Del preescolar a la escuela primaria

1 documento en PDF de 10 páginas.A veces la matemática se asocia con estereotipos escolares que están lejos de su esencia: fórmulas, ecuaciones y teoremas que para algunos son solo un aprendizaje memorístico y cálculos sin sentido; todo esto puede producir estupor y manifestaciones de desagrado ligadas a las experiencias de aprendizaje en los años de escuela. Este libro es pensado para ofrecer a los docentes un instrumento útil que los pueda acompañar en un itinerario de reflexión, tanto teórico como práctico, sobre la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la matemática en el preescolar.PREFACIO 1. Una educación matemática significativa en preescolar. Hipótesis teóricas, investigaciones empíricas y experiencias lúdicas Aprendizaje espontáneo de la matemática Algunos ejemplos, para iniciar Modelos mentales que se forman espontáneamente Ayudar a formar modelos correctos Características generales de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la matemática en el preescolar Conocimientos a la base de las estrategias ingenuas que se establecen al hacer matemática Uso de estrategias ingenuas en el hacer matemática Algunas hipótesis de investigación en didáctica de la matemática en el nivel preescolar El “triángulo de la didáctica” Teoría de las situaciones. La microsociedad del salón de clase en el preescolar y las prácticas compartidas Obstáculos Ambientes artificiales de aprendizaje Investigación en didáctica de la matemática, “A” y “B” Referencias. 2. Propuestas de actividad en clase: aritmética y geometría Coplas infantiles y fábulas que incluyen números Números fabulosos La caza del número Números para jugar El calendario, momento de rutina y de matemática Los días del año Viajemos sobre un tapete mágico para descubrir juegos de pavimentación Un viaje a través de países coloridos El viaje continúa en busca de lugares artísticos Juguemos con pentaminos Referencias 3. Propuestas de actividad en clase: geometría, probabilidad, estadística Juegos con sólidos Las cajas abiertas Adivina qué es Pesos y balanzas Una historia, muchas elecciones: construcción de un libro en el cual las elecciones hechas influyen en la continuación del juego Una historia, muchas elecciones (segunda parte): juego con los dados para escoger las rutas adecuadas Camina, camina Las cartas de jueg

US Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter 2017: Community Report

This white paper summarizes the workshop "U.S. Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter" held at University of Maryland on March 23-25, 2017.Comment: 102 pages + reference

Potential of Core-Collapse Supernova Neutrino Detection at JUNO

JUNO is an underground neutrino observatory under construction in Jiangmen, China. It uses 20kton liquid scintillator as target, which enables it to detect supernova burst neutrinos of a large statistics for the next galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN) and also pre-supernova neutrinos from the nearby CCSN progenitors. All flavors of supernova burst neutrinos can be detected by JUNO via several interaction channels, including inverse beta decay, elastic scattering on electron and proton, interactions on C12 nuclei, etc. This retains the possibility for JUNO to reconstruct the energy spectra of supernova burst neutrinos of all flavors. The real time monitoring systems based on FPGA and DAQ are under development in JUNO, which allow prompt alert and trigger-less data acquisition of CCSN events. The alert performances of both monitoring systems have been thoroughly studied using simulations. Moreover, once a CCSN is tagged, the system can give fast characterizations, such as directionality and light curve

Detection of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with JUNO

As an underground multi-purpose neutrino detector with 20 kton liquid scintillator, Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is competitive with and complementary to the water-Cherenkov detectors on the search for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). Typical supernova models predict 2-4 events per year within the optimal observation window in the JUNO detector. The dominant background is from the neutral-current (NC) interaction of atmospheric neutrinos with 12C nuclei, which surpasses the DSNB by more than one order of magnitude. We evaluated the systematic uncertainty of NC background from the spread of a variety of data-driven models and further developed a method to determine NC background within 15\% with {\it{in}} {\it{situ}} measurements after ten years of running. Besides, the NC-like backgrounds can be effectively suppressed by the intrinsic pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) capabilities of liquid scintillators. In this talk, I will present in detail the improvements on NC background uncertainty evaluation, PSD discriminator development, and finally, the potential of DSNB sensitivity in JUNO

Real-time Monitoring for the Next Core-Collapse Supernova in JUNO

Core-collapse supernova (CCSN) is one of the most energetic astrophysical events in the Universe. The early and prompt detection of neutrinos before (pre-SN) and during the SN burst is a unique opportunity to realize the multi-messenger observation of the CCSN events. In this work, we describe the monitoring concept and present the sensitivity of the system to the pre-SN and SN neutrinos at the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), which is a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector under construction in South China. The real-time monitoring system is designed with both the prompt monitors on the electronic board and online monitors at the data acquisition stage, in order to ensure both the alert speed and alert coverage of progenitor stars. By assuming a false alert rate of 1 per year, this monitoring system can be sensitive to the pre-SN neutrinos up to the distance of about 1.6 (0.9) kpc and SN neutrinos up to about 370 (360) kpc for a progenitor mass of 30$M_{\odot}$ for the case of normal (inverted) mass ordering. The pointing ability of the CCSN is evaluated by using the accumulated event anisotropy of the inverse beta decay interactions from pre-SN or SN neutrinos, which, along with the early alert, can play important roles for the followup multi-messenger observations of the next Galactic or nearby extragalactic CCSN.Comment: 24 pages, 9 figure

Chemico-physical characterization of hydroxy-apatite powders obtained by wet chemical routes

VI Convegno Nazionale INSTM sulla Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali. Perugi

Role of INSTM Reference Centre LINCE in the frame of IP NANOKER

VI Convegno Nazionale INSTM sulla Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali. Perugi

European Multicenter Study of ET-COVID-19

Acute ischemic stroke and large vessel occlusion can be concurrent with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for large vessel occlusion in patients with COVID-19 are substantially unknown. Our aim was to study early outcomes after MT in patients with COVID-19