0.79–2.03), major bleeding 0.59 (0.40–0.88), myocardial infarction 0.68 (0.40–1.16), and all-cause death 0.86 (0.67–1.10). For the comparison of dabigatran vs apixaban, in the PS-matched set, the adjusted HRs were, for stroke 1.16 (0.76–1.78), myocardial infarction 0.84 (0.48–1.46), major bleeding 0.98 (0.63–1.52) and all-cause death 1.01 (0.79–1.29). For the comparison of rivaroxaban vs apixaban, in the PS-matched set, the adjusted HRs were, for stroke 0.78 (0.52–1.19), myocardial infarction 0.96 (0.63–1.45), major bleeding 1.54 (1.14–2.08), and all-cause death 0.97 (0.80–1.19). Conclusions: Patients treated with dabigatran had a 41% lower risk of major bleeding compared with rivaroxaban, but similar risks of stroke, MI, and death. Relative to apixaban, patients treated with dabigatran had similar risks of stroke, major bleeding, MI, and death. Rivaroxaban relative to apixaban had increased risk for major bleeding, but similar risks for stroke, MI, and death. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifiers: NCT01468701, NCT01671007. Date of registration: September 2013

Anticoagulant selection in relation to the SAMe-TT2R2 score in patients with atrial fibrillation. the GLORIA-AF registry

Aim: The SAMe-TT2R2 score helps identify patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) likely to have poor anticoagulation control during anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and those with scores >2 might be better managed with a target-specific oral anticoagulant (NOAC). We hypothesized that in clinical practice, VKAs may be prescribed less frequently to patients with AF and SAMe-TT2R2 scores >2 than to patients with lower scores. Methods and results: We analyzed the Phase III dataset of the Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (GLORIA-AF), a large, global, prospective global registry of patients with newly diagnosed AF and ≥1 stroke risk factor. We compared baseline clinical characteristics and antithrombotic prescriptions to determine the probability of the VKA prescription among anticoagulated patients with the baseline SAMe-TT2R2 score >2 and ≤ 2. Among 17,465 anticoagulated patients with AF, 4,828 (27.6%) patients were prescribed VKA and 12,637 (72.4%) patients an NOAC: 11,884 (68.0%) patients had SAMe-TT2R2 scores 0-2 and 5,581 (32.0%) patients had scores >2. The proportion of patients prescribed VKA was 28.0% among patients with SAMe-TT2R2 scores >2 and 27.5% in those with scores ≤2. Conclusions: The lack of a clear association between the SAMe-TT2R2 score and anticoagulant selection may be attributed to the relative efficacy and safety profiles between NOACs and VKAs as well as to the absence of trial evidence that an SAMe-TT2R2-guided strategy for the selection of the type of anticoagulation in NVAF patients has an impact on clinical outcomes of efficacy and safety. The latter hypothesis is currently being tested in a randomized controlled trial. Clinical trial registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov//Unique identifier: NCT01937377, NCT01468701, and NCT01671007

Development of the technology of milk sauce with the addition of guarana

One of the ways to improve the taste characteristics and increase the nutritional value of cooked meat, fish and poultry dishes is to include various sauces in their composition. Traditionally, the composition of sauces includes wheat flour, vegetables, spices. Nowadays powdered plant compositions of polysaccharides (PS), such as locust bean gum and guarana, have gained wide popularity. Based on the organoleptic studies performed, samples of milk sauce with the addition of guarana in concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 % have been selected, which have been compared with a control sample made using wheat flour. The introduction of 0.5 % guarana into the composition of the milk sauce does not change the level of the mass fraction of fat in the sample, and the addition of 1.0 % guarana has increased the mass fraction of fat by 2.05 times compared to the control. Replacing wheat flour with a polysaccharide in the studied samples with the addition of guarana at concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 % has reduced the level of mass fraction of solids by 8.3 and 7.9 % and titratable acidity by 3.6 and 5 °T, respectively. According to generally accepted microbiological indicators, prototypes of milk sauce with guarana correspond to regulatory documentation. In the developed sauces, the content of proteins has decreased by 22.19 %, fats – by 2.46 %, carbohydrates – by 54.76 %, which led to a decrease in energy value by an average of 32.16 %. Thus, milk sauce with the addition of guarana can be recommended as a dietary product for preventing obesity, improving lipid metabolism, and lowering cholesterol levels. In the course of determining the economic efficiency of introducing milk sauce with guarana into production, it has been found that the profit amounted to 9628.26 thousand rubles with an annual production capacity of 677.76 tons per year