Correlation between Shoulder radiographic parameters and Supraspinatus tendon tear: Acromio-tuberosity index(ATI) and Acromio-tuberosity difference (ATD)

The purpose of this study was to find the correlation between supraspinatus tendon (SSP) tear, ATI and ATD.  A case-control study design was conducted.  The patients were selected from individuals presenting with shoulder pain.  ATI and ATD were measured on neutral anteroposterior position of conventional radiographs. SSP integrity was evaluated on MRI. The study consisted of 143 patients with SSP tear and 39 patients with no SSP tears. The median ATI of SSP tear group and no SSP tear group were 1.08 ± 0.08 and 1.15 ± 0.06 respectively. The median ATD of SSP tear group and no SSP tear group were 2.25 ± 2.22 mm and 4.27 ± 1.55 mm respectively. The result showed that ATI and ATD had high correlation for SSP tear on MRI in patient with shoulder pain(Area Under Curve=0.748 and 0.746 for ATI and ATD respectively). Bursal side tear group also had lowest ATI and ATD compare to other tear pattern groups. Although results are statistically significant such a small difference, these emphasized their usefulness and concordance to rotator cuff pathogenesis described in previous studies

3D reconstruction of proximal femoral fracture from biplanar radiographs with fractural representative learning

Abstract A femoral fracture is a severe injury occurring in traumatic and pathologic causes. Diagnosis and Preoperative planning are indispensable procedures relying on preoperative radiographs such as X-ray and CT images. Nevertheless, CT imaging has a higher cost, radiation dose, and longer acquisition time than X-ray imaging. Thus, the fracture 3D reconstruction from X-ray images had been needed and remains a challenging problem, as well as a lack of dataset. This paper proposes a 3D proximal femoral fracture reconstruction from biplanar radiographs to improve the 3D visualization of bone fragments during preoperative planning. A novel Fracture Reconstruction Network (FracReconNet) is proposed to retrieve the femoral bone shape with fracture details, including the 3D Reconstruction Network (3DReconNet), novel Auxiliary class (AC), and Fractural augmentation (FA). The 3D reconstruction network applies a deep learning-based, fully Convolutional Network with Feature Pyramid Network architecture. Specifically, the auxiliary class is proposed, which refers to fracture representation. It encourages network learning to reconstruct the fracture. Since the samples are scarce to acquire, the fractural augmentation is invented to enlarge the fracture training samples and improve reconstruction accuracy. The evaluation of FracReconNet achieved a mIoU of 0.851 and mASSD of 0.906 mm. The proposed FracReconNet’s results show fracture detail similar to the real fracture, while the 3DReconNet cannot offer

Association of osteoporosis and sarcopenia with fracture risk in transfusion-dependent thalassemia

Abstract Patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) have an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures. They also have several potential factors associated with sarcopenia. There has been currently no study on sarcopenia and its association with falls and fractures in TDT. This study aims to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with osteoporosis, fragility fractures, and sarcopenia in adults with TDT. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the hematologic clinic at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Clinical data and laboratory testing were collected. Bone mineral density and morphometric vertebral fracture were assessed. Sarcopenia was defined using the 2014 and 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria. We included 112 TDT patients aged 35.1 ± 12.5 years. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 38.4%. Fragility fractures were found in 20.5% of patients. Lower BMI (OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.12–0.72, P = 0.007) and hypogonadal state (OR 3.72; 95% CI 1.09–12.74, P = 0.036) were independently associated with osteoporosis. According to the 2014 AWGS criteria, the prevalence of overall sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia was 44.6% and 13.4%, respectively. Severe sarcopenia was strongly associated with fragility fractures (OR 4.59, 95% CI 1.21–17.46, P = 0.025). In conclusion, osteoporosis, fragility fractures, and sarcopenia were prevalent in adults with TDT. Severe sarcopenia was associated with fragility fractures. Early osteoporosis and sarcopenia screening and prevention may reduce fracture risk and its complications in these patients